C Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.3390/c10020038

K. C. Le, Saga Bergqvist, Jonatan Henriksson, Per-Erik Bengtsson

引用次数: 0

RHEED Study of the Epitaxial Growth of Silicon and Germanium on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite 高取向热解石墨上硅和锗外延生长的 RHEED 研究

C Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.3390/c10020036

K. Lozovoy, V. Dirko, O. I. Kukenov, Arseniy S. Sokolov, Konstantin V. Krukovskii, Mikhail S. Snegerev, A. Borisov, Yury V. Kistenev, A. Kokhanenko

{"title":"RHEED Study of the Epitaxial Growth of Silicon and Germanium on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite","authors":"K. Lozovoy, V. Dirko, O. I. Kukenov, Arseniy S. Sokolov, Konstantin V. Krukovskii, Mikhail S. Snegerev, A. Borisov, Yury V. Kistenev, A. Kokhanenko","doi":"10.3390/c10020036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c10020036","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional silicon (silicene) and germanium (germanene) have attracted special attention from researchers in recent years. At the same time, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and graphene are some of the promising substrates for growing silicene and germanene. However, to date, the processes occurring during the epitaxial growth of silicon and germanium on the surface of such substrates have been poorly studied. In this work, the epitaxial growth of silicon and germanium is studied directly during the process of the molecular beam epitaxy deposition of material onto the HOPG surface by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). In addition, the obtained samples are studied by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. A wide range of deposition temperatures from 100 to 800 °C is considered and temperature intervals are determined for various growth modes of silicon and germanium on HOPG. Conditions for amorphous and polycrystalline growth are distinguished. Diffraction spots corresponding to the lattice constants of silicene and germanene are identified that may indicate the presence of areas of graphene-like 2D phases during epitaxial deposition of silicon and germanium onto the surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite.","PeriodicalId":503899,"journal":{"name":"C","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140716673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrasmall Glucose-Functionalized Au-Carbon Nanohybrids: Exploiting the Warburg Effect to Image Tumors by Multimodal CT/Fluorescence Imaging 超小型葡萄糖功能化金碳纳米混合物：利用沃伯格效应通过多模态 CT/荧光成像对肿瘤进行成像

C Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.3390/c10020035

Roberta Cillari, S. Scirè, G. Cavallaro, N. Mauro

{"title":"Ultrasmall Glucose-Functionalized Au-Carbon Nanohybrids: Exploiting the Warburg Effect to Image Tumors by Multimodal CT/Fluorescence Imaging","authors":"Roberta Cillari, S. Scirè, G. Cavallaro, N. Mauro","doi":"10.3390/c10020035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c10020035","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing glucose as a targeting agent represents a pioneering approach in selectively directing nanoparticles towards cancer cells, capitalizing on the pronounced glucose uptake observed in tumors attributable to the Warburg effect. In this study, we have successfully adopted this targeting strategy to facilitate the specific uptake of advanced nanotools, comprising carbon nanocrystals incorporating gold seeds (AuCDs). Leveraging the advantageous optical and size-related properties of carbon nanodots in conjunction with gold-mediated X-ray attenuation capabilities, these hybrid nanomaterials have been engineered as contrast agents for a bi-modal imaging modality, exploiting the synergistic benefits of fluorescence imaging and X-ray computed tomography. Notably, for the synthesis of AuCDs, we present, for the first time, the incorporation of gold seeds within the molecular precursors of carbon nanodots during their solvothermal synthesis process, showcasing the efficacy of this synthetic pathway in yielding nanoscale carbon structures incorporating bioeliminable gold ultrasmall nanoparticles (d < 5 nm). Subsequently, we employed an azido-alkyne click chemistry reaction to functionalize the nanoparticle surface with 2-deoxy-D-glucose as a targeting moiety. The demonstrated cancer-targeting proficiency, as assessed via fluorescence imaging, renders the proposed nanosystem highly promising for a spectrum of applications in precision anticancer theranostics, encompassing both diagnostic and therapeutic endeavors.","PeriodicalId":503899,"journal":{"name":"C","volume":"74 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial for C—Journal of Carbon Research in 2023 2023 年《碳研究》杂志社论

C Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.3390/c10020034

Craig E. Banks

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Modified Peels: Natural Peels or Peels-Based Activated Carbons for the Removal of Several Pollutants Found in Wastewaters 比较改性果皮天然果皮或果皮活性炭去除废水中几种污染物的效果比较

C Pub Date : 2024-03-03 DOI: 10.3390/c10010022

A. Tolkou, Konstantinos N. Maroulas, Dimitrios Theologis, I. Katsoyiannis, G. Kyzas

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Electromagnetic Shielding Properties of Cement-Based Composites with Biochar and PVC as Fillers 以生物炭和聚氯乙烯为填料的水泥基复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能分析

C Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.3390/c10010021

G. Ruscica, Fabio Peinetti, I. Natali Sora, Patrizia Savi

引用次数: 0

Novel Morphology for NiWMo Carbides Obtained by Mechanical Alloying and Quenching 通过机械合金化和淬火获得的 NiWMo 碳化物的新形貌

C Pub Date : 2024-01-14 DOI: 10.3390/c10010011

Jesús Noé Rivera Olvera, Luis Hernández Maya, L. G. Diaz Barriga Arceo

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Organic Contaminant Removal from Wool Scouring Wastewater Using Chemically Modified Biochars 利用化学改性生物炭提高洗毛废水中有机污染物的去除率

C Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.3390/c10010006

Simeng Li, Desarae Tasnady, Shannon Skelley, Blanca Calderon, Sherine Jiang

{"title":"Enhancing Organic Contaminant Removal from Wool Scouring Wastewater Using Chemically Modified Biochars","authors":"Simeng Li, Desarae Tasnady, Shannon Skelley, Blanca Calderon, Sherine Jiang","doi":"10.3390/c10010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c10010006","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times, biochar has emerged as a promising and sustainable solution for COD reduction in wastewater treatment. This study explores the potential of chemically modified biochars as efficient adsorbents for the removal of organic contaminants, specifically oils, fats, and grease (OFG), from wool scouring wastewater. Proximate analysis revealed distinct properties among the biochars, with KOH-treated biochar demonstrating the most promising characteristics, including lower volatile matter, higher fixed carbon content, and reduced ash content, indicating a stable and carbon-rich structure. A meticulous examination of the KOH-treated biochar’s surface characteristics revealed the presence of elevated carbon and nitrogen content, complemented by an expansive surface area measuring 724.4 m2/g. This surface area was at least twice as extensive as that observed in the other post-treated biochar samples. The kinetic adsorption of COD and soluble COD was well fitted by the pseudo-first-order model, with equilibrium achieved in approximately 200 min. The KOH-treated biochar exhibited the highest equilibrium adsorption capacities for both COD and soluble COD in both Dorset wool (Dorset) and Bluefaced Leicester (BFL) wastewater, highlighting its efficacy in OFG removal. Despite these promising results, further research is needed to explore biochar’s surface characteristics, pore structure, and performance under diverse conditions, as well as its integration with existing treatment processes and potential for regeneration and reuse. This study contributes to advancing sustainable wastewater treatment methods using chemically modified biochars.","PeriodicalId":503899,"journal":{"name":"C","volume":"47 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139382216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermodynamic Stability and Electronic Properties of Graphene Nanoflakes 石墨烯纳米片的热力学稳定性和电子特性

C Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.3390/c10010005

R. Soave, F. Cargnoni, M. I. Trioni

引用次数: 0

Annealing Effects of ZnO Thin Film on Photocatalytic Performances of Graphene Composites 氧化锌薄膜的退火效应对石墨烯复合材料光催化性能的影响

C Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.3390/c10010004

Jobair Al Rafi, Yu Kanda, Mitsuhiro Honda, Yo Ichikawa

{"title":"Annealing Effects of ZnO Thin Film on Photocatalytic Performances of Graphene Composites","authors":"Jobair Al Rafi, Yu Kanda, Mitsuhiro Honda, Yo Ichikawa","doi":"10.3390/c10010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c10010004","url":null,"abstract":"The hybrid structure of Graphene and ZnO (Graphene/ZnO) is emerging as a novel material used to achieve the high performance of photocatalysis. In this study, we examined the ZnO characteristics that affect the photocatalytic activity of graphene/ZnO using a lamellar structure of graphene and ZnO thin films. Graphene samples were synthesized via chemical vapor deposition, and a typical wet process was applied to transfer them on sputter-deposited ZnO thin films with and without annealing. We confirmed that graphene-deposited ZnO demonstrated more efficient photocatalytic behavior toward the decomposition of methylene blue (as a model organic compound) with ordinary sputtered ZnO thin films. Again, ZnO thin films annealed at 1000 °C in an N2 gas atmosphere with graphene performed better than unannealed films. XRD analysis confirmed that pre-thermal treatment of a ZnO thin film promoted re-crystallization, which had less impact on the photocatalytic improvement. The attachment of graphene to the film is considered to contribute to the enhancement. Raman analysis revealed that the graphene coverage areas on the post-annealed ZnO increased by two times compared to that of an unannealed film where the unannealed film had a higher graphene layer. The results presented in this study demonstrate that an annealed ZnO thin film forms a better attachment with graphene, resulting in a larger graphene coverage area with fewer multilayers, which effectively improves the photocatalytic activity in composite structures.","PeriodicalId":503899,"journal":{"name":"C","volume":" 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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