History of the Human Sciences最新文献_第9页

From cohort to community: The emotional work of birthday cards in the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, 1946-2018. 从队列到社区:1946-2018年医学研究委员会全国健康与发展调查中生日卡的情感工作。

IF 0.8 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-20 DOI: 10.1177/0952695121999283

Hannah J Elizabeth, Daisy Payling

{"title":"From cohort to community: The emotional work of birthday cards in the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, 1946-2018.","authors":"Hannah J Elizabeth, Daisy Payling","doi":"10.1177/0952695121999283","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0952695121999283","url":null,"abstract":"The Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) is Britain's longest-running birth cohort study. From their birth in 1946 until the present day, its research participants, or study members, have filled out questionnaires and completed cognitive or physical examinations every few years. Among other outcomes, the findings of these studies have framed how we understand health inequalities. Throughout the decades and multiple follow-up studies, each year the study members have received a birthday card from the survey staff. Although the birthday cards were originally produced in 1962 as a method to record changes of address at a time when the adolescent study members were potentially leaving school and home, they have become more than that with time. The cards mark, and have helped create, an ongoing evolving relationship between the NSHD and the surveyed study members, eventually coming to represent a relationship between the study members themselves. This article uses the birthday cards alongside archival material from the NSHD and oral history interviews with survey staff to trace the history of the growing awareness of importance of emotion within British social science research communities over the course of the 20th and early 21st centuries. It documents changing attitudes to science's dependence on research participants, their well-being, and the collaborative nature of scientific research. The article deploys an intertextual approach to reading these texts alongside an attention to emotional communities drawing on the work of Barbara Rosenwein.","PeriodicalId":50403,"journal":{"name":"History of the Human Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"158-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8795233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

'A troublesome girl is pushed through': Morality, biological determinism, resistance, resilience, and the Canadian child migration schemes, 1883-1939. “一个麻烦的女孩被推过去”：道德、生物决定论、抵抗、恢复力和加拿大儿童移民计划，1883-1939。

IF 0.5 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211036553

Wendy Sims-Schouten

{"title":"'A troublesome girl is pushed through': Morality, biological determinism, resistance, resilience, and the Canadian child migration schemes, 1883-1939.","authors":"Wendy Sims-Schouten","doi":"10.1177/09526951211036553","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09526951211036553","url":null,"abstract":"This article critically analyses correspondence and decisions regarding children/young people who were included in the Canadian child migration schemes that ran between 1883 and 1939, and those who were deemed 'undeserving' and outside the scope of the schemes. Drawing on critical realist ontology, a metatheory that centralises the causal non-linear dynamics and generative mechanisms in the individual, the cultural sphere, and wider society, the research starts from the premise that the principle of 'less or more eligibility' lies at the heart of the British welfare system, both now and historically. Through analysing case files and correspondence relating to children sent to Canada via the Waifs and Strays Society and Fegan Homes, I shed light on the complex interplay between morality, biological determinism, resistance, and resilience in decisions around which children should be included or excluded. I argue that it was the complex interplay and nuance between the moral/immoral, desirable/undesirable, degenerate, and capable/incapable child that guided practice with vulnerable children in the late 1800s. In judgements around 'deservedness', related stigmas around poverty and 'bad' behaviour were rife. Within this, the child was punished for his/her 'immoral tendencies' and 'inherited traits', with little regard for the underlying reasons (e.g. abuse and neglect) for their (abnormal) behaviour and 'mental deficiencies'.","PeriodicalId":50403,"journal":{"name":"History of the Human Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"87-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8795226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lesbian and bisexual women's experiences of aversion therapy in England. 英国女同性恋和双性恋女性厌恶治疗的经历。

IF 0.6 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-06 eCollection Date: 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211059422

Helen Spandler, Sarah Carr

引用次数: 0

Alfred Vierkandt’s notion of the social group 阿尔弗雷德·维尔坎特的社会群体观

IF 0.9 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211053136

Sandro Segre

引用次数: 0

Modern European sexological and orientalist assimilations of medieval Islamicate ‘ilm al-bah to erotology 现代欧洲性学和东方主义对中世纪伊斯兰教“ilm al-bah”与性学的同化

IF 0.9 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211056152

Alison M. Downham Moore

{"title":"Modern European sexological and orientalist assimilations of medieval Islamicate ‘ilm al-bah to erotology","authors":"Alison M. Downham Moore","doi":"10.1177/09526951211056152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09526951211056152","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the term erotology, which was applied to medieval Islamicate ‘ilm al-bah (the science of coitus), as well as other world traditions of sexual knowledge, by European sexologists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, who contrasted it with their own forms of inquiry into sexual matters in the modern field of sexual science. It argues that the homogenisation and minimisation of all ancient and non-European forms of medical knowledge about sex, even one as substantial as the ‘ilm al-bah tradition, supported a particular story about the origins of sexology's own emergence as a new and unprecedented biomedical and scientific way of knowing, characterised by an opposition assumed between sexuality and religion, by a view of sexual variations as perversions or pathologies, and by a view of Arabs and Muslims as sexually excessive. The article focusses on French, English, German, Austrian, and Italian sources of the 19th century that discussed the history of sexual medicine, relating these accounts to recent attempts to historicise sexology. It considers how forms of colonial hierarchy and exoticist views of non-European cultures impacted the dismissal of ‘ilm al-bah among European sexual scientists and how they may continue to exert an influence on forms of modern historical inquiry that are not attentive to scholarship on medieval Islamicate sexual medicine.","PeriodicalId":50403,"journal":{"name":"History of the Human Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48484058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Measuring non-Han bodies: Anthropometry, colonialism, and biopower in China's south-western borderland in the 1930s and 1940s 测量非汉人的身体:20世纪三四十年代中国西南边境的人体测量学、殖民主义和生物力量

IF 0.9 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211049906

Jing Zhu

{"title":"Measuring non-Han bodies: Anthropometry, colonialism, and biopower in China's south-western borderland in the 1930s and 1940s","authors":"Jing Zhu","doi":"10.1177/09526951211049906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09526951211049906","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the biopower of non-Han bodies by considering the intersections of anthropology, racial science, and colonial regimes. During the 1930s and 1940s, when extensive anthropometric research was being undertaken on non-Han populations in the south-western borderlands of China, several anthropologists studied non-Han groups under the aegis of frontier administration. Chinese scholars sought to generate the physical characteristics of ethnic minority groups in the south-west of China through the methodology of body measurement, in order to identify forms of social and political intervention in the management of the non-Han population in wartime. This article examines the global transmission of Western social science in China, highlighting the local reception of Western racial taxonomy. Non-Han bodies were represented as a subcategory of the Mongolian/‘Yellow’ race through anthropometric research. The body measurements of non-Han people were used to demonstrate physical similarities between the Han and various ethnic minority groups in order to evoke a unified Zhonghua minzu (Chinese ethnicity) that embraced both the Han Chinese and frontier ethnic minority groups.","PeriodicalId":50403,"journal":{"name":"History of the Human Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"84 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46805610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

'Somewhere between science and superstition': Religious outrage, horrific science, and The Exorcist (1973). “介于科学和迷信之间”：宗教愤怒、可怕的科学和《驱魔人》（1973）。

IF 0.8 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211004465

Amy C Chambers

{"title":"'Somewhere between science and superstition': Religious outrage, horrific science, and The Exorcist (1973).","authors":"Amy C Chambers","doi":"10.1177/09526951211004465","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09526951211004465","url":null,"abstract":"Science and religion pervade the 1973 horror The Exorcist (1973), and the film exists, as the movie's tagline suggests, 'somewhere between science and superstition'. Archival materials show the depth of research conducted by writer/director William Friedkin in his commitment to presenting and exploring emerging scientific procedures and accurate Catholic ritual. Where clinical and barbaric science fails, faith and ritual save the possessed child Reagan MacNeil (Linda Blair) from her demons. The Exorcist created media frenzy in 1973, with increased reports in the popular press of demon possessions, audience members convulsing and vomiting at screenings, and apparent religious and specifically Catholic moral outrage. However, the official Catholic response to The Exorcist was not as reactionary as the press claimed. The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office of Film and Broadcasting (USCCB-OFB) officially and publicly condemned the film as being unsuitable for a wide audience, but reviews produced for the office by priests and lay Catholics and correspondence between the Vatican and the USCCB-OFB show that the church at least notionally interpreted it as a positive response to the power of faith. Warner Bros. Studios, however, were keen to promote stories of religious outrage to boost sales and news coverage - a marketing strategy that actively contradicted Friedkin's respectful and collaborative approach to working with both religious communities and medical professionals. Reports of Catholic outrage were a means of promoting The Exorcist rather than an accurate reflection of the Catholic Church's nuanced response to the film and its scientific and religious content.","PeriodicalId":50403,"journal":{"name":"History of the Human Sciences","volume":"34 5","pages":"32-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8575976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39622723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘You never need an analyst with Bobby around’: The mid-20th-century human sciences in Sondheim and Furth's musical Company “你永远不需要有鲍比在身边的分析师”：20世纪中期桑德海姆和福思音乐公司的人文科学

IF 0.9 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211049922

Jeffrey Rubel

{"title":"‘You never need an analyst with Bobby around’: The mid-20th-century human sciences in Sondheim and Furth's musical Company","authors":"Jeffrey Rubel","doi":"10.1177/09526951211049922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09526951211049922","url":null,"abstract":"This article offers a case study in how historians of science can use musical theater productions to understand the cultural reception of scientific ideas. In 1970, Stephen Sondheim and George Furth's musical Company opened on Broadway. The show engaged with and reflected contemporary theories and ideas from the human sciences; Company's portrayal of its 35-year-old bachelor protagonist, his married friends, and his girlfriends reflected present-day theories from psychoanalysis, sexology, and sociology. In 2018, when director Marianne Elliott revived the show with a female protagonist, Company once again amplified contemporary dilemmas around human sciences expertise—this time, the biological fertility clock. Through Company, Sondheim and Furth—and later Elliott—constructed arguments about modern society that paralleled those put forth by contemporary human scientists, including psychoanalytic models of the mind, the lonely crowd phenomenon, and shifting conceptions of masculinity and femininity. Because of their wide popularity and potential for readaptation, musicals such as Company offer a promising source base for analyzing the relationship between contemporary society and scientific expertise in specific historical contexts.","PeriodicalId":50403,"journal":{"name":"History of the Human Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"168 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44146864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The pragmatic use of metaphor in empirical psychology 隐喻在经验心理学中的语用运用

IF 0.9 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211047395

Rami Gabriel

引用次数: 4

Psychoanalysis and anti-racism in mid-20th-century America: An alternative angle of vision 20世纪中期美国的精神分析与反种族主义:另一种视角

IF 0.9 2区历史学

History of the Human Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-27 DOI: 10.1177/09526951211042784

Tom Fielder

{"title":"Psychoanalysis and anti-racism in mid-20th-century America: An alternative angle of vision","authors":"Tom Fielder","doi":"10.1177/09526951211042784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09526951211042784","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional historiography of psychoanalysis in America offers few opportunities for the elaboration of anti-racist themes, and instead American ‘ego psychology’ has often been regarded as the most acute exemplar of ‘racist’ psychoanalysis. In this article, consistent with the historiographical turn Burnham first identified under the heading of ‘the New Freud Studies’, I distinguish between histories of psychoanalytic practitioners and histories of psychoanalytic ideas in order to open out an alternative angle of vision on the historiography. For psychoanalytic ideas were in fact omnipresent within American culture at mid-century, and they played a fundamental role in the psychological reworking of race that unfolded in the work of social scientists, literary artists, and cultural critics in the 1940s and early Cold War years, culminating in the Brown v. Board of Education ruling of 1954, a major landmark in the civil rights narrative. By pursuing the implications of psychoanalysis in anti-racist struggles at mid-century, and with particular attention to Richard Wright and his autobiographical novel Black Boy, I move towards unearthing an alternative historical account of the intersection between psychoanalysis and race, which offers new ways for psychoanalysis and the history of the human sciences to think about this period.","PeriodicalId":50403,"journal":{"name":"History of the Human Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"193 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46559982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1