C Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.3390/c10010002

Jafar Sufian, Mohammad Babaakbari Sari, Filippo Marchelli, Luca Fiori, Armen Avanes, S. Moradi

{"title":"An Analysis of the Factors Influencing Cadmium Removal in Aquatic Environments by Chlorella vulgaris-Derived Solids","authors":"Jafar Sufian, Mohammad Babaakbari Sari, Filippo Marchelli, Luca Fiori, Armen Avanes, S. Moradi","doi":"10.3390/c10010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c10010002","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorella vulgaris is an inexpensive microalga that could be employed for environmental remediation, but further investigations are needed to assess its suitability and optimal treatment methodology. With this aim in mind, this study focused on the raw biomass and the biochar and hydrochar obtained from it, analyzing their physicochemical properties and testing them to capture cadmium from an aqueous environment. The adsorption/absorption tests assessed the effect of adsorbent dosage, pH, Cd concentration, and contact time, and the results were analyzed through a structural equation model. Biochar and hydrochar performed similarly and better than the raw biomass, with the highest Cd removal observed at an adsorbent dosage of 0.8 g L−1, an initial concentration of Cd solution of 30 mg L−1, a pH of 6, and a contact time of 30 min. The adsorption isotherm data for Cd could be well-described by the Langmuir and Temkin models. The results from the structural equation modeling revealed that the variables material type, dosage, and concentration all contributed to Cd removal in water, with time mediating these effects.","PeriodicalId":503899,"journal":{"name":"C","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FeS2 Nanoparticles in S-Doped Carbon: Ageing Effects on Performance as a Supercapacitor Electrode S 掺杂碳中的 FeS2 纳米颗粒：老化对超级电容器电极性能的影响

C Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.3390/c9040112

Sirine Zallouz, Bénédicte Réty, J. Le Meins, Mame Youssou Ndiaye, P. Fioux, Camélia Matei Ghimbeu

{"title":"FeS2 Nanoparticles in S-Doped Carbon: Ageing Effects on Performance as a Supercapacitor Electrode","authors":"Sirine Zallouz, Bénédicte Réty, J. Le Meins, Mame Youssou Ndiaye, P. Fioux, Camélia Matei Ghimbeu","doi":"10.3390/c9040112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c9040112","url":null,"abstract":"Although transition metal sulfides have prodigious potential for use as electrode materials because of their low electronegativities, their large volume changes inhibit broad application. Moreover, there is only limited knowledge of the ageing processes of these materials at the nanoscale. Herein, nano-C/FeS2 materials were prepared via one-pot syntheses from green biodegradable carbon precursors, followed by activation and sulfidation. The increased activation/sulfidation time led to an increase in the size of the nanoparticles (7 to 17 nm) and their aggregation, as well as in an increase in the specific surface area. The materials were then used as electrodes in 2-electrode symmetric supercapacitors with 2 M KOH. The activation process resulted in improved capacitance (60 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1) and rate capability (36%) depending on the composite porosity, conductivity, and size of the FeS2 particles. The ageing of the FeS2 nanoparticles was investigated under air, and a progressive transformation of the nano-FeS2 into hydrated iron hydroxy sulfate with a significant morphological modification was observed, resulting in drastic decreases in the capacitance (70%) and retention. In contrast, the ageing of nano-FeS2 during cycling led to the formation of a supplementary iron oxyhydroxide phase, which contributed to the enhanced capacitance (57%) and long-term cycling (132% up to 10,000 cycles) of the device.","PeriodicalId":503899,"journal":{"name":"C","volume":"113 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of CNT-Based Nanocomposites with Ohmic Heating Capability towards Self-Healing Applications in Extrusion-Based 3D Printing Technologies 开发具有欧姆加热功能的碳纳米管基纳米复合材料，在基于挤压的 3D 打印技术中实现自愈合应用

C Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.3390/c9040111

Niki Loura, E. Gkartzou, A. Trompeta, G. Konstantopoulos, P. Klonos, A. Kyritsis, C. Charitidis

{"title":"Development of CNT-Based Nanocomposites with Ohmic Heating Capability towards Self-Healing Applications in Extrusion-Based 3D Printing Technologies","authors":"Niki Loura, E. Gkartzou, A. Trompeta, G. Konstantopoulos, P. Klonos, A. Kyritsis, C. Charitidis","doi":"10.3390/c9040111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c9040111","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, a series of carbon-based nanocomposites based on recycled thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix and MWCNT fillers synthesized in a laboratory environment were prepared at various loadings and assessed in terms of their functional thermal, dielectric, and rheological properties, as well as their ohmic heating capability, for self-healing applications in extrusion-based 3D printing technologies. The synthesis of nanomaterials focused on the production of two different types of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. A comparative assessment and benchmarking were conducted with nanocomposite filaments obtained from commercial nanomaterials and masterbatches with MWCNTs. For all the polymer nanocomposites, samples were prepared at additive contents up to 15 wt.% and filament feedstock was produced via the melt-extrusion process for 3D printing; these were previously characterized by rheological tests. The measurements of thermal and electrical conductivity resulted in a selected composition with promising ohmic heating capability. As a preliminary assessment of the self-healing ability of the above samples, artificial cracks were introduced on the surface of the samples and SEM analysis took place at the crack location before and after applying voltage as a measure of the effectiveness of the material remelting due to the Joule effect. Results indicate a promising material response with a partial restoration of artificial cracks.","PeriodicalId":503899,"journal":{"name":"C","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanomechanical Behavior of Pentagraphyne-Based Single-Layer and Nanotubes through Reactive Classical Molecular Dynamics 通过反应式经典分子动力学研究五苯基单层和纳米管的纳米力学行为

C Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.3390/c9040110

José Moreira de Sousa, W. Brandão, Weverson Lucas Aguiar Paula Silva, L. A. Ribeiro Júnior, Douglas Soares Galvão, M. L. Pereira Júnior

{"title":"Nanomechanical Behavior of Pentagraphyne-Based Single-Layer and Nanotubes through Reactive Classical Molecular Dynamics","authors":"José Moreira de Sousa, W. Brandão, Weverson Lucas Aguiar Paula Silva, L. A. Ribeiro Júnior, Douglas Soares Galvão, M. L. Pereira Júnior","doi":"10.3390/c9040110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/c9040110","url":null,"abstract":"A novel 2D carbon allotrope, pentagraphyne (PG-yne), was introduced in a recent theoretical study. This unique structure is derived from pentagraphene by incorporating acetylenic linkages between sp3 and sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. Given its intriguing electronic and structural properties, it is imperative to investigate the mechanical characteristics and thermal responses of PG-yne in both monolayer and nanotube configurations, which encompass different chiralities and diameters. We conducted fully atomistic reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations employing the ReaxFF potential to address these aspects. Our findings reveal that Young’s modulus of PG-yne monolayers stands at approximately 51 GPa at room temperature. In contrast, for the studied nanotubes, regardless of their chirality, it hovers around 45 GPa. Furthermore, our observations indicate that PG-yne-based systems feature an extensive and relatively flat plastic region before reaching the point of total fracture, irrespective of their topology. Regarding their thermal properties, we identified a melting point at approximately 3600 K, accompanied by a phase transition around 1100 K.","PeriodicalId":503899,"journal":{"name":"C","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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