Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine最新文献_第10页

Non-invasive molecular biomarkers for predicting outcomes of micro-TESE in patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia 用于预测特发性非阻塞性无精子症患者微tese预后的非侵入性分子生物标志物

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.17

D. Tang, Kuokuo Li, Xiaojin He, Yan Zhang, Yunxia Cao

{"title":"Non-invasive molecular biomarkers for predicting outcomes of micro-TESE in patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia","authors":"D. Tang, Kuokuo Li, Xiaojin He, Yan Zhang, Yunxia Cao","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.17","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), the most severe type of male infertility, affects approximately 1% of men worldwide. However, the aetiology of most NOA cases is not definite, that is defined as idiopathic NOA (INOA), posing a clinical conundrum worldwide. Most of these patients must receive donor sperm treatment until the emergence of microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE). Although this procedure has recently become a promising treatment for INOA, the low sperm retrieval rate and testicular trauma have prompted us to explore appropriate non-invasive molecular biomarkers to predict the outcomes of sperm recovery preoperatively. Previous studies have identified a spectrum of biomarkers to address this challenging issue at various levels in different tissues, such as DNAs, RNAs, protein and steroid levels in the blood and seminal fluid. To better understand and assess the predictive values of diverse molecular biomarkers from different tissues on the outcome of sperm retrieval by micro-TESE in patients with INOA, we summarised recent findings and discussed the potential applications of these methods. The ultimate goal of this study was to provide references for further studies and clinical management.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43233737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Reduced melatonin levels may facilitate glioblastoma initiation in the subventricular zone 褪黑激素水平降低可能促进室下区胶质母细胞瘤的发生

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.15

Majid Ghareghani, K. Zibara, R. Reiter, S. Rivest

{"title":"Reduced melatonin levels may facilitate glioblastoma initiation in the subventricular zone","authors":"Majid Ghareghani, K. Zibara, R. Reiter, S. Rivest","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is increasing evidence that glioblastoma, a highly aggressive brain tumour, originates from a neural stem cell (NSC) located in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral cerebral ventricle. Using the most advanced in vivo imaging techniques, Gengatharan and colleagues recently identified a day/night difference in the adult SVZ-NSC division. They reported that the circadian melatonin rhythm and its receptor control the day/night difference in NSC division with high mitotic activity during the day and low activity at night. Expression of melatonin and its receptor diminishes during ageing, which eliminates the regulatory effect of melatonin on NSC mitosis. Moreover, the circadian melatonin rhythm is dampened by light-at-night with the potential of altering the circadian mitotic cycle of NSC in the SVZ. Also, men with a lower melatonin amplitude than women exhibit a 60% higher rate of glioblastoma incidence. Given that ageing contributes significantly to glioblastoma initiation and progression, we suggest that the decline in circadian melatonin synthesis and release as well as its receptors in the SVZ, which also diminish with an ageing act in concert with other factors to facilitate glioblastoma initiation and growth.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48019151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Exploring hypoxic biology to improve radiotherapy outcomes 探索缺氧生物学改善放疗效果

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.14

Chun Li, Lucy Wiseman, Ene Okoh, Michael J Lind, R. Roy, A. Beavis, Isabel M. Pires

{"title":"Exploring hypoxic biology to improve radiotherapy outcomes","authors":"Chun Li, Lucy Wiseman, Ene Okoh, Michael J Lind, R. Roy, A. Beavis, Isabel M. Pires","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ionising radiotherapy is a well-established, effective cancer treatment modality, whose efficacy has improved with the application of newer technological modalities. However, patient outcomes are governed and potentially limited by aspects of tumour biology that are associated with radioresistance. Patients also still endure treatment-associated toxicities owed to the action of ionising radiation in normoxic tissue adjacent to the tumour mass. Tumour hypoxia is recognised as a key component of the tumour microenvironment and is well established as leading to therapy resistance and poor prognosis. In this review, we outline the current understanding of hypoxia-mediated radiotherapy resistance, before exploring targeting tumour hypoxia for radiotherapy sensitisation to improve treatment outcomes and increase the therapeutic window. This includes increasing oxygen availability in solid tumours, the use of hypoxia-activated prodrugs, targeting of hypoxia-regulated or associated signalling pathways, as well as the use of high-LET radiotherapy modalities. Ultimately, targeting hypoxic radiobiology combined with precise radiotherapy delivery modalities and modelling should be associated with improvement to patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43629722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Immunopathogenesis of patients with COVID-19: from the perspective of immune system 'evolution' and 'revolution'. COVID-19患者的免疫发病机制:从免疫系统“进化”与“革命”的角度

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.12

Dan Lv, Bai Hu, Xingguang Lin, Renjie Wang, Di Wu, Rui Long, Mengzhou He, ShuJie Liao, Dongrui Deng

{"title":"Immunopathogenesis of patients with COVID-19: from the perspective of immune system 'evolution' and 'revolution'.","authors":"Dan Lv, Bai Hu, Xingguang Lin, Renjie Wang, Di Wu, Rui Long, Mengzhou He, ShuJie Liao, Dongrui Deng","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is sweeping the world, threatening millions of lives and drastically altering our ways of living. According to current studies, failure to either activate or eliminate inflammatory responses timely and properly at certain stages could result in the progression of the disease. In other words, robust immune responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are critical. However, they do not theoretically present in some special groups of people, including the young, the aged, patients with autoimmunity or cancer. Differences also do occur between men and women. Our immune system evolves to ensure delicate coordination at different stages of life. The innate immune cells mainly consisted of myeloid lineage cells, including neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, dendritic cells and mast cells; they possess phagocytic capacity to different degrees at different stages of life. They are firstly recruited upon infection and may activate the adaptive immunity when needed. The adaptive immune cells, on the other way, are comprised mainly of lymphoid lineages. As one grows up, the adaptive immunity matures and expands its memory repertoire, accompanied by an adjustment in quantity and quality. In this review, we would summarise and analyse the immunological characteristics of these groups from the perspective of the immune system 'evolution' as well as 'revolution' that has been studied and speculated so far, which would aid the comprehensive understanding of COVID-19 and personalised-treatment strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":"24 ","pages":"e19"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9884756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10662823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Tumour-associated macrophages heterogeneity drives resistance to clinical therapy. 肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的异质性导致对临床治疗的耐药性。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.8

Shuangshuang Guo, Xiaojing Chen, Chuhong Guo, Wei Wang

引用次数: 9

Systematic review of preterm birth multi-omic biomarker studies. 早产儿多组学生物标志物研究的系统回顾。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.13

Juhi K Gupta, Ana Alfirevic

引用次数: 0

Cancer mutation profiles predict ICIs efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer 癌症突变谱预测ICIs在非小细胞肺癌患者中的疗效

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.9

Liping Zhu, D. Ye, Tian-Run Lei, Jie Wu, Wei Wang, Bin Xu

{"title":"Cancer mutation profiles predict ICIs efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Liping Zhu, D. Ye, Tian-Run Lei, Jie Wu, Wei Wang, Bin Xu","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have produced remarkable responses in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, receivers still have a relatively low response rate. Initial response assessment by conventional imaging and evaluation criteria is often unable to identify whether patients can achieve durable clinical benefit from ICIs. Overall, there are sparse effective biomarkers identified to screen NSCLC patients responding to this therapy. A lot of studies have reported that patients with specific gene mutations may benefit from or resist to immunotherapy. However, the single gene mutation may be not effective enough to predict the benefit from immunotherapy for patients. With the advancement in sequencing technology, further studies indicate that many mutations often co-occur and suggest a drastic transformation of tumour microenvironment phenotype. Moreover, co-mutation events have been reported to synergise to activate or suppress signalling pathways of anti-tumour immune response, which also indicates a potential target for combining intervention. Thus, the different mutation profile (especially co-mutation) of patients may be an important concern for predicting or promoting the efficacy of ICIs. However, there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge of this field until now. Therefore, in this study, we reviewed and elaborated the value of cancer mutation profile in predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy and analysed the underlying mechanisms, to provide an alternative way for screening dominant groups, and thereby, optimising individualised therapy for NSCLC patients.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48261854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Key biological mechanisms involved in high-LET radiation therapies with a focus on DNA damage and repair 高let放射治疗的关键生物学机制，重点是DNA损伤和修复

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.6

Z. Nikitaki, A. Velalopoulou, Vassiliki Zanni, Ioanna Tremi, S. Havaki, M. Kokkoris, V. Gorgoulis, C. Koumenis, A. Georgakilas

{"title":"Key biological mechanisms involved in high-LET radiation therapies with a focus on DNA damage and repair","authors":"Z. Nikitaki, A. Velalopoulou, Vassiliki Zanni, Ioanna Tremi, S. Havaki, M. Kokkoris, V. Gorgoulis, C. Koumenis, A. Georgakilas","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract DNA damage and repair studies are at the core of the radiation biology field and represent also the fundamental principles informing radiation therapy (RT). DNA damage levels are a function of radiation dose, whereas the type of damage and biological effects such as DNA damage complexity, depend on radiation quality that is linear energy transfer (LET). Both levels and types of DNA damage determine cell fate, which can include necrosis, apoptosis, senescence or autophagy. Herein, we present an overview of current RT modalities in the light of DNA damage and repair with emphasis on medium to high-LET radiation. Proton radiation is discussed along with its new adaptation of FLASH RT. RT based on α-particles includes brachytherapy and nuclear-RT, that is proton-boron capture therapy (PBCT) and boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT). We also discuss carbon ion therapy along with combinatorial immune-based therapies and high-LET RT. For each RT modality, we summarise relevant DNA damage studies. Finally, we provide an update of the role of DNA repair in high-LET RT and we explore the biological responses triggered by differential LET and dose.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41913109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Importance of radiobiological studies for the advancement of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) 放射生物学研究对推进硼中子俘获治疗的重要性

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.7

A. Monti Hughes

{"title":"Importance of radiobiological studies for the advancement of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT)","authors":"A. Monti Hughes","doi":"10.1017/erm.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a tumour selective particle radiotherapy, based on the administration of boron carriers incorporated preferentially by tumour cells, followed by irradiation with a thermal or epithermal neutron beam. BNCT clinical results to date show therapeutic efficacy, associated with an improvement in patient quality of life and prolonged survival. Translational research in adequate experimental models is necessary to optimise BNCT for different pathologies. This review recapitulates some examples of BNCT radiobiological studies for different pathologies and clinical scenarios, strategies to optimise boron targeting, enhance BNCT therapeutic effect and minimise radiotoxicity. It also describes the radiobiological mechanisms induced by BNCT, and the importance of the detection of biomarkers to monitor and predict the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of BNCT alone or combined with other strategies. Besides, there is a brief comment on the introduction of accelerator-based neutron sources in BNCT. These sources would expand the clinical BNCT services to more patients, and would help to make BNCT a standard treatment modality for various types of cancer. Radiobiological BNCT studies have been of utmost importance to make progress in BNCT, being essential to design novel, safe and effective clinical BNCT protocols.","PeriodicalId":50462,"journal":{"name":"Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47777005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Update on the role of extracellular vesicles in rheumatoid arthritis. 细胞外囊泡在类风湿关节炎中的作用的最新进展。

IF 6.2 2区医学

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2021.33

Hai-Bing Miao, Fang Wang, Shu Lin, Zhen Chen

引用次数: 13