Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A Validated HPLC Method using C18 Analytical Column (Agilent) for the Estimation of Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride by Quality by Design Approach in Bulk and Its Tablet Dosage Form","authors":"Deepak D. Pokharkar, Raghavdeep Sharma, Shreelekha N. Desai, Lekha Dhake","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1285","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is used to treat muscle spasms brought on by acute, uncomfortable musculoskeletal diseases. The primary objective of this work is to develop accurate, quick and precise HPLC method for Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride. The method used is a Central Composite Design to get exact data for the procedure. Various parameters were used to validate and to develop method. The optimized model for the analysis of  Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride was found to have an area 8.3239. This optimization was done on the  C18 analytical column(Agilent) with mobile phase as methanol: 0.01 % Orthophosphoric acid (61:39 v/v) and a flow rate maintain was 0.9 ml/min with a detection wavelength of 224 nm. With the use of a correlation coefficient (r2=0.999), the linearity of Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride in the 5–25 ug/ml range was determined. The accuracy values were discovered to fall between 99.86 and 100.71%. While the robustness was shown to be less than 0.06 for flow rate and for wavelength was 0.09 % RSD, also the intraday and interday precision were determined to be under 0.28 and 0.29 % RSD. The most effective approach for analysing Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is the one that has been presented. The development and validation of the HPLC technique for Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride were assessed.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"58 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139802437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and Synthesis of Environmentally Benign Multifunctional Additives for Lube Oil","authors":"Manishita Nandi, Pranab Ghosh","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1284","url":null,"abstract":"Behenyl acrylate (BA) homo-polymer and its copolymers with citral were synthesized with varying percentage compositions (w/w) and subjected to thorough characterization through GPC (gel permeation chromatography) analysis and spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, NMR). The polymers' capability was assessed through viscosity index improvers/viscosity modifiers (VII or VM), anti wear (AW) additives and pour point depressants (PPD) for base oils (lubricating oil). The action mechanism of the PPD properties was investigated through photomicrographic analysis. Additionally, the thermal stability of the polymers was measured using TGA or thermo gravimetric analysis. Biodegradability tests on copolymers were conducted using soil burial test (SBT) and the Disc Diffusion (DD) method. The copolymers exhibited exceptional PPD, VII, and AW performance when incorporated into lubricating oil.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"537 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139807682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and Synthesis of Environmentally Benign Multifunctional Additives for Lube Oil","authors":"Manishita Nandi, Pranab Ghosh","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1284","url":null,"abstract":"Behenyl acrylate (BA) homo-polymer and its copolymers with citral were synthesized with varying percentage compositions (w/w) and subjected to thorough characterization through GPC (gel permeation chromatography) analysis and spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, NMR). The polymers' capability was assessed through viscosity index improvers/viscosity modifiers (VII or VM), anti wear (AW) additives and pour point depressants (PPD) for base oils (lubricating oil). The action mechanism of the PPD properties was investigated through photomicrographic analysis. Additionally, the thermal stability of the polymers was measured using TGA or thermo gravimetric analysis. Biodegradability tests on copolymers were conducted using soil burial test (SBT) and the Disc Diffusion (DD) method. The copolymers exhibited exceptional PPD, VII, and AW performance when incorporated into lubricating oil.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Intricacies and Functionalities of Galactose Oxidase: Structural Nuances, Catalytic Behaviors, and Prospects in Bio-electrocatalysis","authors":"Nneka Damola Ajayi, Ajayi Samson Abidemi, O. O. Olaniyi","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1282","url":null,"abstract":"Galactose Oxidase, also known as GOase, is an enzyme found mostly in Fusarium graminearum, Dactylium dendroides, and Gibberella fujikuroi. GOase, containing copper, serves catalytic functions in oxidizing substrates and primary alcohols such as d-galactose, benzyl alcohol derivatives, and dihydroxyacetone. The catalytic property of galactose oxidase that differentiates it from other enzymes is its cofactor consisting of a Cu (II)-bound Cys-Tyr* radical. The cofactor is vital for enabling regioselective oxidation. The application of galactose oxidase (GOase) covers several fields such as enzymatic synthesis, biosensors development, and processes of diagnosis. \u0000Galactose oxidase (GOase) was discovered to have a crystallographic structure by X-ray diffraction, which revealed an active site containing copper ions displaying relatively square pyramidal geometry. There are three unique structural and functional domains of the enzyme GOase. The domains include Tyr495 and a covalent bond between Cys228 and Tyr272 serving as equatorial and axial ligands, respectively. The mechanism of catalysis covers three different oxidation states, which include the active state containing Cu (II)-radical, the intermediate state containing Cu (II)-tyrosine, and the Cu(I)-tyrosine state. The cycle of catalysis that has been posited comprises several phases which are: (i) substrate binding, (ii) the transfer of proton (iii) the transfer of hydrogen atom, and (iv) subsequent oxidation steps. These phases eventually yield the synthesis of aldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. \u0000Galactose oxidase’s (GOase) mechanism of catalysis has been studied thoroughly via extensive research focusing on explaining the ping-pong mechanism that occurs in both oxidative and reductive half-reactions. The processes of activating and reactivating galactose (GOase) involve the transfer of electrons in which horseradish peroxidase (HRP) serves as an activator. The electrochemical investigations provide evidence of the electrochemical activation and reactivation of GOase in the presence of mediators. \u0000This comprehensive review enhances the comprehension of the structural complexities, catalytic mechanisms, and bio-electrocatalytic potential of GOase, thereby establishing a basis for future investigations and developments in technology.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139385667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation of Emulsion Paint Derived from Waste Expanded Polystyrene as a Binder","authors":"Uhiene Titus, Kalu M. Kalu, Mtswen Saa-Aondo, Luntsi John, Emmanuel K. Chinedu, J. M. Yelwa","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1283","url":null,"abstract":"Emulsion paint, also known as water-based paint, is a type of paint that consists of small water droplets suspended in a binder. The binder, typically made of acrylic or vinyl acetate polymers, acts as a film-forming agent that holds the pigments and other additives together. Emulsion paint was formulated from waste expanded polystyrene as a binder. The formulated emulsion paint which underwent a three-staged process had a pH of 7.82, density of 1.31 g/cm3, the drying time was 15-20 and 85-90 minutes for the set to touch and set to hard drying times respectively, viscosity of 10.4 Cp. The formulated paint exhibited good adhesion, tackiness, opacity, flexibility and stability properties. The paint also possessed good resistance to blistering; which indicates that it has good external exposure resistance and thus; can perform well when exposed to environmental conditions such as rain and sun. Effects of concentration on viscosity, density, melting point, refractive index, moisture uptake, turbidity, elongation at break and water solubility were studied for the polystyrene binder to ascertain for its suitability. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer was employed to characterized the binder. This investigation revealed favourable properties of a conventional emulsion paint inherent in the formulated polystyrene binder derived emulsion paint such as, drying time, moisture uptake, water solubility.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"93 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}