Epidemiologic Reviews最新文献_第4页

Ethnoracial disparities in breast cancer treatment time and survival: a systematic review with a DAG-based causal model. 乳腺癌治疗时间和生存的种族差异：基于dag因果模型的系统评价。

IF 3.8 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxaf009

Parisa M Hesari, Drexler James, Daniel J Lizotte, Greta R Bauer

{"title":"Ethnoracial disparities in breast cancer treatment time and survival: a systematic review with a DAG-based causal model.","authors":"Parisa M Hesari, Drexler James, Daniel J Lizotte, Greta R Bauer","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf009","url":null,"abstract":"For interventions aimed at redressing health disparities in breast cancer to be effective, a clear understanding of the nature and causes of these disparities is required. Our questions were: what is the current evidence for ethnoracial disparities in time-to-treatment initiation and survival in breast cancer, and how are the causal mechanisms of these disparities conceptualized in the literature? A comprehensive systematic search of studies on cohorts of female patients with breast cancer diagnosed with stage I-III was performed. Directed acyclic graphs were used to describe implicit causal relationships between racial/ethnic group membership and time-to-treatment initiation and survival outcomes. This review revealed strong evidence for ethnoracial disparities in both time to treatment and survival among patients with breast cancer. Unmeasured factors identified by the authors highlighted gaps in data sources and opportunities for causal reasoning. Although the existing literature describes ethnoracial disparities, there is very limited discussion of causal mechanisms and no discussion of system-level rather than individual-level effects. Addressing established ethnoracial disparities in breast cancer requires new research that explicitly considers the causal mechanisms of potential interventions, incorporating unmeasured factors contributing to these disparities. Trial registration: PROSPERO identifier: CRD42023391901.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Is racism a barrier to HIV care continuum engagement among Black People in the United States? A scoping review to assess the state of the science and inform a research agenda. 更正：种族主义是美国黑人艾滋病毒护理持续参与的障碍吗？评估科学状况并为研究议程提供信息的范围审查。

IF 3.8 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxaf008

引用次数: 0

Socioeconomic status and depression-a systematic review. 社会经济地位与抑郁症——一项系统综述。

IF 9.6 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxaf011

Anders Jespersen, Rebecca A Madden, Heather C Whalley, Rebecca M Reynolds, Stephen M Lawrie, Andrew M McIntosh, Matthew H Iveson

{"title":"Socioeconomic status and depression-a systematic review.","authors":"Anders Jespersen, Rebecca A Madden, Heather C Whalley, Rebecca M Reynolds, Stephen M Lawrie, Andrew M McIntosh, Matthew H Iveson","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf011","url":null,"abstract":"Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with an increased risk of depression and psychiatric disorders in general. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we provide an estimate of the risk of clinical depression associated with low SES across cultures, age groups, and study designs. Finally, we tested whether associations between SES and depression differed by the income of the country in which the study was conducted. A literature search across 5 databases returned 7943 studies. Title, abstract, and full-text screening resulted in 162 included studies of which 122 were meta-analyzed, 22 were included in a cross-sectional narrative review, and 19 studies were included in a longitudinal narrative review. Meta-analyses were divided into risk estimates for composite SES, income, education, and employment. Sensitivity analyses based on differences in economic situation in the country of study origin were performed to investigate a possible source of between-study heterogeneity. Low SES was associated with an increased risk of depression across all measures of SES. Low income was associated with the highest odds ratio for depression (1.96; 95% CI, 1.53-2.52). Sensitivity analyses revealed no significant differences in between-study heterogeneity or risk of depression between high- and low-income economy groups. Comparable risks of depression across economy groups suggest that income relative to your peers, rather than absolute income, is a risk factor for depression. Preventive measures and possible policy interventions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global incidence and risk factors for injury-related bloodstream infections: a scoping review. 损伤相关血流感染的全球发生率和危险因素：范围综述

IF 9.6 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxaf015

Binuri Perera, Ashleigh Earnshaw, Kevin Laupland, Samantha Borg, Kirsten Vallmuur, Felicity Edwards, Susanna Cramb

{"title":"Global incidence and risk factors for injury-related bloodstream infections: a scoping review.","authors":"Binuri Perera, Ashleigh Earnshaw, Kevin Laupland, Samantha Borg, Kirsten Vallmuur, Felicity Edwards, Susanna Cramb","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf015","url":null,"abstract":"Bloodstream infection (BSI) can be a serious complication among injured patients. Understanding the burden of injury-related BSI is important for early detection and implementing appropriate treatments to improve patient outcomes. Incidence rates and risk factors are important measures that help provide insights into the burden of injury-related BSIs and early diagnosis of patients. In this review, the aim was to comprehensively summarize incidence rates and risk factors for injury-related BSIs from scientific literature. Four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL [via EBSCOhost], Embase, and Web of Science) were searched. There were no limitations on the language. Studies reporting the incidence rates or risk factors associated with incidence or adverse outcomes from injury-related BSIs were included. Database searches returned 9830 articles, of which 48 were included. Incidence rates of injury-related BSIs ranged from 0.71 to 27.4 episodes per 1000 patient-days. A total of 237 potential factors associated with the development and/or outcomes of injury-related BSIs were identified and classified into 8 broad categories: demographics, prognostic scores, burn extent, clinical and patient health factors, biomarkers, resource utilization and treatments, pathogens and injuries, and mechanisms. Older age, male sex, higher injury severity score, longer length of stay, greater total body surface burn area, and inhalation injuries were the most frequently reported risk factors. This review identified a large variation in reported incidence rates but no population-based studies. Many factors have been associated with injury-related BSIs; however, the direction of association and effect sizes vary across the studies, which can be attributed to the differences in study design.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12666861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Burnout among health care workers: unavoidable and solvable. 医护人员的职业倦怠：不可避免的和可解决的。

IF 3.8 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxaf005

Karen B Kent, Ron Z Goetzel, Enid Chung Roemer, Alissa Wong

引用次数: 0

Spatial and spatiotemporal machine learning models for COVID-19 dynamics: a review of methodology and reporting practices. COVID-19动态的空间和时空机器学习模型：方法和报告实践综述

IF 3.8 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxaf017

Hassan K Ajulo, Faith O Alele, Theophilus I Emeto, Oyelola A Adegboye

{"title":"Spatial and spatiotemporal machine learning models for COVID-19 dynamics: a review of methodology and reporting practices.","authors":"Hassan K Ajulo, Faith O Alele, Theophilus I Emeto, Oyelola A Adegboye","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf017","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has transitioned from a pandemic to an endemic state, but the emergence of novel variants continues to pose significant public health challenges. In this study, the application of spatial and spatiotemporal machine learning (ML) models in understanding the dynamics of COVID-19 was systematically reviewed, as were contextual local-level comprehensive socio-environmental drivers. A systematic search was conducted across the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Emcare (via Ovid), and the World Health Organization COVID-19 databases, and gray literature, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data extraction was conducted according to the Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modeling Studies checklist, and study quality was assessed using a validated scoring system. A total of 42 studies met the inclusion criteria. The review Findings indicate that global-scale spatial and spatiotemporal ML models dominate the field. Long-standing standalone factors in the demographic, environmental, and socioeconomic domains are frequently used as local-level drivers. However, the integration of composite indicators, aggregating multiple standalone factors into a single score, is notably lacking. Such composite indicators have the potential to reduce model complexity, improve interpretability, and enhance performance by capturing multidimensional aspects of vulnerability or risk in a more simplified form. This review highlights critical gaps in the current use of spatial and spatiotemporal ML models to understand the spatial epidemiology of COVID-19. Addressing these gaps could significantly enhance the understanding of COVID-19 dynamics and inform the development of effective public health strategies to mitigate future threats.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12699224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guaranteed income and health in the United States and Canada: a scoping review. 美国和加拿大的保障收入和健康：范围审查。

IF 3.8 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxaf003

Holly M Nishimura, Sevly Snguon, Marik Moen, Lorraine T Dean

{"title":"Guaranteed income and health in the United States and Canada: a scoping review.","authors":"Holly M Nishimura, Sevly Snguon, Marik Moen, Lorraine T Dean","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/epirev/mxaf003","url":null,"abstract":"Although the economic impact of guaranteed income (GI) (recurring, unconditional, and unrestricted cash transfers intended to supplement the income of participants) is well studied, much less is known about how GI may affect health, especially in the context of high-income countries like the United States and Canada. We searched 5 electronic databases for terms related to \"guaranteed income\" and \"cash transfer\" through April 23, 2022. Among 5340 records originally identified, 25 met our inclusion criteria and represented 16 unique GI initiatives. Most included studies used a quantitative approach (n = 22; 88%), were published between 2000 and 2022 (n = 21; 84%), and were conducted in the United States (n = 15; 60%). Health outcomes included maternal and child health (eg, preterm births, breastfeeding initiation), healthcare utilization (eg, hospital admissions), mental health (eg, depression), physical health (eg, body mass index), and behavioral health (eg, substance use). Maternal, infant, and child health were the most highly represented health outcomes. Guaranteed-income initiatives generally had significant positive impacts on health outcomes, especially among the most vulnerable recipients. Data were absent on neighborhood-level health outcomes, chronic and infectious diseases, potential unintended consequences, and long-term impacts of GI on health. Studies on the impact of GI on health suggest GI has the potential to positively affect many, but not all, health outcomes. Rigorous assessment of health outcomes is still needed, and additional health outcomes should be considered in the design and evaluation of GI initiatives.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Trial and Observational Data to Assess Effectiveness: Trial Emulation, Transportability, Benchmarking, and Joint Analysis. 利用试验和观察数据评估有效性：试验模拟、可迁移性、基准和联合分析。

IF 3.8 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxac011

Issa J Dahabreh, Anthony Matthews, Jon A Steingrimsson, Daniel O Scharfstein, Elizabeth A Stuart

{"title":"Using Trial and Observational Data to Assess Effectiveness: Trial Emulation, Transportability, Benchmarking, and Joint Analysis.","authors":"Issa J Dahabreh, Anthony Matthews, Jon A Steingrimsson, Daniel O Scharfstein, Elizabeth A Stuart","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxac011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/epirev/mxac011","url":null,"abstract":"Comparisons between randomized trial analyses and observational analyses that attempt to address similar research questions have generated many controversies in epidemiology and the social sciences. There has been little consensus on when such comparisons are reasonable, what their implications are for the validity of observational analyses, or whether trial and observational analyses can be integrated to address effectiveness questions. Here, we consider methods for using observational analyses to complement trial analyses when assessing treatment effectiveness. First, we review the framework for designing observational analyses that emulate target trials and present an evidence map of its recent applications. We then review approaches for estimating the average treatment effect in the target population underlying the emulation, using observational analyses of the emulation data alone and using transportability analyses to extend inferences from a trial to the target population. We explain how comparing treatment effect estimates from the emulation against those from the trial can provide evidence on whether observational analyses can be trusted to deliver valid estimates of effectiveness-a process we refer to as benchmarking-and, in some cases, allow the joint analysis of the trial and observational data. We illustrate different approaches using a simplified example of a pragmatic trial and its emulation in registry data. We conclude that synthesizing trial and observational data-in transportability, benchmarking, or joint analyses-can leverage their complementary strengths to enhance learning about comparative effectiveness, through a process combining quantitative methods and epidemiologic judgments.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9237889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of post-traumatic chondropathy on the functional state of knee joints in athletes while playing basketball. 创伤后软骨病对篮球比赛中运动员膝关节功能状态的影响

IF 3.8 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxae004

Wenpeng Cui, Mykola Bezmilov

{"title":"The effect of post-traumatic chondropathy on the functional state of knee joints in athletes while playing basketball.","authors":"Wenpeng Cui, Mykola Bezmilov","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxae004","DOIUrl":"10.1093/epirev/mxae004","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread occurrence of knee injuries in athletes when playing basketball, in particular, damage to the cartilage system of the knee joint is reviewed. Basketball players may develop post-traumatic chondropathy with a subsequent change in the functional state of knee joints, which is inextricably linked with a decrease in the quality of life, the occurrence of pain syndrome, shortening of career duration, an increased risk of surgical interventions, and possible disability, from a long-term perspective. This review was conducted to explore modern ideas about the impact of post-traumatic chondropathy on the functional state of knee joints in athletes during basketball games. Literature databases were searched for relevant studies. Given the character of the basketball game, knee injuries, both acute and chronic, are widespread among athletes of this sport, including cartilaginous defects of the knee joint. The findings of this study are of practical value for sports medicine doctors, physiotherapists, and traumatologists because they present the main mechanisms of knee injuries in athletes when playing basketball and the possible consequences of these injuries in the long term.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systematic review of lethal means safety counseling interventions: impacts on safety behaviors and self-directed violence. 致命手段安全咨询干预的系统回顾：对安全行为和自我导向暴力的影响。

IF 3.8 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxae001

Elizabeth G Spitzer, Kelly A Stearns-Yoder, Adam S Hoffberg, Hannah M Bailey, Christopher J Miller, Joseph A Simonetti

{"title":"A systematic review of lethal means safety counseling interventions: impacts on safety behaviors and self-directed violence.","authors":"Elizabeth G Spitzer, Kelly A Stearns-Yoder, Adam S Hoffberg, Hannah M Bailey, Christopher J Miller, Joseph A Simonetti","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxae001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/epirev/mxae001","url":null,"abstract":"For lethal means safety counseling (LMSC) interventions to reduce population-level suicide rates, interventions must be deployed across many settings and populations. We conducted a systematic search in 6 databases to review the current state of LMSC interventions across study designs, settings, intervention providers, populations, and injury prevention levels (eg, universal). Eligibility criteria were as follows: any individual or group receiving an LMSC intervention involving a human-to-human component aiming to influence adult behaviors related to lethal suicide methods, and outcome assessment of storage behaviors and/or suicidal self-directed violence (SDV). Risk of bias was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. A descriptive synthesis approach was used for analysis. Twenty-two studies were included that reported medication- and/or firearm-storage behaviors and/or SDV after LMSC. Of the 19 studies assessing behavioral change, 14 reported a significant improvement in safe storage behaviors, and all studies measuring acceptability reported that participants found the interventions favorable. The quality of evidence was limited. No studies were rated low risk of bias, and 77% were rated high risk of bias. There was substantial heterogeneity in the settings, populations, injury prevention levels, delivery methods, and intervention elements. Many included studies focused on caregivers of pediatric populations, and few studies assessed SDV outcomes. Higher-quality trials conducted across a variety of settings, particularly those focusing on adults at risk of suicide, are needed. This review was preregistered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (no. CRD42021230668).","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0