Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science最新文献

{"title":"Abundance and characteristics of plankton and microplastics along the northern coastline of Central Java, Indonesia","authors":"Asriningsih Suryandari ,&nbsp;Agoes Soegianto ,&nbsp;Eko Prasetyo Kuncoro ,&nbsp;Carolyn Melissa Payus ,&nbsp;Retno Hartati","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to characterize microplastics (MPs) and analyze the composition of plankton in the coastal waters of Central Java's North Coast. The examined characteristics of MPs comprise type, color, size, polymer type, and chemical properties. The plankton samples were classified according to species and size. The study results indicated that the overall abundance of MPs (83 particles/L) across all locations in these coastal waters was significantly higher than that of plankton (57 individuals/L). The concentration of MPs ranged from 10 to 42 particles/L, with Jepara demonstrating the highest level at 42 particles/L. The distribution of plankton among all locations exhibited little variation, ranging from 13 to 15 ind/L at each site. The predominant size of both MPs and plankton was ≤1 mm. MPs measuring ≤1 mm constituted 98 % of the total MPs, whereas plankton of the same size represented 94.7 % of the total plankton. Copepods exhibited the most diversity in size classes, demonstrating abundance in greater categories (&gt;1–2 mm and &gt;4–5 mm), whilst other taxa primarily demonstrated abundance in the ≤1 mm size class. The study identified a variety of MPs, such as fibers, fragments, films, and pellets. Fibers (38.8 %) were the most prevalent form, followed by fragments (31.2 %) in all location. The most prevalent color was black, with 44.8 % of the total, while transparent was second at 29.6 %. Seven polymer types, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyurethane (PU), and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), were analyzed utilizing FTIR imaging, with PET being abundantly detected at all sampling sites. This research presents baseline data regarding the concurrent distribution of microplastics and plankton in the coastal waters of northern Central Java. The study enhances the understanding of microplastic dynamics in coastal environments through the comparison of quantitative abundance, size-class analysis, and FTIR-based polymer identification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109688"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind-driven variability in phytoplankton dynamics in a semi-enclosed sea","authors":"Ruohan Sun ,&nbsp;Xinyi Kang ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhang ,&nbsp;Hang Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wind forcing plays a crucial role in regulating nutrient and phytoplankton dynamics in semi-enclosed seas. This study investigated the effects of typical wind forcing with two directions, southwesterly and northeasterly, and a range of wind intensities on the spatial distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and phytoplankton biomass in the Bohai Sea using a coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model (FVCOM-ICM). Our results showed that under northeasterly winds, DIN and DIP concentrations generally decreased, particularly in the Laizhou and Bohai Bays, due to wind-driven circulation that enhanced nutrient export, promoted intrusion of low-nutrient offshore waters, or strengthened downwelling. In contrast, southwesterly winds transported nutrient-rich waters from nearshore and riverine sources toward the northeastern Bohai Bay, northeastern Liaodong Bay, and southern Laizhou Bay, increasing nutrient availability and phytoplankton biomass, further supported by vertical upwelling. Despite contrasting nutrient responses, phytoplankton biomass increased under both wind directions in the central and southern Liaodong Bay, mainly because weaker current intensification, deeper and clearer waters, and moderate mixing improved near-surface light conditions and alleviated light limitation. Overall, the three sub-bays exhibited distinct ecological responses, highlighting that wind forcing did not exert uniform effects across the Bohai Sea but depended on local circulation features and the interplay between nutrient supply and light availability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical tolerance responses of the estuarine saltmarsh plant Limbarda crithmoides L. under acetaminophen exposure: Insights into plant–pollutant interactions","authors":"Hanne Hoornaert ,&nbsp;Nuno Neng ,&nbsp;Luísa Custódio ,&nbsp;Maria João Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pharmaceutical contamination in estuarine and coastal environments is a growing concern due to continuous urban discharges and limited removal in conventional wastewater treatment. Acetaminophen, a frequently detected analgesic in surface and estuarine waters, was selected as a model compound to investigate its physiological effects on the native saltmarsh plant <em>Limbarda crithmoides</em> L. Rooted explants were exposed to acetaminophen (0.1, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) in liquid culture for 7, 14, and 21 days. Removal from solution was monitored by HPLC-DAD and GC–MS, while pigment levels, oxidative stress markers (MDA), osmoprotectants (proline, proteins, sugars), and secondary metabolites (phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, shikimic acid, PAL activity) were quantified in roots and shoots. <em>L. crithmoides</em> showed moderate tolerance to acetaminophen exposure, maintaining photosynthetic pigments and stable stress markers. Early responses involved osmoprotectant accumulation and controlled oxidative damage, followed by the activation of antioxidant and phenolic pathways at later stages, suggesting metabolic acclimation to sustained stress. Root tissues displayed lower oxidative damage and higher proline accumulation than aerial parts, indicating spatial differentiation of stress responses. Despite continuous exposure, plants preserved functional integrity and biochemical homeostasis. These results reveal key physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying the tolerance limits of a native estuarine species to pharmaceutical stress, providing insight into plant–pollutant interactions and the potential role of saltmarsh vegetation in the functioning of contaminated coastal ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparisons between estuary-associated ichthyofaunas in ecoregions around the Pacific Ocean","authors":"Alan K. Whitfield ,&nbsp;Trevor D. Harrison ,&nbsp;James R. Tweedley","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review examines possible estuarine fish colonisation processes of the Pacific Ocean that started in the Early Jurassic and gained momentum with the break-up of Pangea. Initial colonisation of the newly-created estuaries by fish is likely to have accelerated during the Devonian, with tropical marine families from the Neotethys Sea region using epicontinental seaways between Asia, Australia, India, Arabia, Europe and the Americas to colonise estuaries on these drifting land masses. Analyses of the presence/absence of fish families and species from selected ecoregions around the Pacific Ocean rim showed that estuary-associated fish families on the eastern and western side of the Pacific Ocean separated out at a Bray-Curtis similarity of 41 % but were only ∼5 % similar at the species level. In terms of past and present geodispersal of fish taxa, tropical species may have used ‘island hopping’ to cover the &gt;19 000 km gap between the tropical western and eastern shores of the Pacific. However, most tropical taxa in the eastern Pacific appear to have originated from the Caribbean area of the Western Atlantic and not from the central Western Pacific fish species ‘hotspot’. In contrast, ichthyofaunal colonisation of Western Pacific regions to the north and south of the ‘hotspot’ was facilitated by ocean currents and the more limited distances between estuaries and coastal ecoregions in this part of the Pacific. The cold temperate waters of the Northern and Southern Pacific Ocean would have acted as a barrier to tropical species attempting to use these routes to cross the Pacific Ocean basin. The prevalence of temperate diadromous fish species in both the temperate northern (e.g. Russia and Alaska) and southern (e.g. New Zealand and Patagonia) estuaries is probably a function of local evolutionary trends that favoured such taxa in those particular regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus - an ecologically and economically important species in the Adriatic Sea: a review","authors":"Romina Kraus ,&nbsp;Vjekoslav Tičina","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anchovy (<em>Engraulis encrasicolus</em>, L.) is one of the key species in the Adriatic ecosystem, but it is also a healthy source of protein and essential fatty acids for the human diet. The demand for this fishery resource is therefore high, especially in the Adriatic. Despite the management measures taken in the past, anchovy in the Adriatic is now overfished and overexploited.</div><div>The aim of this review was to summarise knowledge on different aspects and information from the published literature on anchovy in the Adriatic Sea in order to provide a reliable basis for future research efforts aimed at sustainable ecosystem-based management of anchovy fisheries in the Adriatic Sea. To achieve this, we have prepared six sections: <em>Adriatic Sea</em> - <em>Distribution area</em>, <em>Biology and Ecology</em>, <em>Stock Identity</em>, <em>Estimations of Anchovy Stock in the Adriatic Sea</em>, <em>Consumption (Anchovy as Seafood)</em> and <em>Management and Future Projections</em>.</div><div>The fluctuating anchovy catches in recent decades clearly demonstrate the need for sustainable exploitation of this resource, which should be considered as an integral part of the marine ecosystem in the Adriatic. Therefore, a more holistic approach to management and research should be pursued in the future, orientated towards the needs of the ecosystem and taking into account the different ecosystem services/users as well as the interactions between the different species. An important factor for possible future changes in anchovy populations in marine ecosystems is the ongoing climate change, which should be taken into account in future studies on anchovies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water quality impacts during Hurricane Irene (2011) in a large coastal-plain estuary","authors":"P. St-Laurent","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Embayments of North America’s east coast are positioned along the trajectory of Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) whose frequency and/or intensity are projected to increase over the century. Substantial water quality impacts of TCs have been documented over the years in some of those embayments, but large coastal plain estuaries remain an observational challenge that often confines water quality studies to sub-regions or to tributaries. The present study provides a ‘system-wide’ analysis of impacts on water properties during hurricane Irene (2011), reflecting the aggregate response of a large estuary (Chesapeake Bay) in terms of air/sea exchanges of CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, and other metrics. The study focuses on the days preceding/following the event and leverages an ensemble of atmospheric simulations of Irene (to quantify the sensitivity of its impacts on water properties to variations in the TC’s characteristics) and a 1985–2023 hindcast (to put Irene in perspective). The analysis indicates that the CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> outgassing during Irene was unprecedented over 1985–2023, and that TCs regularly cause CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> outgassing events of magnitude <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>25</mn><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></math></span> weaker than that of Irene (return period of 2–5 years). Based on the sensitivity analysis, most metrics worsen in proportion to an hypothetical intensification of Irene, but CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> outgassing exhibits a slightly superlinear response. These results emphasize the need to account for the contribution of large stochastic events in estuaries in order to derive global carbon budgets representative of reality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial variability and controlling factors of residual salinity in aquitards of exploited coastal brine aquifers","authors":"Xuebang Huang ,&nbsp;Zengbin Sun ,&nbsp;Yuping Luo ,&nbsp;Xiujun Guo ,&nbsp;Mingbo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Laizhou Bay (LZB) in China, the world's largest coastal underground brine field, faces severe threats to its resource sustainability from intensive mining. Although previous studies have established that salt release from aquitards is a crucial source of brine salinity replenishment, continuous extraction has now triggered a concerning spatial redistribution of this salt reserve within the aquitards. Understanding this heterogeneity is therefore an urgent prerequisite for accurate resource assessment and effective management. To address this, we employed chloride (Cl⁻) as a conservative tracer to investigate the vertical salinity distribution in aquitards and identify the controlling factors. Cl⁻ profiles from multiple sites across the 1300 km² mining area were correlated with key parameters reflecting the paleo-depositional environment (hydrodynamic indices, grain-size parameters), sediment physical properties (hydraulic conductivity), and modern hydrodynamic conditions (dynamic water levels under pumping disturbance). Our integrated analysis, combining geochemistry, groundwater dynamics, and sediment dynamics, revealed a systematic spatial pattern: overall higher salinity in the west than in the east, with increasing salinity with depth in the east and the opposite trend in the west. Three primary factors control this heterogeneity: (1) Paleo-depositional environment: High-energy conditions in the east deposited well-sorted, coarse sediments facilitating leaching, unlike the fine-grained, poorly-sorted deposits in the west that restrict it; (2) Sediment permeability: High-permeability layers in the east enable efficient salt flushing, while low-permeability layers in the west hinder groundwater flow and salt transport; (3) Modern groundwater dynamics: Intensive pumping causes large water-level fluctuations (e.g., an amplitude of 11 m at borehole 7# in the eastern cone of depression), creating strong vertical Cl⁻ gradients (up to 4.10 g/L/m) and enhancing leaching, whereas weaker dynamics slow release. This study provides the first systematic analysis of aquitard salinity heterogeneity and its controls in the LZB. The findings offer crucial scientific support for accurately assessing regional brine reserves, optimizing sustainable extraction strategies, and informing ecological conservation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical characterization of dissolved organic matter in a hurricane-impacted estuary: linking chromophores, lignin phenols, amino acids and mass spectrometry-based compositions","authors":"Mohammad Al Mukaimi ,&nbsp;Huda Alaskar ,&nbsp;Ge Yan ,&nbsp;Karl Kaiser","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hurricane Harvey brought unprecedented precipitation over an urbanized watershed, causing extensive flooding and delivering a significant pulse of terrigenous material to Galveston Bay. This study employs a comprehensive suite of techniques, including optical spectroscopy, chemical analyses of lignin phenolds and enantiomeric amino acids, and mass spectrometry, to characterize the sources, compositions and transformations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in response to this extreme weather event.</div><div>The results revealed distinct temporal shifts in DOM composition, initially dominated by terrigenous, aromatic-rich constituents shortly after the storm. These compositions transitioned to a more diverse mixture of degraded terrestrial material and phytoplankton-derived autochthonous DOM, driven by extensive microbial processing and the secondary input of bacterial organic matter. This dynamic evolution demonstrates the rapid response of estuarine systems to extreme disturbances, with indications that the bay's ecosystem can recover from episodic events, although the impacts of repeated or sequential disturbances remain uncertain.</div><div>The integration of optical, chemical, and mass spectral analyses provided complementary insights into DOM dynamics, highlighting the value of using multiple characterization tools. While chromophoric DOM (CDOM) features and concentrations of biochemicals offered robust indicators of DOM composition, mass spectrometry data further elucidated specific transformation pathways. This comprehensive approach revealed key links between microbial community activity and DOM composition, reflecting preferences for certain DOM components and the influence of nutrient and light conditions. These findings emphasize the profound impacts of extreme weather events on estuarine carbon cycling and biogeochemical dynamics, offering critical insights into the resilience of coastal systems amid increasing climate variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino acid profile, fatty acid profile and status of non-essential trace metals of marketed bivalves from the Maowei Sea, China","authors":"Karsoon Tan ,&nbsp;Yu Hao ,&nbsp;Kun Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Zhou Wu ,&nbsp;Kit-Leong Cheong","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia) are an important source of animal protein for coastal communities. Given bivalves are typically stored at room conditions for a period to eliminate sand and undergo depuration before reaching consumers. Evaluation of the nutritional composition and contaminant levels in bivalves available in the markets can serve as an indicator of the quality of bivalves reaching consumers. In this context, this study assessed the protein and lipid nutritional quality, as well as non-essential trace metal content, of three commercially available bivalves (<em>Anadara granosa</em> (cockles), <em>Meretrix meretrix</em> (clam), and <em>Crassostrea hongkongesnsis</em> (oyster)) from the Maowei Sea, China. The findings of this study can provide consumers with clearer information on the nutritional quality and contaminant levels of market-sold bivalves from this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional digital reconstruction techniques for ex-situ structural complexity-dependent ecological research","authors":"Rinaldi Gotama ,&nbsp;Hei Nin Kwong ,&nbsp;Shing Yip Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangrove forests are integral components of tropical coastal ecosystems that provide numerous functions and services, which are derived from the three-dimensional structural complexity of the mangrove trees. However, experimental research regarding these functions have been limited by using simplistic replicas that bear little resemblance to true mangrove structures. Recently, improvements to 3D scanning technology have allowed quality reconstruction of complicated structures that makes realistic quantitative assessments possible. This study demonstrates the contrasting abilities of three technologies to scan mangrove structures of varying complexities at meter-scale. These tools, widely different in cost and usual application, utilize unique mechanisms for obtaining 3D objects: depth sensor in Microsoft Kinect, structure from motion photogrammetry, and lidar in GeoSLAM ZEB Revo RT. Each 3D scanning technique was able to reproduce digital models with relative accuracy and precision, albeit with individual strengths and limitations. Although Kinect remains as a reliable 3D scanner, the bulk of its accessories and sensitivity to sunlight hampered its use in routine field scanning. Photogrammetry reconstructed the most accurate mangrove tree structures, but was unable to reconstruct much of dense canopies and thin aerial roots that are characteristic of some species. ZEB Revo did not capture fine details essential in meter-scale mangrove tree structures, although its rapid and large-scale scanning capabilities make it valuable in mapping forest complexity and allows estimation of system attributes, e.g., blue carbon stock, at the forest scale. The potential for future applications of 3D printed mangrove models, especially in studying habitat use and animal behavior, was discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 109642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}