Biochar最新文献

{"title":"Green-synthesized iron nanoparticles enhance CMC/PVA coatings for biochar‑zeolite slow‑release fertilizers","authors":"Mengqiao Wu, Zefeng Ruan, Yuyuan Wu, Yang Cheng, Yuting Hong, Qinglin Gu, Yiting Zhang, Jialin Wei, Xiaowen Zhang, Chang Dong, Xu Zhao, Yongfu Li, Chengfang Song, Bing Yu","doi":"10.1007/s42773-026-00592-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-026-00592-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The escalating demand for sustainable agriculture necessitates innovative slow-release fertilizers (SRFs) that enhance nutrient efficiency while mitigating environmental impacts. This study presents a new green-synthesized nano-iron (tea extract iron nanoparticles, T-FeNPs) reinforced carboxymethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol (CMC/PVA) composite coating for zeolite–biochar hybrid SRFs. T-FeNPs were synthesized using tea extract as a reducing agent and incorporated into CMC/PVA matrices. The nanocomposite coatings were applied to fertilizer cores comprising zeolite, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) compound fertilizer, and rice straw biochar (RSBC). Soil leaching tests demonstrated superior nutrient retention: CMC/PVA/0.5Fe-SRF reduced cumulative N and P release to 58.47% and 15.82%, respectively, outperforming unmodified CMC/PVA-SRF and compound NPK fertilizers. Mechanistic investigation uncovered that physical barrier enhancement via pore obstruction by T-FeNPs significantly impedes water ingress and nutrient ion diffusion. In tomato cultivation, the CMC/PVA/0.5Fe-SRF treatment maximized plant height, biomass, and water retention, attributed to sustained nutrient release. Soil analysis revealed enhanced total N, P, K, cation exchange capacity, and organic matter content. Economic analysis indicated a production cost of $562.02/ton for CMC/PVA/0.5Fe-SRF, with potential global GHG reductions of 35.69 Mt CO₂e in East Asia alone via improved nitrogen use efficiency. Overall, this work presents a scalable, eco-friendly strategy for enhancing fertilizer efficiency and soil health. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-026-00592-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147878500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient allelochemical removal from continuous capsicum cultivation using horseradish peroxidase–loaded biochar","authors":"Xueyan Zhang, Shiyu Lv, Tian Yuan, Kerong Fu, Pu Yang, Yanpo Yao, Junfeng Liang, Tongguo Gao, Feng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-025-00512-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00512-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Secretion and long-term accumulation of phenolic acid allelopathic substances are critical factors decreasing yield in continuous capsicum cropping systems. However, there are limited effective technologies and methods for removing these substances. In this study, biochar (BC) with ultrahigh specific surface area and pore volume was prepared via K 2 CO 3 etching, called carbonate-modified biochar (CBC). Then, it was loaded with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) under glutaraldehyde crosslinking conditions to form HRP–CBC. The maximum loading capacity of HRP reached 311.46 U g −1 . Under various factors, the degradation efficiency of allelopathic substances such as ferulic acid followed the order HRP–CBC > HRP–BC > HRP, indicating that the combination of alkaline etching and enzyme immobilization enhances ferulic acid degradation. At a HRP–CBC dose of 2 U mL −1 and pH 7, the degradation of 20 mg L −1 ferulic acid was achieved within 6 h. Furthermore, this method demonstrated excellent degradation performance against multiple phenolic acid compounds responsible for yield reduction in continuous chili pepper cropping systems. HRP–CBC exhibited superior stability, enhanced stress resistance, and broad application potential. The inhibitory effect of ferulic acid on chili seed germination disappeared after degradation by immobilized HRP. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and ecotoxicity analyses confirmed that HRP–CBC degraded ferulic acid into less toxic small organic molecules through a free radical-mediated mechanism. Therefore, a modified biochar immobilized with HRP offers a promising strategy for removing phenolic acid allelopathic substances from continuous cropping systems. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-025-00512-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147909720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced hydrogen production and carbon suppression via a two-stage catalytic system of biochar pre-catalysis and Ni-based catalysts during biomass pyrolysis","authors":"Xinyi Zhang, Lixin Zhao, Zonglu Yao, Jixiu Jia, Yuxuan Sun, Lili Huo","doi":"10.1007/s42773-025-00533-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00533-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new two-stage catalytic system was developed to overcome the problems of low yield of hydrogen-rich gas and serious carbon deposition on the catalyst during biomass pyrolysis catalysis. The operating temperature, catalyst type and catalyst addition ratio were compared, and the optimum hydrogen production conditions were obtained (with yield reaching 52.21 wt% and the hydrogen yield reaching 29.15 vol%). The catalysts were modified by metals, including Ni, Ni–Co, Ni–Fe, Ni–Mo and Ni–Ce. Ni–Ce/Al 2 O 3 exhibited the highest tar-cracking efficiency during one-stage catalysis, attributed to the redox cycle between Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ . In order to further improve the catalytic performance, the biochar pre-catalytic layer with rich porous structure and surface functional groups was introduced. Macromolecular volatiles were selectively adsorbed by the pre-catalyst and promoted in chain reactions. Macromolecular volatiles were selectively adsorbed by the pre-catalyst, in which the tar reforming reaction was promoted, resulting in an increase in hydrogen production to 29.76–48.87 vol% in two-stage catalysis. In addition, Biochar pre-catalyst promoted free radical recombination by enhancing the formation of H 2 and H· and reducing the binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which effectively inhibited carbon deposition. This study provides theoretical insights and proposes a novel stepwise catalytic strategy for efficient hydrogen production from biomass, highlighting its potential for practical energy conversion applications. Highlights • Novel two-stage catalyst (biochar + Ni/Al 2 O 3 ) promoted H 2 yield (48.87 vol%) and redused carbon deposition. • Biochar pre-catalysis activated volatiles via surface functional groups, promoting tar cracking and H 2 formation. • Ni-Ce/Al 2 O 3 showed excellent performance in tar cracking through Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ redox, boosting the gas and H 2 production. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-025-00533-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147903308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of carbon dots, biofuels, bio-adsorbents, and biological nutrients via hydrothermal conversion of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and oilseed rape straw","authors":"Jingmiao Zhang, Bin Zhang, Ao Xia, Qingming Zhou, Xianqing Zhu, Yun Huang, Xun Zhu, Qiang Liao","doi":"10.1007/s42773-025-00482-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00482-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biomass hydrothermal conversion has received extensive attention due to its advantages of strong adaptability of raw materials, no need to dry feedstock, and relatively mild conditions . Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CP) and oilseed rape straw (OS), two kinds of typical biomass, were hydrothermally treated at 230 °C for 6 h to produce carbon dots (CDs), hydrochar (HC), bio-oil (OR), aqueous product (AQ), and volatile product (VO). The CP hydrothermal process generated the highest yield of CDs (16.3%), and the OS hydrothermal process produced the most HC (26.3%). The co-hydrothermal treatment of CP/OS promoted the production of HC and VO via carbonization, decarboxylation, and dehydration reactions between CP and OS degradation products. The CP, OS, and CP/OS based CDs (CD-CP, CD-OS, and CD-CP/OS) in the size of 1.5‒26.5 nm emitted blue light and displayed 3.3‒11.1% of fluorescence quantum yield. More than 42.3% of methylene blue could be photodegraded by CD-CP, which was 2.1 and 1.4 times higher than that by CD-OS and CD-CP/OS. The higher heating values of HCs and ORs were 23.0‒27.8 MJ kg −1 and 25.5‒38.5 MJ kg −1 , showing potential to apply as biofuels. The HCs were confirmed to be outstanding bio-adsorbents that could remove 15.4‒68.9% methylene blue with an absorption capacity of up to 275.6 mg g −1 . Moreover, the AQs were verified to be potentially used as biological nutrients for microalgae cultivation. This study co-produced CDs, BO, HC, and AQ through the hydrothermal conversion of CP and OS, efficiently utilizing them as photocatalysts, biofuels, bio-adsorbents, and biological nutrients. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-025-00482-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147888778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen-fortified nanobiochar impacts soil properties, root growth and basmati rice yield","authors":"Aakash Kumar Saini, Abrol Vikas, Peeyush Sharma, Ch. Srinivasarao, Avanish Singh Parmar, Marcos Lado, Ajay Kumar, Manish Kumar, Abeer Hashem, Khalid F. Almutairi, Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah","doi":"10.1007/s42773-025-00503-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00503-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanobiochar (NB) has emerged as a promising sustainable soil amendment, enhancing soil fertility due to its high surface area, porous nature, and nutrient retention and slow-release capabilities. Fortified nanobiochar application could be a durable strategy for enhancing soil fertility and crop productivity in nutrient deficient soils. This study investigates the effects of nitrogen-fortified nanobiochar (NBN) on nitrogen-deficient soils, aiming to reduce reliance on mineral fertilizers (MF) without compromising crop yield. An experiment was conducted with twelve treatments including MF at 100%, 75% and 50% of the recommended nitrogen dose alongside NBN applied at rates of 1,2.5 and 5 kgha −1 ), either alone or in combination. Results indicated that the combined application of 75% mineral nitrogen (N 75 ) and 5 kg ha −1 of NBN (N 75 NBN 5 ) significantly improved soil moisture content (SM), infiltration rate (IR), aggregate stability (AS) and hydraulic conductivity (H c ) by 1.01 to 1.42 times compared to the N 100 and N 75 treatments. Additionally, soil organic carbon, available N, NH 4 and NO 3 contents increased by 1.22, 1.03, 1.06 and 1.06 times, respectively, under N 75 NBN 5 over N 100 leading to enhanced nutrient uptake. Root growth metrics (root weight, length and volume) increased by 24.6%, 15.8% and 18.7%, respectively, while rice yield improved by 26.8% with N 75 NBN 5 compared to the N 75 treatment, with the lowest yield observed in the NBN 1 treatment. The significant and positive correlation between grain yield and soil physical properties and soil nutrient levels, confirmed the beneficial impact of NBN on soil properties that directly influenced crop yield. The study demonstrates that the integration of N 75 with NBN 5 not only enhances soil properties and crop growth but also offers ecological benefits by the valorization of agricultural waste into an effective soil amendment, thereby promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-025-00503-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibited vertical mobility of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter under low-intensity rainfall: role of mineral retention","authors":"Fangfang Li, Xizhao Duan, Jiahao Zhou, Siyue Feng, Wei Du, Xinhua He, Hongbo Peng, Hao Li, Shakeel Ahmad, Bo Pan","doi":"10.1007/s42773-025-00484-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00484-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biochar has great potential in the application areas of carbon sequestration and environmental remediation. A significant amount of dissolved organic matter (DOM) may be released from biochar, which is highly reactive and mobile. However, it is unknown how this highly reactive DOM migrates in soil column, especially in rainfall events. In this study, pristine and aged corn biochars were applied to simulated soil columns filled with hematite/quartz or montmorillonite/quartz (3:7, w:w), and the DOM vertical migration was investigated under high- and low-intensity rainfalls. Results showed that montmorillonite could significantly inhibit the migration of the DOM by over 80% compared to the pure quartz system and 50% compared to hematite/quartz system. Minerals, especially montmorillonite, mainly preferentially adsorbed humic-like substance of DOM compared to polycyclic aromatic-like substance. Notably, under the same cumulative rainfall amount, DOM concentration gradually increased with the number of rainfall events in low-intensity rainfalls, but decreased sharply in high-intensity rainfalls. The relatively higher DOM concentration is beneficial to DOM sorption on minerals. These findings demonstrated that low-intensity rainfall facilitated the DOM retention on minerals especially in montmorillonite-rich soils. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-025-00484-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147910384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite adsorbent material for the effective removal of benzaldehyde from Chinese spirit: synergistic adsorption behavior of AC-SiO2","authors":"Xiuzhen Xu, Zhicheng Jiang, Shuguang Xu, Bi Shi","doi":"10.1007/s42773-025-00476-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00476-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The efficient conversion of distiller’s grains (DGs) into high-value products will promote the sustainable development of the Chinese spirit industry and reduce related environmental issues. Herein, a composite adsorbent material (AC-SiO 2 ) composed of activated carbon (AC) and silica (SiO 2 ) was prepared from DGs via sequential pyrolysis, KOH etching, and steam activation processes. AC-SiO 2 was used to remove benzaldehyde from the Chinese spirit to improve the aroma and quality of the spirit. The experiment results showed that, KOH etching effectively removed SiO 2 from DGs and exposing the carbon substrate for further steam activation, then the specific surface area of AC-SiO 2 extremely increased to 1213.0 m 2 g –1 . Steam activation introduced Si–OH/Si–H bonds on SiO 2 and –OH/–COOH groups on the carbon surface and increased the graphitization degree of the materials. After optimization of the AC-SiO 2 preparation processes, the obtained AC-SiO 2 removed 68.7% of benzaldehyde from the spirit. The high benzaldehyde removal rate of AC-SiO 2 was attributed to the synergistic effect of AC and SiO 2 components (binding energy up to − 15.45 kcal mol –1 ), where benzaldehyde was preferentially adsorbed on the AC-SiO 2 interface. Specifically, highly graphitized AC promoted the planar adsorption of the benzene ring in benzaldehyde via π-π stacking, and the Si–OH/Si–H bonds on SiO 2 adsorbed the aldehyde group of benzaldehyde via hydrogen bonding. This study not only presents a novel approach to DGs resource utilization, but also provides theoretical underpinnings and technical support for the spirit quality enhancement, significantly promoting the green and sustainable development of the spirit industry. Graphic Abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-025-00476-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147901231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing bread wheat resilience to cadmium and drought stress: insights from physiological, morphological, and transcriptomic responses to biochar and 24-epibrassinolide application","authors":"Fasih Ullah Haider, Noor Ul Ain, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Muhammad Farooq, Yuelin Li","doi":"10.1007/s42773-025-00457-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00457-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Drought and cadmium (Cd) stress threaten sustainable crop production, highlighting the need for resilent agricultural practices. Individual application of biochar (BC) and brassinosteroids (24-epibrassinolide; EBL) can mitigate drought and Cd stress. However, their synergistic effects on alleviating drought and Cd stress at transcriptomic level in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) remain underexplored. This study investigated the combined impact of BC (B 0 = 0% w/w and B 1 = 5% w/w) and EBL (H 0 = control and H 1 = 10 –6 M) on wheat physiology, biomass, and digital gene expression under Cd (30 ppm) and drought stress (D 0 = 75% water holding capacity (WHC) and D 1 = 35% WHC). Drought and Cd stress significantly reduced biomass and photosynthetic activity while increasing oxidative stress and Cd uptake. However, the combined application of BC and EBL treatments showed notable improvements: root fresh biomass, leaf area, and shoot fresh biomass were increased by 39.41%, 66.49%, and 78.25% under D 0 and by 48.24%, 63.76%, and 73.49% under D 1 , respectively, compared to the control. Moreover, Cd uptake by wheat leaves decreased by 71.42% under D 0 and 184.10% under D 1 with BC and EBL combined application. Transcriptome analysis identified 6,174 differentially expressed genes linked to detoxification, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and stress responses. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses highlighted metabolic processes and catalytic functions. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed key modules for stress adaptation, including secondary metabolite biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Transcription factor profiling showed upregulation of AP2/ERF , MYB , and WRKY families in the combined BC and EBL treatments. qPCR validation of RNA-seq data confirmed significant changes in gene expression, with the nitrate transporter and photosystem II CP47 exhibiting increased expression levels by 53.60% and 29.66%, respectively, under BC + EBL treatment at optimal moisture, and 53.38% and 48.82% under drought stress. In contrast, heavy metal transporter genes PMPCB and YCF1 were downregulated, which correlated with a reduction in Cd uptake. Interestingly, the regression analysis demonstrated that Cd concentration in leaves negatively correlated with ( dehydrin-/LEA group ) and ( cadmium tolerance factor ). Overall, this study confirms that combining BC and EBL effectively mitigates Cd stress in drought-affected wheat, enhancing growth and resilience. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-025-00457-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147888293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual roles of crayfish shell biochar on the fate of arsenic in acid and alkaline aerobic soils: insights from dissolved organic matter and metabolism genes","authors":"Tao Sun, Yuebing Sun, Penggang Pei, Qingqing Huang, Chao Wang, Shihang Wu, Xiaojia Zhou, Yingming Xu, Changbo Zhang, Gilles Mailhot, Davide Vione","doi":"10.1007/s42773-025-00454-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-025-00454-2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Arsenic (As) contamination poses a significant global environmental and health concern. Crayfish shell biochar (CSBC) has shown considerable potential for remediating As-contaminated soil. However, the effect of CSBC on As mobility in acid and alkaline aerobic soils, and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the variation in As availability, dissolved organic matter (DOM), microbial community, and As metabolism genes in CSBC-amended soil. Results indicated that CSBC application decreased the available As content in alkaline soil (4.5–9.9%), but increased it in acid soil (19.6–26.8%). The increase in soil pH and DOM humification degree, along with the decrease in DOM molecular weight, contributed to enhanced As mobility in CSBC-amended acid soil. Additionally, CSBC application stimulated microbial membrane transport and signal transport function in acid soil. Furthermore, it increased the relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium , Sphingomonas , Streptomyces , and Ktedonobacter , which harbor As(V) reduction ( arsC and arrB ) and As(III) efflux ( ACR3 ) genes, thereby promoting As mobility in acid soil. In alkaline soil, the CSBC provided additional bonding sites for As to mitigate its environmental risk. This study provides new insights into the critical role of biochar in influencing As fate in aerobic soil.","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-025-00454-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147889585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorptive-photocatalytic removal of tetracycline from wastewater by Fe3O4- and SnO2-containing biochar nanocomposites","authors":"Chuchen Zhang, Shuwen Zhao, Qilan Huang, Jianqiao Liu, Qianru Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00420-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00420-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tetracycline poses a major threat to the aquatic environment and human health, and there is an urgent need for a green, efficient and recyclable technological means to remove its negative effects. To address this need, three Fe 3 O 4 @SnO 2 modified wheat straw biochar nanocomposites with different Fe/Sn content ratios (Fe/Sn = 0.5, Fe/Sn = 1, and Fe/Sn = 2) were prepared by pyrolysis. The adsorption and degradation properties and related mechanisms of Fe 3 O 4 @SnO 2 modified wheat straw biochar nanocomposites were investigated by adsorption, degradation and free radical quenching experiments, as well as EPR analysis. The removal of tetracycline by Fe 3 O 4 @SnO 2 modified wheat straw biochar nanocomposites (Fe/Sn = 0.5) at pH 7.0 within 3 h was up to 91.80%, which is in accordance with the quasi-primary kinetic model. Under the interference of inorganic anions and cations, the removal of tetracycline by the composites was not affected by the coexisting ions except Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , HCO 3 − and CO 3 2− . The composites were able to efficiently remove tetracycline from pharmaceutical wastewater with a removal rate of 82.33%. It was found that the composites could be reused at least five times. FTIR, XPS combined with DFT calculations elucidated the mechanism of tetracycline removal by the composites, with •OH and •O 2 − being the main substances involved in the photodegradation of tetracycline, the incorporation of manganese dioxide quantum dots enhancing the response to visible light, and the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles resulting in rapid charge transfer and improved spatial separation of photogenerated carriers. The modification measures significantly increased the specific surface area of the biochar and enhanced the adsorption and photocatalytic properties. Based on these studies, the developed nanocomposites provide a new idea for the removal of antibiotics from pharmaceutical wastewater. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":503893,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42773-024-00420-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147893120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}