Exercise Immunology Review最新文献_第10页

Effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on exercise-induced muscular injury of rats. 补充辅酶Q10对大鼠运动性肌肉损伤的影响。

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2007-01-01

Michihiro Kon, Fuminori Kimura, Takayuki Akimoto, Kai Tanabe, Yosuke Murase, Sachiko Ikemune, Ichiro Kono

{"title":"Effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on exercise-induced muscular injury of rats.","authors":"Michihiro Kon, Fuminori Kimura, Takayuki Akimoto, Kai Tanabe, Yosuke Murase, Sachiko Ikemune, Ichiro Kono","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: We aimed to examine the effect of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on the exhaustive exercise-induced injury and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle and liver.Methods: Rats were divided into four groups: rest group [control (Con)-Rest; n = 6)], exercise group (Con-Ex; n = 6), rest group with CoQ10 supplement (CoQ10-Rest; n = 6), and exercise group with CoQ10 supplement (CoQ10-Ex; n = 6). The exercise groups were run on a treadmill until exhaustion. The CoQ10 supplemented groups received an oral administration of CoQ10 (300 mg kg(-1), 4 weeks). After 4 weeks, total CoQ concentration, creatine kinase (CK), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), malondialdehyde (MDA), scavenging activity against reactive oxygen species [ROS; superoxide anions (O2*-) and hydroxyl radicals (HO*)] were measured.Results: Total CoQ concentration in plasma, slow-twitch muscles (soleus and gastronemius deep portion), and liver were significantly increased by CoQ10 supplementation. Plasma CK was significantly higher in Con-Ex compared with Con-Rest, whereas there was no difference between CoQ10-Rest and CoQ10-Ex. There were no significant differences in muscle MDA in each group. Plasma GOT and liver MDA in exercise groups were significantly higher than that of rest groups, but not significantly different between CoQ10 supplemented groups and control groups. CoQ10 supplementation was not able to favorably influence ROS scavenging activity in skeletal muscle and liver.Conclusions: These data indicated that CoQ10 supplementation increased total CoQ concentration in the slow-twitch muscles, and was useful for reducing exhaustive exercise-induced muscular injury by enhancing stabilization of muscle cell membrane.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"13 ","pages":"76-88"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41066542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomarkers of exercise-induced myocardial stress in relation to inflammatory and oxidative stress. 运动诱导心肌应激与炎症和氧化应激相关的生物标志物。

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2007-01-01

Daniel König, Oliver Neubauer, Lukas Nics, Norbert Kern, Aloys Berg, Emmanuel Bisse, Karl-Heinz Wagner

{"title":"Biomarkers of exercise-induced myocardial stress in relation to inflammatory and oxidative stress.","authors":"Daniel König, Oliver Neubauer, Lukas Nics, Norbert Kern, Aloys Berg, Emmanuel Bisse, Karl-Heinz Wagner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Increased concentrations of biomarkers reflecting myocardial stress such as cardiac troponin I and T and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) have been observed following strenuous, long-lasting endurance exercise. The pathophysiological mechanisms are still not fully elucidated and the interpretations of increased post-exercise concentrations range from (i) evidence for exercise-induced myocardial damage to (ii) non-relevant spurious troponin elevations, presumably caused by assay imprecision or heterophilic antibodies. Several lines of evidence suggest that inflammatory processes or oxidative stress could be involved in the rise of NT-proBNP and Troponin observed in critically ill patients with sepsis or burn injury. We tested the hypothesis that inflammatory or oxidative stress is also responsible for exercise-induced cardiomyocyte strain in a large cohort of triathletes following an Ironman triathlon. However, the post-race increase in cardiac troponin T and NT-proBNP was not associated with several markers of exercise-induced inflammation, oxidative stress or antioxidant vitamins. Therefore, we clearly need more studies with other inflammatory markers and different designs to elucidate the scientific background for increases in myocardial stress markers following strenuous endurance events.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"13 ","pages":"15-36"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41067215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Airway inflammation and upper respiratory tract infection in athletes: is there a link? 运动员气道炎症和上呼吸道感染:有联系吗?

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2007-01-01

Stéphane Bermon

{"title":"Airway inflammation and upper respiratory tract infection in athletes: is there a link?","authors":"Stéphane Bermon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) is regarded as the most common medical condition affecting both highly trained and elite athletes, in particular those participating in endurance events. The causes of these disturbances, also occurring during training, remain unclear. Viruses such as rhinovirus, adenovirus and para-influenza virus are frequently reported as the source of URTI. However, in a few comprehensive laboratory and epidemiological studies which reported at least a 30% incidence of URTI, no identifiable pathogens were either reported or studied. A recent, longitudinal study investigated symptomatology and pathogenic etiology in sedentary controls, recreational and elite athletes. The highest incidence of URTI occurred in elite athletes. However; only 11 out of 37 illness episodes overall had pathogenic origins, and most of the unidentified upper respiratory illnesses were shorter in duration and less severe than infectious ones. This concept of inflammation without infection in athletes is quite new and leads us to consider other explanatory pathophysiological conditions. Increases in airway neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes have been described under resting conditions in endurance sports, swimmers and cross-country skiers. These inflammatory patterns may be due to pollutants or chlorine-related compounds in swimmers. After intense exercise similar airways cellular profiles have been reported, with a high amount of bronchial epithelial cells. This increase in airway inflammatory cells in athletes can result from a hyperventilation-induced increase in airway osmolarity stimulating bronchial epithelial cells to release chemotactic factors. Fortunately, in most cases, these inflammatory cells express rather low level of adhesion molecules, explaining why airway inflammation may appear blunted in athletes despite numerous inflammatory cellular elements. However it can be hypothesized that a transient loss of control of this local inflammation, due to various external physico-chemical strains, might occur. This might account for some of the unidentified upper respiratory illnesses.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"13 ","pages":"6-14"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41067214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exercise and Toll-like receptors. 运动和toll样受体。

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Michael Gleeson, Brian McFarlin, Michael Flynn

{"title":"Exercise and Toll-like receptors.","authors":"Michael Gleeson, Brian McFarlin, Michael Flynn","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are highly conserved trans-membrane proteins that play an important role in the detection and recognition of microbial pathogens. The key product of TLR signalling in antigen presenting cells is the production of inflammatory cytokines and proteins. The TLR pathway plays an important role in mediating whole body inflammation, which has been implicated in the development of chronic disease. An accumulation of chronic, low-grade inflammation is common in individuals that live a sedentary lifestyle; however, the mechanism underlying this connection is not fully understood. There is evidence to show that TLRs may be involved in the link between a sedentary lifestyle, inflammation, and disease. Recent studies have shown that both acute aerobic and chronic resistance exercise resulted in decreased monocyte cell-surface expression of TLRs. Furthermore, a period of chronic exercise training decreases both inflammatory cytokine production and the cell-surface expression of TLR4 on monocytes. These effects may contribute to post-exercise immunodepression and the reported higher susceptibility to infection in athletes. However over the long-term, a decrease in TLR expression may represent a beneficial effect because it decreases the inflammatory capacity of leukocytes, thus altering whole body chronic inflammation. The precise physiological stimulus mediating an exercise-induced decrease in cell-surface TLR expression is not known; however a number of possible signals have been implicated including anti-inflammatory cytokines, stress hormones and heat shock proteins.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"34-53"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26528847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moderate exercise early after influenza virus infection reduces the Th1 inflammatory response in lungs of mice. 流感病毒感染后早期适度运动可降低小鼠肺部的 Th1 炎症反应。

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Thomas Lowder, David A Padgett, Jeffrey A Woods

{"title":"Moderate exercise early after influenza virus infection reduces the Th1 inflammatory response in lungs of mice.","authors":"Thomas Lowder, David A Padgett, Jeffrey A Woods","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We have previously shown that moderate exercise significantly increased survival after influenza virus (A/PR/8/34) infection in mice. We hypothesized that this brief duration of exercise would either increase innate immune defences and/or shift the immune response from a Th1 inflammatory to a Th2 anti-inflammatory response resulting in decreased lung pathology. Adult male BALB/cByJ mice (5-6 months old) were infected with 50 microL of A/PR/8/34 virus (40HAU) intranasally and randomized to either an exercise (EX) or sedentary (SED) group. EX mice performed 20-30 min of moderate exercise (8-12 m/min) on a motorized treadmill 4 hr post-infection and then exercised similarly for 4 consecutive days. SED mice were exposed to similar environmental conditions but did not exercise. Mice from both EX and SED groups were sacrificed 1, 3, or 5 days post-infection (p.i.) and lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) and spleens were harvested. EX significantly reduced total cellular infiltration and IFN-gamma gene expression in lungs at Days 3 and 5 p.i. and there was a qualitative shift in the expression of cytokines in the lung from a Th1 to a Th2 response. There was also a tendency toward a reduction in influenza M1 protein mRNA expression. There was no difference in IFN-beta protein levels between groups. These data suggest that moderate exercise when applied early after infection shifts the immune response away from a Th1 profile in mice infected with influenza virus. This exercise-induced shift in immune response may be responsible for improved survival after influenza virus infection.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"97-111"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26469746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of immediate early gene expression by exercise: short cuts for the adaptation of immune function. 运动对早期基因表达的调控:免疫功能适应的捷径。

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Perikles Simon, Elvira Fehrenbach, Andreas M Niess

引用次数: 0

Interleukin-6 in acute exercise and training: what is the biological relevance? 急性运动和训练中的白细胞介素-6:生物学相关性是什么?

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Christian P Fischer

{"title":"Interleukin-6 in acute exercise and training: what is the biological relevance?","authors":"Christian P Fischer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"It is now recognized that contracting skeletal muscle may synthesize and release interleukin-6 (IL-6) into the interstitium as well as into the systemic circulation in response to a bout of exercise. Although several sources of IL-6 have been demonstrated, contracting muscles contributes to most of the IL-6 present in the circulation in response to exercise. The magnitude of the exercise-induced IL-6 response is dependent on intensity and especially duration of the exercise, while the mode of exercise has little effect. Several mechanisms may link muscle contractions to IL-6 synthesis: Changes in calcium homeostasis, impaired glucose availability, and increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are all capable of activating transcription factors known to regulate IL-6 synthesis. Via its effects on liver, adipose tissue, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and leukocytes, IL-6 may modulate the immunological and metabolic response to exercise. However, prolonged exercise involving a significant muscle mass in the contractile activity is necessary in order to produce a marked systemic IL-6 response. Furthermore, exercise training may reduce basal IL-6 production as well as the magnitude of the acute exercise IL-6 response by counteracting several potential stimuli of IL-6. Accordingly, a decreased plasma IL-6 concentration at rest as well as in response to exercise appears to characterize normal training adaptation.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"6-33"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26528846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Systemic inflammatory responses to maximal versus submaximal lengthening contractions of the elbow flexors. 肘关节屈肌最大与次最大延长收缩的全身炎症反应。

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Jonathan M Peake, Kazunori Nosaka, Makii Muthalib, Katsuhiko Suzuki

{"title":"Systemic inflammatory responses to maximal versus submaximal lengthening contractions of the elbow flexors.","authors":"Jonathan M Peake, Kazunori Nosaka, Makii Muthalib, Katsuhiko Suzuki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We compared changes in markers of muscle damage and systemic inflammation after submaximal and maximal lengthening muscle contractions of the elbow flexors. Using a cross-over design, 10 healthy young men not involved in resistance training completed a submaximal trial (10 sets of 60 lengthening contractions at 10% maximum isometric strength, 1 min rest between sets), followed by a maximal trial (10 sets of three lengthening contractions at 100% maximum isometric strength, 3 min rest between sets). Lengthening contractions were performed on an isokinetic dynamometer. Opposite arms were used for the submaximal and maximal trials, and the trials were separated by a minimum of two weeks. Blood was sampled before, immediately after, 1 h, 3 h, and 1-4 d after each trial. Total leukocyte and neutrophil numbers, and the serum concentration of soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor 1 were elevated after both trials (P < 0.01), but there were no differences between the trials. Serum IL-6 concentration was elevated 3 h after the submaximal contractions (P < 0.01). The concentrations of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-10, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and plasma C-reactive protein remained unchanged following both trials. Maximum isometric strength and range of motion decreased significantly (P < 0.001) after both trials, and were lower from 1-4 days after the maximal contractions compared to the submaximal contractions. Plasma myoglobin concentration and creatine kinase activity, muscle soreness and upper arm circumference all increased after both trials (P < 0.01), but were not significantly different between the trials. Therefore, there were no differences in markers of systemic inflammation, despite evidence of greater muscle damage following maximal versus submaximal lengthening contractions of the elbow flexors.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"72-85"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26528849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunostimulatory functions of membrane-bound and exported heat shock protein 70. 膜结合和输出热休克蛋白70的免疫刺激功能。

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2005-01-01

Jürgen Radons, Gabriele Multhoff

{"title":"Immunostimulatory functions of membrane-bound and exported heat shock protein 70.","authors":"Jürgen Radons, Gabriele Multhoff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In the search for tumor-specific antigens, microbial and eukaryotic heat shock proteins (HSP) have been identified. Intracellularly, HSPs function as molecular chaperones supporting folding and transport of a great variety of polypeptides and proteins under normal physiological conditions and following stress stimuli. Furthermore, interferon-gamma and elevated body temperature induced by exercise have been found to increase serum levels of HSPs in humans. Extracellularly localized or plasma membrane-bound HSPs elicit a potent anti-cancer immune response mediated either by the adaptive or innate immune system. Following uptake of HSP (HSP70 and gp96)-peptide complexes by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and \"cross-presentation\" of HSP-chaperoned peptides on MHC class I molecules, a CD8-specific T cell response is induced. Apart from chaperoning tumor-specific peptides, HSPs per se provide activatory signals for the innate immune system. Binding of peptide-free HSP70 to APCs via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and thus results in a broad non-specific immunostimulation. An unusual membrane localization of Hsp70, the major heat-inducible member of the HSP70 family, on tumor cells but not on corresponding normal tissues was found to act as a tumor-specific recognition structure for natural killer (NK) cells. Soluble as well as cell membrane-bound HSP70 can directly activate the cytolytic and migratory capacity of NK cells. APCs and tumor cells actively release HSP70s in lipid vesicles with biophysical properties of exosomes. These HSP70-presenting exosomes are thought to stimulate the adaptive and innate immune system in vivo. Taken together, depending on their intra/extracellular localization, peptide loading status, origin and route of application, HSPs either exert immune activation as danger signals in cancer immunity or protect cells from lethal damage induced by exogenous stress stimuli.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"11 ","pages":"17-33"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25777597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paediatric exercise immunology: health and clinical applications. 小儿运动免疫学:健康与临床应用。

IF 7.3 4区医学

Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2005-01-01

Brian W Timmons

{"title":"Paediatric exercise immunology: health and clinical applications.","authors":"Brian W Timmons","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Considerable advances have been made in exercise immunology over the last two decades, and it is becoming evident that many of the health benefits of regular physical activity may be directly related to activation of the immune system. The number of investigations devoted to the paediatric population, however, remains low, and our understanding of the interaction between acute and chronic exercise and the immune system in youth is, therefore, relatively deficient. The purpose of this review is to disseminate the existing knowledge in the area of paediatric exercise immunology and to discuss growth-related issues with respect to exercise and the immune system in health and disease. In general, healthy children experience smaller overall perturbations to the immune system in response to an acute bout of exercise, and demonstrate a faster recovery of the immune system following exercise. The immune effects of chronic exercise and/or exercise training in healthy children and adolescents have not been well-documented, and there is only limited evidence to suggest that moderate to high levels of habitual physical activity are associated with a reduction in the incidence of infection and illness in youth. A number of paediatric clinical conditions expressing a strong immune component are also discussed in the context of acute exercise effects and the potential benefits of enhanced physical activity. Given the linkage between childhood health and adult disease, paediatric exercise immunology represents a fruitful area for future study.","PeriodicalId":50468,"journal":{"name":"Exercise Immunology Review","volume":"11 ","pages":"108-44"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25777534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0