Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Health Risks Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Cultured Chanos chanos (Bangus) and Scylla serrata (Mudcrab) in Selected Municipalities in Northern Samar","authors":"Jaymar L. Erivera, Ma. Lourdes C. Alvarez, Tom Jericho L. Abobo, Kristine Rainiel L. Diaz, May C. Manla, Karina Milagros C. Lim","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2298","url":null,"abstract":"One of the common problem in fishponds is heavy metal contamination. Though there are some heavy metal elements that are naturally occurring, but due to human activities, their concentration goes beyond what is normal. In this study, health risks analysis using Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Total Hazard Quotient (THQ), Target Cancer Risk (TCR) were done to assess if the quantities of the heavy metals, such as: Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, and Mercury, impose risks to consumer. Arsenic had the highest concentration among all other heavy metals in crab aligue, having 46.83 mg/kg. The consumption of bangus meat may result in an EDI that is greater than PTDI, especially for Arsenic [15.22731-18.10317 μg kg−1 BW d−1]. Similarly, consuming crab aligue may also result to a high EDI for Arsenic [2.48197-5.27841μg kg−1 BW d−1]. THQ was also evaluated as well as the sum of individual heavy metal values which is the Hazard Index (HI) that exceeded to 1 multiple times. In terms of TCR levels, all of the heavy metals exceeded the acceptable limit for cancer risks. Shapiro-Wilk Test had shown non-normal distribution of data for EDI, THQ, and TCR. Spearman’s Correlation Test, meanwhile, suggested that there is a significant relationship between the quantities of heavy metals in bangus meat and crab aligue as well as EDI, THQ, and TCR. In general, based on the health risks assessments (EDI, THQ, and TCR), Arsenic, an established carcinogen, can be the greatest contributor in developing risks and disease, while the varying concentration of Chromium and Cadmium in the samples may also pose risks to consumers. This implies that strict management measures should be implemented to mitigate or lessen the discharge of these heavy metals in the aquatic systems.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and Characterization of Silica from Rice Husk: An Updated Review","authors":"Md. Tariqul Islam, Md. Faruk Hossen, Md. Ali Asraf, M. Kudrat-E-Zahan, C. M. Zakaria","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2296","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is regarded as one of the most valuable sources which is consumed by almost fifty percent of the world’s population. Rice husk ash is a by-product substance obtained from the rice husk by thermal and chemical treatment. The non-crystalline nature of silica content in rice husk, which is converted to crystalline silica such as quartz, tridymite, and cristobalite on thermal treatment. It has been an important material which impacts not only enhances the betterment of industrialization but also protects the environment from pollution. The produced silica was characterized by various analyses such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Thermal analysis. This review is given attention to integrating and investigating processing, properties, characterization, reactivity, and application of rice husk (RH) and rice husk silica (RHS).","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"90 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-Chemical Parameters and Bacteriological Quality Assessment of Some Domestic Water Sources in Pankshin LGA of Plateau State Nigeria","authors":"Chukwu Anthonia C, Zipporah Duguryil P, S. Lubis, Gambo Nanbol N, Denji Kitka B","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2295","url":null,"abstract":"Due to human activity and other natural influences, drinking water is seldom found in 100% pure forms in nature. Drinking polluted water is a major source of sickness in underdeveloped nations. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and standard methodologies for the investigation of water and wastewater were followed in the analysis of the collected water samples, which were conducted using automated instrumental methods. The obtained results indicated that the samples used had the following ranges of concentrations: SO42- ranges from ND to 19.00 mg/L; NO3-  ranges from 4.40 to 100.32 mg/L; PO42- from 2.02-11,34 mg/L; pH 6.64 to 7.70; Cd from 0.0020 ± 0.001 to 0245 ± 0.01 mg/L; Ni, from 0.0074 ± 0.003 to 0.848 ± 0.021 mg/L; Cr, ND to 0.386 ± 0.082 mg/L; Pb ND to 0.428 ± 0.003 mg/L; total bacteria count TaBC, 4 x 102 to 3.3 x 104 CFU/mL. Most of the physicochemical parameters were above acceptable limits. The bacteriological study of the water samples also revealed that the water samples were all polluted with bacteria and coliforms. From the foregoing, these drinking water sources, therefore require treatment before consumption to minimize or avoid the incidences of water-related diseases.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"70 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levels of Phthalate Acid Esters in Carbonated Soft Drinks Bottled in Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Bottles Kept under Various Storage Conditions in Mwanza City, Tanzania","authors":"Mrema, Evarist E., Chaula, D. N, Chove, B. E","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2294","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carbonated soft drinks (CSD), packaged in PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles, are among the most widely consumed non-alcoholic beverage globally. People of all ages enjoy CSDs for their flavour, mouthfeel, crispness, freshness, and capacity to both quench thirst and provide mental refreshment. Terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, and other additives such as phthalates are the materials used to make these PET bottles. Several studies have demonstrated that phthalates may migrate into packaged goods and, when consumed, can cause several ill-health conditions to humans. Type II diabetes, obesity, asthma, male and female reproductive disorders, tumours (including breast cancer), pituitary, hypothalamic, and peripheral hormone disorders, behavioral issues, and neurodevelopmental disorders are among the health issues reported to be associated with phthalates.\u0000Objective: This study aimed to ascertain the presence and concentration of phthalates in PET bottled carbonated soft drinks produced in Mwanza City, and to examine the effects of various storage conditions on the migration of these contaminants into the product.\u0000Methods: Liquid-liquid extraction, clean-up techniques, and chromatographic analysis were used as the methods of determination to identify and quantify the specific phthalates compounds.\u0000Results: The findings demonstrated that after being stored outdoors for four to six months, the migration, especially for dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di [2-ethylhexyl] phthalate (DEHP), became more apparent. After two, four, and six months of indoor storage, there was no appreciable change in the mean concentrations of DMP (dimethyl phthalate), DEP (diethyl phthalate), DBP (dibutyl phthalate), and DEHP for either brand in this study. Compared to indoor storage, the DBP and DEHP migration increased by up to 24-fold when the two brands were kept outdoors for four and six months. Thus, the safety and quality of carbonated soft drinks were seriously compromised by the phthalate compounds from the PET bottles that these companies were using.\u0000Conclusion: The study's conclusions show that PET packaging, which is influenced by the bottle manufacturing process and raw material formulations for packages of the studied CSDs, are responsible for the migration of phthalates into the products. The storage conditions and time are established to be the primary causes of phthalates migration in bottled carbonated soft drinks. Though the migration figures in this study are lower than those of the other studies from different locations that were compared, it is important to remember that these compounds may interfere with hormones even in small quantities.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"46 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140244550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Computational Approach on Fenofibrate Drug Using Degree-Based Topological Indices and M-polynomials","authors":"S. Nagarajan, M. Durga","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2293","url":null,"abstract":"Fenofibrate is a drug approved by FDA Food and Drugs Administration used to treat patients with Hypertrigly ceridemia primary hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia. It reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B and increases high -density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in adults. The sum and multiplicative versions of several topological indices such as General Zagreb, General Randic, Arithmetic Geometric Index, Inverse sum (Indeg) Index, Symmetric Division (Deg) Index, Forgotten Indices M-polynomials of Fenofibrate are computed in this article.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congo Red Removal from Polluted Water using NaOH Treated Fallen Leaves of Ficus racemosa","authors":"G. Indramahalakshmi","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2292","url":null,"abstract":"Naoh treated biosorbent  Ficus Racemosa Leaf Powder (NaFRLP) was prepared from the fallen leaves of the plant. FT-IR, SEM and BET analysis were done to characterize the biosorbent. The biosorbent was found to be mesoporous with an average pore size 18 nm. Batch adsorption equilibrium studies were conducted for the adsorption of congo red on NaFRLP as a function of adsorbent dosage, agitation speed, dye concentration, temperature and contact time. Batch adsorption studies revealed that with an increase in the time of adsorption, the percentage removal of congo red increases and with an increase in the concentration of dye solution, congo red removal decreases. Initial dye concentration of 100 mgL-1, agitation speed 200 rpm and adsorbent dosage 1gL-1 were the optimum conditions for the effective removal of congo red. The adsorption data well agreed with the Langmuir isotherm as indicated by the higher correlation coefficient (R2=0.962) value. Thermodynamic analysis of the batch adsorption studies indicated that all the processes studied were spontaneous with the congo red adsorption on NaFRLP being endothermic.  Intra particle diffusion model was also tested. NaFRLP was found to be an effective adsorbent for the removal of congo red from the polluted water.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Concentrations and Distributions of Natural Radionuclides in Soils of Abandoned Mine Sites of Jos South and Barkin Ladi in Plateau State Nigeria","authors":"Lubis S., Shibdawa M. A., Adamu H, Dahiru A. A., Bakji G, Ngap J.S","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2291","url":null,"abstract":"Barkin Ladi and Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State is situated in the central part of Northern Nigeria, on a rugged terrain of lowlands. It is the principal centre of tin and columbite mineralization, which forms the focal area of younger granites. The work was aimed at assessing the concentration and distribution of radionuclides in soils of abandoned tin mines and the soil’s physicochemical properties. The samples were collected in July, from five different locations in both Barkin Ladi and Jos South where mining activities were predominant. The samples were analyzed using a gamma-ray spectrometer. The result obtained reveals a range of the concentrations of 40K as 116.76 ± 0.21 to 250.15 ±0.,42 Bq/kg, 226Ra from 24.37 ± 0.31 to 90.45 ± 0.86 Bq/kg, and 232Th from 15.74 ± 0.71 to 88.43 ± 0.14 Bq/kg. The result of the physicochemical properties of the soil analyzed ranges from pH (3.12 to 6.81); organic carbon (0.01 to 1.62%); organic matter (0.22 to 3.01 %), cation exchange capacity (1.01 to 4,21Cmol/kg); clay (9.72 to 40.82 %); silt (8.32 to 40.32% and sand (32.42 to 75.38%) respectively. All the 40K results analyzed in all the sampling sites were lower than the recommended limits of 412Bq/kg, whereas most of the results of 226Ra and 232Th were above the 33Bq/kg and 45Bq/kg recommended safe limits. Exposure to elevated levels of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil can pose potential health risks to nearby populations. The physicochemical properties of the soil varied across the sampling sites. Most of the sampling sites are polluted with radionuclides and migrations of the radionuclides from the ex-mining sites to other parts of the environment were noticed from the studies conducted.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxovanadium (IV) Complexes of α-Amino Acid Schiff Bases and Polypyridyl Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity","authors":"Muhammad Atique Hasan, Hafizur Rahman, M. Haque, Md. Nazrul Islam","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2290","url":null,"abstract":"Oxovanadium(IV) complexes of the type [VO(L)(bpy)] (V-1 to V-5) have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR and UV-Vis spectra, molar conductance, melting points, and magnetic susceptibilities measurements, where L= N-salicylidene-β-alanine (sal-ala), N-salicylidene-glycine (sal-gly), N-salicylidene-DL-β-phenylalanine (sal-pheala), N-salicylidene-leucine (sal-leu), and N-salicylidene-DL-methionine (sal-met), and bpy is 2,2´-bipyridine. The infrared spectral data reveals that the tridentate nature of the amino acid-based Schiff base ligand and the coordination of the ligand through azomethine nitrogen, phenolic oxygen and carboxylate oxygen with vanadyl (VO2+) ion. All of these complexes were determined to be non-electrolyte in nature, according to conductivity measurements. The magnetic moment measurements have been attributed that these complexes are paramagnetic and have d1 configuration of vanadium (IV) ion. In Virto antimicrobial activity of the synthesized complexes was evaluated against two gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and two gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris) bacterial strains.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Principle Governs the Chemical Dynamic/Kinetic Process (3)?","authors":"Wei-Xing Xu","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2289","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we discussed the description of the chemical dynamic/kinetic process. It is noticed that the conventional one way description about the chemical dynamic/kinetic process is a mathematically correct but physically incorrect description, because the chemical reaction doesn’t follow the one way mechanism as scientist’ will. Instead, the forward chemical dynamic/kinetic processes are always accompanied by the backward chemical dynamic/kinetic processes. Based on this physical picture for the chemical reaction dynamic/kinetic process, it is concluded: 1.the forward and backward chemical reactions follow the same route, just the time direction is reversed and 2.the exponential factor of the rate constant of the chemical reaction is the same for forward and backward chemical reaction dynamic/kinetic processes.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water from Hand-dug Wells in Some Communities in Ekpeyeland, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"Ekpete, O. A., Edori, O. S., Okidhika, C. U.","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i1288","url":null,"abstract":"Well water sources from selected communities in Ekpeyeland were assessed for the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The assessment was conducted seasonally in six communities. The concentrations of the PAHs were determined using standard methods and procedures and finally quantified by the use of GC-MS chromatography. The result showed the presence of all the 16 USEPA priority PAHs in the examined water samples. Seasonal variations were not significant. The summed values of PAHs from stations and seasons were above the permissible limit required for by WHO. Classification of the different categories of PAHs identified higher molecular weight (HMW) PAHs more in concentration than lower molecular weight (LMW) PAHs in the wells. Source identification proved that both pyrogenic and petrogenic sources were responsible for the presence of PAHs in the well water. However, pyrogenic source was the more prominent source of PAHs in the water. There was high level of carcinogenic PAHs in the water and thus the water portends danger to the users. Therefore, the locals are advised not to consume the water to avoid its effect on the long run.","PeriodicalId":503889,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"163 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}