El Profesional de la información最新文献

{"title":"Polarización política y medios de comunicación, su impacto en la democracia y en la sociedad","authors":"Salomé Berrocal-Gonzalo, Silvio Waisbord, Salvador Gómez-García","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.22","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo examina la relación entre la polarización política y los medios de comunicación en la sociedad contemporánea. La polarización se ha convertido en un fenómeno prevalente en muchos países, caracterizado por la creciente división de opiniones y actitudes extremas entre diferentes grupos políticos. Los medios de comunicación, como actores clave en la difusión de información y la formación de la opinión pública, desempeñan un papel fundamental en la perpetuación o mitigación de este proceso. Este trabajo presenta una conceptualización del fenómeno y examina su vinculación con la situación mediática, estableciendo su origen y también sus consecuencias: la segmentación de audiencias, el sensacionalismo o el sesgo mediático. Asimismo, se realiza una aproximación a la inteligencia artificial, el análisis de datos, la personalización de los mensajes, los chatbots o los algoritmos como agentes influyentes en el crecimiento de la polarización política. Los efectos de la polarización afectan a la sociedad en su consumo de medios y al propio funcionamiento de la democracia. La fragmentación informativa, la creciente desconfianza hacia los medios, el absentismo en la vida política son algunas de las consecuencias más significativas. De ahí que en este artículo se aborden las posibles soluciones y estrategias para fomentar un discurso público más constructivo y menos polarizado.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"24 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wikipedia gender gap: a scoping review","authors":"Núria Ferran-Ferrer, Juan-José Boté-Vericad, Julià Minguillón","doi":"10.3145/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.17","url":null,"abstract":"In this scoping review, we portray an examination of the gender gap on Wikipedia by analyzing scholarly literature from 2007 to 2022. Employing quantitative methods, the study identifies key author characteristics such as gender, disciplines, countries, and institutions. The research reveals a slight majority of female authors, followed by male authors, with limited representation from non-binary authors. Qualitatively, content analysis uncovers two central themes: addressing the contribution gap and incorporating content related to underrepresented genders. Additionally, the study assesses results on the content gap, editing and participation bias, readership imbalances, and strategies to mitigate the gender gap. Furthermore, it explores the repercussions of this gap and categorizes the contributing factors as “the women’s problem,” “the mirror effect,” and “the systemic problem.” Overall, this comprehensive review enhances our comprehension of the Wikipedia gender gap and provides valuable insights into the research landscape in this domain.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Types of discourse disseminated by food influencers: Trends on Instagram in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom","authors":"Paula Von-Polheim, Lorena Cano-Orón, Empar Vengut-Climent","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.18","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the discourse of nutrition influencers on Instagram within five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom) during 2021. The research aims to analyse the visual and textual content disseminated by these influencers and compare the predominant narratives among them. The corpus consists of 98 food influencers, and computer vision networks were employed to analyse visual discourse, linguistic analysis software for text analysis, and quantitative and qualitative methods to analyse hashtags. While promoting global trends (such as vegetable juices or bowls made with natural and unprocessed cereals, nuts, and fruits) to a lesser extent, influencers from the five countries highlight traditional food from their respective cultures in their visual discourse. The predominant discourse in all countries promotes the need for physical change through exercise and nutrition, sometimes fostering a diet culture. Sports and fitness are present in the discourse of influencers from these five countries, predominantly emphasising weight loss, muscle gain, and sports training with specific diets. Sports plays a significant role, with a preponderance of photographs depicting physical transformations and the promotion of food products and sports brands through inspiring images. Spain stands out in this regard as having the most images showing physical changes, especially in women. Although no evidence has been discovered to suggest that the sponsorship of unhealthy foods affects consumers’ preferences for them, the results show the widespread promotion of diet-related goods and foods. Notably, the real food movement was not emphasized in this extensive data analysis.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Archaeological research in Catalonia: projects 2014-2022","authors":"Sabina Batlle-Baró, Ernest Abadal","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.19","url":null,"abstract":"When trying to understand the development of a scientific field, analysing its capacity of funding attraction is key; in this sense, the study of archaeological research in Catalonia has often been neglected. To address this gap, in this study we examine the funding landscape of Catalan archaeology research by collecting data from public calls during the period of 2014-2022. Our objective is to provide a thorough descriptive analysis that delineates the trajectory of archaeological research funding in Catalonia, thus enhancing our understanding of its current status. Our findings reveal the impact of the 2008 economic recession during the first half of the period, followed by a gradual recovery and a slow increase of the funding from 2019 onwards. However, it is not until 2021 that it will equal or surpass pre-recession levels. Prehistory emerges as the chronocultural period predominantly studied in projects, with a primary focus on site and territory studies, particularly within the Catalan, Spanish and Mediterranean contexts. Most of the projects are financed by the programmes of the Department of Culture of the autonomous government of Catalonia, although the largest volume of financing comes from European research calls. Our research identifies three universities (Universitat de Barcelona [UB], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [UAB], and Universitat Pompeu Fabra [UPF]) and two research centres (Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social [IPHES] and Institut Català d’Arqueologia Clàssica [ICAC]) as the primary contributors to archaeological research in Catalonia. Finally, we emphasize the pivotal role of the latter in fostering archaeological research scene in Catalonia.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139180512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actitudes de los editores de revistas académicas brasileñas hacia la revisión por pares abierta (open peer review). Una encuesta","authors":"L. D. Silveira, Remedios Melero, Sônia Elisa Caregnato, Ernest Abadal","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.20","url":null,"abstract":"Open review is one of the components of open science that scientific journals are incorporating in their editorial processes. In contrast to open access to literature and research data, open review still raises many doubts and concerns among the involved parties (editors, reviewers and authors). This article aims to analyze the perception of editors of Brazilian academic journals on open peer review. To achieve this, a questionnaire was sent to 3,208 editors, out of which 351 responded to the full set of 42 questions. The editors expressed satisfaction with the current model of scientific communication, the double-blind model, and disagreed with any type of identification of reviewers. However, they perceived an advantage in open review, as it allows for mutual interaction between authors and reviewers with the goal of improving the quality of content. As barriers, they pointed out conflicts of interest and rivalries that open review might generate and the difficulty in finding reviewers willing to accept this review model. The overall conclusion points to a conservative profile among editors regarding the introduction of open peer review practices.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139184366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability and employability in the audio-visual sector: the (dis)connection between corporate social sustainability goals and the employment experiences of people with disabilities","authors":"Carmen Llorente-Barroso, L. Mañas-Viniegra, J. Sierra-Sánchez, Francisco García-García","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.04","url":null,"abstract":"People with disabilities (PwD) have made significant progress in having their rights acknowledged, yet the ongoing presence of stigmas continues to hinder their full inclusion. The approach of the 2030 Agenda, as well as legislative developments focussed on improving the employment status of this group, have encouraged companies to express growing concern for this issue in their sustainability reports. However, such efforts have not resulted in a substantial increase in employment of PwD. The aim of this research is to gain knowledge regarding the dis(connection) between the corporate discourse of large Spanish audio-visual companies and the reality experienced by PwD employed in this sector. Using Atlas.ti software, a thematic relational analysis of two discourses has been carried out: firstly, the corporate narrative, which has been published in the sustainability reports of the three most prominent audio-visual groups in Spain; and secondly, the discourse regarding the experiences of three focus groups consisting of PwD employed in the audio-visual job market. The findings reveal that while these companies disseminate a positive view of diversity and inclusion, workers with disabilities continue to have a pessimistic outlook towards the situation. Moreover, companies are acutely interested in issues such as the commitment to inclusion and social equality, which they promote as part of their image. Furthermore, these companies include a variety of socially diverse factors, such as race, gender, age and/or general ability. On the contrary, the experiences related by the focus groups convey special concern for the role of different agents involved in the employment of PwD, such as companies, governments and associations, as well as apprehension regarding the policies and resources needed to achieve labour inclusion. Such discrepancies highlight the lack of cohesion between corporate policies of the audio-visual sector and the professional reality experienced by PwD.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"382 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139203058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corporate social responsibility and millennial consumer loyalty: exploring their relationship regarding healthy eating in the fast food sector","authors":"Alba-María Martínez-Sala, Juan Monserrat-Gauchi, Carmen Quiles-Soler","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.13","url":null,"abstract":"The food industry has made substantial investments in the promotion of healthy eating as part of an active lifestyle. These actions are usually part of companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies that have a dual purpose: social and business. CSR is built on a network of mutually beneficial relationships between a company and its stakeholders. Therefore, the positive perception of CSR initiatives has an influence on the trust and loyalty of stakeholders. Based on evidence about the effects of the perception of CSR on stakeholder behaviour and on company evaluation, this study proposes and tests a conceptual model of the relationship between CSR perception and customer loyalty in the context of a very important and specific topic and group: healthy eating and millennial consumers. The study employs a quantitative method and structural equation modelling (SEM) with data collected from 500 online surveys. The study also evaluates the influence of other variables: consumers’ interest in fast food companies’ CSR initiatives related to healthy eating (INTEREST) and CSR communication on healthy eating via social media (COMMUNICATION), but unlike previous research, it focuses on variables that can be conditioned by companies. The results confirm the relationship with respect to CSR in general terms, but do not do so in relation to healthy eating. In this case, influence is conditioned by moderating variables, which suggests that COMMUNICATION influences company evaluation only when customers have a prior interest in such initiatives and when correct CSR communication exists on social media, which also affects this relationship, although in a negative direction. This research supports the academic current that promotes CSR as an investment that benefits both the company and society.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing political polarization with disinformation: A comparative analysis of the European quality press","authors":"Laura Teruel","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.12","url":null,"abstract":"Political polarization and information disorders are not new phenomena on the media agenda, but they have acquired considerable prominence in the wake of international events such as the election of Donald Trump. The present article seeks to help in understanding the interrelation of these concepts –disinformation and polarization– in the European quality press in recent years. Six newspapers (El Mundo, El País, Le Figaro, Le Monde, The Daily Telegraph and The Guardian) from three countries were selected on the basis of their quality, audience and representative character of their editorial lines between 2017 and late 2022, and a qualitative and quantitative frame analysis (n = 286) was carried out. Having observed all the definitions of polarization in the press, it was seen that party political alignment has the greatest presence in the international scenario, coming before the division of public opinion. In the sample, Spain has a prominent position, claiming to be a polarized pluralist country, as opposed to United Kingdom, which closely observes what happens in the United States, or France, where these phenomena have achieved less penetration. The conclusion is that political polarization is presented as a chronic problem caused by political actors who are not going to cease doing so, as opposed to information disorders, which are produced by certain specific international actors, such as Vladimir Putin, Donald Trump, and Jair Bolsonaro, who take advantage of communication flows on social media and the latter’s lack of regulation. This article suggests that the way to resolve or at least alleviate the problem is by defending quality information and public media, emphasizing citizen responsibility in the face of social media.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Political communication on TikTok: from the feminisation of discourse to incivility expressed in emoji form. An analysis of the Spanish political platform Sumar and reactions to its strategy","authors":"Raquel Quevedo-Redondo, S. Gómez-García","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.11","url":null,"abstract":"In a context of permanent electoral campaign, an increasing number of political communication specialists are trying to unravel the resources with which government officials and their parties seek to influence TikTok users. From a broad perspective, the theme is more current than novel, however, in the specific case of this research, an academic void is identified by combining the identification of idiosyncratic traits of the feminization of political discourse in TikTok with the study of reactions (text and emojis) that audiovisual content imbued with this trend provokes in users. The intention is to find out whether the inclusive tone of the feminized rhetorical style can be extrapolated to the Chinese-origin social network and, if so, whether its particular characteristics mitigate forms of incivility. To carry out the checks, the first seven months of activity on TikTok by the political platform Sumar with its leader, Yolanda Díaz, as the protagonist of most of the videos, are selected. The mixed methodology of analysis on audiovisual content and comments allows to verify that, although the new Spanish party does not apply a strategy perfectly adapted to the social network under study, the anti-polarization rhetoric and the storytelling techniques manage to neutralize extreme forms of flaming.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139221492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journalists and comedians in the new digital age: a discussion on Spanish audiovisual infotainment between professionals and consumers","authors":"Inmaculada-Concepción Aguilera-García","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.nov.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.nov.08","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish television is increasingly subject to transmedia consumption. Faced with traditional models in which journalists limited themselves to rigorously transmitting information to strengthen their audiences, the networks’ commitment to infotainment, as well as the competition with platforms or with figures from YouTube and Twitch, forces professionals to reinvent themselves, often by resorting to entertainment and show business resources. TV programs such as El intermedio (La Sexta, 2006) and El hormiguero (Antena3, 2006) have been working for years to bring journalists and comedians together in the same space, and others such as Todo es mentira (Cuatro, 2019) interact with audiences through social networks such as Twitter and Instagram. The question is whether these efforts are sufficient or whether we are witnessing a transition period in which interviews conducted by content creators such as Ibai Llanos or Jordi Wild will end up being more highly valued than those of a journalist. To answer these questions, six professionals from the current audiovisual scene were interviewed: Vicente Vallés, Antonio Castelo, Cristina Pardo, Rocío Vidal (La Gata de Schrödinger), José Antonio Lavado, and Jorge Gallardo Camacho, and their reflections were contrasted with those of three focus groups with audiences of different ages. It was concluded that the professionals recognize the necessity of adapting to the digital era and to the new needs of their audiences, but prioritize traditional journalistic rigor and do not fear competition from figures such as Ibai Llanos. However, the audience focus groups consulted, especially the younger ones, admit that they consume more audiovisual content on the Internet than on television.","PeriodicalId":504184,"journal":{"name":"El Profesional de la información","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139259802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}