Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki最新文献_第5页

Drafting “Free and Voluntary People” in 1697 and the System of Military Recruitment in Russia on the Eve of the Northern War 1697 年征召 "自由自愿者 "和北方战争前夕俄罗斯的征兵制度

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.125-138

М. V. Hatskevich

{"title":"Drafting “Free and Voluntary People” in 1697 and the System of Military Recruitment in Russia on the Eve of the Northern War","authors":"М. V. Hatskevich","doi":"10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.125-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.125-138","url":null,"abstract":"In the historiography of the military reforms during Peter I’s reign, the focus has primarily been on the 1699 mass recruitment of conscripts for life (datochnye lyudi), free people (vol’nye lyudi), and itinerants (gulyashchie lyudi), as well as on the recruitment duty imposed in 1705. However, to gain a better understanding of the specifics of the Russian army’s recruitment system prior to the Northern War, the earlier mobilization measures must be considered. This article discusses the course and results of the 1697 recruitment by analyzing the regiments of K. Rigeman and D. Maine. The Order-in-Charge Prikaz records are used to disclose the recruitment mechanisms and their progress in different administrative levels and territories. In addition, the Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire is studied as the major regulatory document, and I. Zhelyabuzhsky’s notes and Patrick Gordon’s diary are examined as the primary sources. Detailed descriptions are provided of where soldiers were registered, what documents were required at different stages of recruitment, and how soldiers were transported to their duty stations. The recruitment rates in various cities are shown. The social consequences faced by conscripts of different origins are outlined. It is concluded that despite the difficulties and problems at certain stages, two new regiments were quickly equipped during the 1697 recruitment. The drafting of free people and itinerants led to serious conflicts, forcing the government to gradually curtail the recruitment. Overall, the practical steps taken during the 1697 recruitment proved to be effective and determined subsequent recruitment campaigns of the late 17th century.","PeriodicalId":503809,"journal":{"name":"Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki","volume":"106 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Objects as Agents (Some Comments on O.L. Gubarev’s Response) 作为代理的物体（对 O.L. Gubarev 的回应的一些评论）

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.103-112

D. V. Puzanov

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“I Take True Pleasure in Working with Archives…”. Vladimir Ivanovich Savva: Reflections on the Thorny Path of a Historian "我真正喜欢与档案打交道......"。弗拉基米尔-伊万诺维奇-萨瓦对历史学家艰难道路的思考

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.151-161

А. К. Gladkov

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The “Female presence” in Safeguarding and Continuing the Heritage of Historian V.I. Guerrier: E.V. Guerrier 保护和延续历史学家 V.I. Guerrier 传统中的 "女性存在"：E.V. Guerrier

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.162-169

N. Rostislavleva

{"title":"The “Female presence” in Safeguarding and Continuing the Heritage of Historian V.I. Guerrier: E.V. Guerrier","authors":"N. Rostislavleva","doi":"10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.162-169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.162-169","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers the main milestones in the life of Elena Vladimirovna Guerrier (1868–1942), the daughter of the prominent Russian historian V.I. Guerrier. She was highly educated and fluent in four European languages, including German. During World War I, she was in Germany where she cemented her status as a fervent patriot of Russia and made every attempt to repatriate Russian subjects. E.V. Guerrier became widely respected for her contributions in the fields of school education and philanthropy. The recognition she received on the 25th anniversary of her hard work highlights that her public endeavors and initiatives were highly appreciated. After the October Revolution in 1917, E.V. Guerrier went through difficult times. She took care of her ailing father, who eventually succumbed to his illness. She was also arrested twice and served some time at Butyrka prison. In an attempt to integrate into Soviet society politically, E.V. Guerrier worked as a librarian and researcher at Lenin’s State Library for over ten years. However, due to her poor health, she retired in 1928. Until her death in 1942, she organized and safeguarded V.I. Guerrier’s scientific heritage by thoroughly revising his articles. She rewrote her father’s memoirs, which is a valuable source of information about the establishment of women’s higher education in Russia.","PeriodicalId":503809,"journal":{"name":"Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki","volume":"113 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Further Discussion on the Oath of the Rus… (Responding to D.V. Puzanov) 进一步讨论《俄罗斯誓言》（回应 D.V. Puzanov）

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.92-102

О. L. Gubarev

引用次数: 0

The Role of the Oath Taken by Foreigners for Becoming Naturalized Russian Citizens (from the 15th to the Early 20th Century) 外国人入籍俄罗斯公民宣誓的作用（从 15 世纪到 20 世纪初）

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.113-124

I. K. Voronin

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Gunpowder Production in Peter the Great’s Russia (Insights from Russian Historiography) 彼得大帝俄国的火药生产（俄罗斯历史学的启示）

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.139-150

Т. V. Alexeev

{"title":"Gunpowder Production in Peter the Great’s Russia (Insights from Russian Historiography)","authors":"Т. V. Alexeev","doi":"10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.139-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.139-150","url":null,"abstract":"Based on an analysis of the studies published by Russian researchers of the pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and post-Soviet periods, the article overviews the development of gunpowder production in Russia during the reign of Peter I, from the end of the 17th century to the first quarter of the 18th century. The early development of military-technical policy pursued by the Russian state in producing gunpowder is considered. Its inconsistency and zigzag nature are shown. The industrial infrastructure for gunpowder production and the major stages of its history are described. The characteristic features that point to its institutionalization as an integral part of the Russian military industry are identified: state management of the industry, centralized introduction of new techniques, and establishment of an effective personnel training system. The conclusion is made that the efforts to achieve self-sufficiency in gunpowder production through the use of saltpeter and sulfur were unsuccessful. Gunpowder production in Russia was also greatly influenced by the European raw materials market and technical expertise. The need for further research on this topic is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":503809,"journal":{"name":"Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki","volume":"124 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethnical Identity and Ethno-Cultural Needs of the Russian Urban Population in the Republic of Tatarstan 鞑靼斯坦共和国俄罗斯城市人口的民族认同和民族文化需求

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.192-203

V. E. Kozlov, Т. А. Titova

{"title":"Ethnical Identity and Ethno-Cultural Needs of the Russian Urban Population in the Republic of Tatarstan","authors":"V. E. Kozlov, Т. А. Titova","doi":"10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.192-203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.192-203","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers the features of “ethnic culture” and its place in the everyday and spiritual life of the Russian urban population of the Republic of Tatarstan. Its symbolic and functional importance for various sociodemographic groups is explored. The population of Tatarstan is viewed as a single historical and ethnographic community descending from the Great Russians of the Volga region. The structure of the social identity types and the characteristics of ethno-cultural group practices are described. Special attention is paid to how social space and ethno-cultural needs are related. The comparative analysis of different social groups of the urban and rural Russian residents of Tatarstan is carried out. The study employs the hermeneutic approach to decipher social phenomena with symbolic meanings. The theoretical insights and generalizations are based on the materials of a comprehensive ethno-sociological study performed on the modern Russian population of Tatarstan in 2022 with the help of both quantitative (mass survey) and qualitative (in-depth interviews, focus group) methods. The results obtained show a direct relationship between the type of ethnic identity and the level of ethno-cultural needs among the Russian urban population of Tatarstan. It is also concluded that many ethno-cultural practices, from the ritualized tradition to personal interiorization, have transformed under the influence of the socio-cultural landscape of the city.","PeriodicalId":503809,"journal":{"name":"Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki","volume":"117 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Science on Display”: The Russian Phenomenon of Science Popularization in Eric Ashby’s Perspective "展示科学"：埃里克-阿什比眼中的俄罗斯科普现象

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.182-191

V. Р. Korzun

{"title":"“Science on Display”: The Russian Phenomenon of Science Popularization in Eric Ashby’s Perspective","authors":"V. Р. Korzun","doi":"10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.182-191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.182-191","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers the popularization of Soviet science through the lens of the Australian botanist Eric Ashby, the author of the book “Scientist in Russia” published in New York in 1947. Although it has gone unnoticed in Russian historiography, this publication deserves thoughtful consideration for many reasons. Firstly, it addresses the current problem of public history. Secondly, it clarifies the role of cultural factors and national traditions in the development of Soviet science. Thirdly, it sheds light on the formation of a system of values in relation to science and scholars, which is closely linked to commemorative events. As an attentive foreign observer, E. Ashby succeeded in sketching his ideas about Soviet science. Here, his viewpoints are analyzed. The conceptualizing of the phenomenon of science popularization associated with academic anniversaries is discussed with respect to the celebration of the 220th anniversary of the USSR Academy of Sciences in June 1945, in which E. Ashby participated. The conclusions drawn from the study are as follows. E. Ashby related the extensive popularization of Soviet science to cultural paradigm, Russian literature, pre-revolutionary enlightenment practices, and the practical concept of applied knowledge. He emphasized the important role of science popularization in elevating the status of scientific knowledge and scholars in Soviet society. However, he also stressed possible negative consequences of overpopularized science, such as the hierarchization of the academic community based on popularity rather than scientific achievements.","PeriodicalId":503809,"journal":{"name":"Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki","volume":"102 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Roman Centurions as Agents of Imperial Power: Delegated Authority and Judicial Functions 作为皇权代理人的罗马百夫长：权力下放与司法职能

Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.79-91

Е. S. Ivanova

{"title":"Roman Centurions as Agents of Imperial Power: Delegated Authority and Judicial Functions","authors":"Е. S. Ivanova","doi":"10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.79-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2023.4-5.79-91","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the influential role of the Roman centurions in the provincial government of the Roman Empire by analyzing their judicial and administrative powers. The results of modern historiographical research show that the military institution was closely intertwined with the Roman “government without bureaucracy:” the provincial governors’ offices were mainly staffed by military personnel and headed by the first cohort’s centurions. However, their administrative functions, although crucial in governing the provinces, have been insufficiently studied. The judicial power of the centurions has been viewed by scholars in two different ways: either as detrimental to the central government due to possible abuse by military personnel or as exceptional because it was not needed in the Romanized and urbanized areas of the empire. Here, based on the epigraphic evidence and papyrus data, the judicial and administrative duties of the centurions, including those delegated by the Roman imperium’s holders, are considered. Their involvement in the work of the municipal authorities is discussed. The conclusion is made that it was quite common for the centurions to hold extra managerial powers. In many cases, this was deemed legitimate as it did not contradict Roman law and stemmed from the long-established Roman practices.","PeriodicalId":503809,"journal":{"name":"Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki","volume":" 626","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0