Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine最新文献_第8页

Autophagic mechanisms in longevity intervention: role of natural active compounds. 自噬机制在长寿干预:天然活性化合物的作用。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.5

Kevser Taban Akça, İlknur Çınar Ayan, Sümeyra Çetinkaya, Ece Miser Salihoğlu, İpek Süntar

{"title":"Autophagic mechanisms in longevity intervention: role of natural active compounds.","authors":"Kevser Taban Akça, İlknur Çınar Ayan, Sümeyra Çetinkaya, Ece Miser Salihoğlu, İpek Süntar","doi":"10.1017/erm.2023.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2023.5","url":null,"abstract":"The term 'autophagy' literally translates to 'self-eating' and alterations to autophagy have been identified as one of the several molecular changes that occur with aging in a variety of species. Autophagy and aging, have a complicated and multifaceted relationship that has recently come to light thanks to breakthroughs in our understanding of the various substrates of autophagy on tissue homoeostasis. Several studies have been conducted to reveal the relationship between autophagy and age-related diseases. The present review looks at a few new aspects of autophagy and speculates on how they might be connected to both aging and the onset and progression of disease. Additionally, we go over the most recent preclinical data supporting the use of autophagy modulators as age-related illnesses including cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic dysfunction. It is crucial to discover important targets in the autophagy pathway in order to create innovative therapies that effectively target autophagy. Natural products have pharmacological properties that can be therapeutically advantageous for the treatment of several diseases and they also serve as valuable sources of inspiration for the development of possible new small-molecule drugs. Indeed, recent scientific studies have shown that several natural products including alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and phenolics, have the ability to alter a number of important autophagic signalling pathways and exert therapeutic effects, thus, a wide range of potential targets in various stages of autophagy have been discovered. In this review, we summarised the naturally occurring active compounds that may control the autophagic signalling pathways.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":"25 ","pages":"e13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10407225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9953628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MicroRNAs in cancer metastasis: biological and therapeutic implications. microrna在癌症转移中的生物学和治疗意义。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.7

Marie Sell, Charmaine A Ramlogan-Steel, Jason C Steel, Bijay P Dhungel

引用次数: 3

Telomerase inhibition in malignant gliomas: a systematic review. 端粒酶抑制在恶性胶质瘤中的作用：一项系统综述。

IF 4.5 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.6

Quintino Giorgio D'Alessandris, Marco Battistelli, Giovanni Pennisi, Martina Offi, Maurizio Martini, Tonia Cenci, Maria Laura Falchetti, Liverana Lauretti, Alessandro Olivi, Roberto Pallini, Nicola Montano

{"title":"Telomerase inhibition in malignant gliomas: a systematic review.","authors":"Quintino Giorgio D'Alessandris, Marco Battistelli, Giovanni Pennisi, Martina Offi, Maurizio Martini, Tonia Cenci, Maria Laura Falchetti, Liverana Lauretti, Alessandro Olivi, Roberto Pallini, Nicola Montano","doi":"10.1017/erm.2023.6","DOIUrl":"10.1017/erm.2023.6","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent adult malignant brain tumour and despite different therapeutic efforts, the median overall survival still ranges from 14 to 18 months. Thus, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. However, the identification of cancer-specific targets is particularly challenging in GBM, due to the high heterogeneity of this tumour in terms of histopathological, molecular, genetic and epigenetic features. Telomerase reactivation is a hallmark of malignant glioma. An activating mutation of the hTERT gene, encoding for the active subunit of telomerase, is one of the molecular criteria to establish a diagnosis of GBM, IDH-wildtype, in the 2021 WHO classification of central nervous system tumours. Telomerase inhibition therefore represents, at least theoretically, a promising strategy for GBM therapy: pharmacological compounds, as well as direct gene expression modulation therapies, have been successfully employed in in vitro and in vivo settings. Unfortunately, the clinical applications of telomerase inhibition in GBM are currently scarce. The aim of the present systematic review is to provide an up-to-date report on the studies investigating telomerase inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for malignant glioma in order to foster the future translational and clinical research on this topic.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":"25 ","pages":"e10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9292208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identity matters: cancer stem cells and tumour plasticity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. 身份问题:头颈部鳞状细胞癌的癌症干细胞和肿瘤可塑性。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-06 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.4

Abdelhakim Salem, Tuula Salo

引用次数: 2

Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy or combined with other small molecule-targeted agents in ovarian cancer. 免疫检查点抑制剂单药或联合其他小分子靶向药物治疗卵巢癌的疗效。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-24 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.3

Munawaer Muaibati, Abasi Abuduyilimu, Tao Zhang, Yun Dai, Ruyuan Li, Fanwei Huang, Kexin Li, Qing Tong, Xiaoyuan Huang, Liang Zhuang

{"title":"Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy or combined with other small molecule-targeted agents in ovarian cancer.","authors":"Munawaer Muaibati, Abasi Abuduyilimu, Tao Zhang, Yun Dai, Ruyuan Li, Fanwei Huang, Kexin Li, Qing Tong, Xiaoyuan Huang, Liang Zhuang","doi":"10.1017/erm.2023.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2023.3","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian cancer is the most lethal female reproductive system tumour. Despite the great advances in surgery and systemic chemotherapy over the past two decades, almost all patients in stages III and IV relapse and develop resistance to chemotherapy after first-line treatment. Ovarian cancer has an extraordinarily complex immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment in which immune checkpoints negatively regulate T cells activation and weaken antitumour immune responses by delivering immunosuppressive signals. Therefore, inhibition of immune checkpoints can break down the state of immunosuppression. Indeed, Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised the therapeutic landscape of many solid tumours. However, ICIs have yielded modest benefits in ovarian cancer. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic basis of the immune checkpoints is needed to improve the efficacy of ICIs in ovarian cancer. In this review, we systematically introduce the mechanisms and expression of immune checkpoints in ovarian cancer. Moreover, this review summarises recent updates regarding ICI monotherapy or combined with other small-molecule-targeted agents in ovarian cancer.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":"25 ","pages":"e6"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10826404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autophagy of naïve CD4⁺ T cells in aging - the role of body adiposity and physical fitness. naïve CD4+ T细胞的自噬在衰老中的作用——身体肥胖和身体健康。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-19 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.2

Camila S Padilha, Mehdi Kushkestani, Liliana P Baptista, Karsten Krüger, Fábio Santos Lira

{"title":"Autophagy of naïve CD4+ T cells in aging - the role of body adiposity and physical fitness.","authors":"Camila S Padilha, Mehdi Kushkestani, Liliana P Baptista, Karsten Krüger, Fábio Santos Lira","doi":"10.1017/erm.2023.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2023.2","url":null,"abstract":"Life expectancy has increased exponentially in the last century accompanied by disability, poor quality of life, and all-cause mortality in older age due to the high prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in older people. Biologically, the aging process reduces the cell's metabolic and functional efficiency, and disrupts the cell's anabolic and catabolic homeostasis, predisposing older people to many dysfunctional conditions such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and diabetes. In the immune system, aging also alters cells' metabolic and functional efficiency, a process known as 'immunosenescence', where cells become more broadly inflammatory and their functionality is altered. Notably, autophagy, the conserved and important cellular process that maintains the cell's efficiency and functional homeostasis may protect the immune system from age-associated dysfunctional changes by regulating cell death in activated CD4+ T cells. This regulatory process increases the delivery of the dysfunctional cytoplasmic material to lysosomal degradation while increasing cytokine production, proliferation, and differentiation of CD4+ T cell-mediated immune responses. Poor proliferation and diminished responsiveness to cytokines appear to be ubiquitous features of aged T cells and may explain the delayed peak in T cell expansion and cytotoxic activity commonly observed in the 'immunosenescence' phenotype in the elderly. On the other hand, physical exercise stimulates the expression of crucial nutrient sensors and inhibits the mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling cascade which increases autophagic activity in cells. Therefore, in this perspective review, we will first contextualize the overall view of the autophagy process and then, we will discuss how body adiposity and physical fitness may counteract autophagy in naïve CD4+ T cells in aging.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":"25 ","pages":"e9"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9482639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lactate, histone lactylation and cancer hallmarks. 乳酸、组蛋白乳酸化和癌症标志。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.42

Xinyu Lv, Yingying Lv, Xiaofeng Dai

引用次数: 9

Precision medicine for long QT syndrome: patient-specific iPSCs take the lead. 长QT综合征的精准医疗:患者特异性iPSCs领先。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.43

Yang Yu, Isabelle Deschenes, Ming-Tao Zhao

{"title":"Precision medicine for long QT syndrome: patient-specific iPSCs take the lead.","authors":"Yang Yu, Isabelle Deschenes, Ming-Tao Zhao","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.43","url":null,"abstract":"Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a detrimental arrhythmia syndrome mainly caused by dysregulated expression or aberrant function of ion channels. The major clinical symptoms of ventricular arrhythmia, palpitations and syncope vary among LQTS subtypes. Susceptibility to malignant arrhythmia is a result of delayed repolarisation of the cardiomyocyte action potential (AP). There are 17 distinct subtypes of LQTS linked to 15 autosomal dominant genes with monogenic mutations. However, due to the presence of modifier genes, the identical mutation may result in completely different clinical manifestations in different carriers. In this review, we describe the roles of various ion channels in orchestrating APs and discuss molecular aetiologies of various types of LQTS. We highlight the usage of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models in characterising fundamental mechanisms associated with LQTS. To mitigate the outcomes of LQTS, treatment strategies are initially focused on small molecules targeting ion channel activities. Next-generation treatments will reap the benefits from development of LQTS patient-specific iPSC platform, which is bolstered by the state-of-the-art technologies including whole-genome sequencing, CRISPR genome editing and machine learning. Deep phenotyping and high-throughput drug testing using LQTS patient-specific cardiomyocytes herald the upcoming precision medicine in LQTS.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":"25 ","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/57/c1/S1462399422000436a.PMC10302164.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9707738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Modelling Alzheimer's disease using human brain organoids: current progress and challenges. 用人脑类器官模拟阿尔茨海默病:目前的进展和挑战。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.40

Mario Yanakiev, Olivia Soper, Daniel A Berg, Eunchai Kang

{"title":"Modelling Alzheimer's disease using human brain organoids: current progress and challenges.","authors":"Mario Yanakiev, Olivia Soper, Daniel A Berg, Eunchai Kang","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.40","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by gradual memory loss and declining cognitive and executive functions. AD is the most common cause of dementia, affecting more than 50 million people worldwide, and is a major health concern in society. Despite decades of research, the cause of AD is not well understood and there is no effective curative treatment so far. Therefore, there is an urgent need to increase understanding of AD pathophysiology in the hope of developing a much-needed cure. Dissecting the cellular and molecular mechanisms of AD pathogenesis has been challenging as the most commonly used model systems such as transgenic animals and two-dimensional neuronal culture do not fully recapitulate the pathological hallmarks of AD. The recent advent of three-dimensional human brain organoids confers unique opportunities to study AD in a humanised model system by encapsulating many aspects of AD pathology. In the present review, we summarise the studies of AD using human brain organoids that recapitulate the major pathological components of AD including amyloid-β and tau aggregation, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and synaptic and circuitry dysregulation. Additionally, the current challenges and future directions of the brain organoids modelling system are discussed.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":"25 ","pages":"e3"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10741425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Oral microbiota in cancer: could the bad guy turn good with application of polyphenols? 口腔微生物群在癌症中的作用:多酚的应用能让坏家伙变好吗?

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.39

Mariya Gover Antoniraj, Kasi Pandima Devi, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe, Seyed Fazel Nabavi, Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani, Safieh Aghaabdollahian, Farzaneh Afkhami, Philippe Jeandet, Zahra Lorigooini, Maryam Khayatkashani, Seyed Mohammad Nabavi

{"title":"Oral microbiota in cancer: could the bad guy turn good with application of polyphenols?","authors":"Mariya Gover Antoniraj, Kasi Pandima Devi, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe, Seyed Fazel Nabavi, Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani, Safieh Aghaabdollahian, Farzaneh Afkhami, Philippe Jeandet, Zahra Lorigooini, Maryam Khayatkashani, Seyed Mohammad Nabavi","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.39","url":null,"abstract":"The human oral cavity is comprised of dynamic and polynomial microbes which uniquely reside in the microenvironments of oral cavities. The cumulative functions of the symbiotic microbial communities maintain normal homeostasis; however, a shifted microbiota yields a dysbiosis state, which produces local and systemic diseases including dental caries, periodontitis, cancer, obesity and diabetes. Recent research reports claim that an association occurs between oral dysbiosis and the progression of different types of cancers including oral, gastric and pancreatic ones. Different mechanisms are proposed for the development of cancer, such as induction of inflammatory reactions, production of carcinogenic materials and alteration of the immune system. Medications are available to treat these associated diseases; however, the current strategies may further worsen the disease by unwanted side effects. Natural-derived polyphenol molecules significantly inhibit a wide range of systemic diseases with fewer side effects. In this review, we have displayed the functions of the oral microbes and we have extended the report regarding the role of polyphenols in oral microbiota to maintain healthy conditions and prevention of diseases with emphasis on the treatment of oral microbiota-associated cancer.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":"25 ","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10506426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0