Qeios最新文献

{"title":"The State of the ‘Planet’ Pillar by 2022 — A Partial Ordering-Based Analysis of the Sustainable Development Goals 6, 12, 13, 14, and 15","authors":"Lars Carlsen","doi":"10.32388/yjtdy1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/yjtdy1","url":null,"abstract":"The 2022 Sustainable Development Report provides the data for the so-called Planet pillar, i.e., the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6, 12, 13, 14, and 15 that are studied to elucidate the state of simultaneous compliance with these five goals as well as the trends in development for the 193 countries included in the report. To the extent that data for all five SDGs were available partial ordering methodology was applied as the analytical tool to rank the countries according to their compliance as well as their trend toward compliance based on the 2022 data. The analytical approach allows simultaneously taking data for all five SDGs into account to get an overall picture of the “planet” midway through the 15 years of the 17 UN SDGs. From the analyses, it became clear that high-income countries, despite their economic capacity are lagging both about the actual state and especially about the trend of development toward eventual compliance with the goals. The analyses further pinpointed that SDG 6 – clean water and sanitation – appeared as the most important indicator for the ranking of countries or regions. Building on the author’s previous research on the topic, this study points to the necessity for high-income countries to focus on the eventual compliance with the goal, both for themselves as well as for supporting countries with less economic capacities.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of: \"Determinants of Severe Acute Malnutrition Among 6-59 Months Children in Nutritional Care Centers of Lumbini Province, Nepal: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study\"","authors":"B. Afolabi","doi":"10.32388/69goq4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/69goq4","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of: \"Open Science Project DMP - Team Atreides\"","authors":"Chiara Parravicini","doi":"10.32388/493f5x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/493f5x","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140682891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of: \"Protocol OCPRIP\"","authors":"Salvatore Di Marzo","doi":"10.32388/kmlz4h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/kmlz4h","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140685580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When cat rescue fails — Part 1. Lion-clip shaving, enilconazole bathing and oral itraconazole treatment failed to control an iatrogenic Microsporum canis outbreak in a shelter: but a novel ophytrium-chlorhexidine shampoo and mousse treatment succeeded in the home","authors":"DD Addie, J. G. Livy, Bvms Mrcvs, GPCertExAP Mrcvs","doi":"10.32388/mujvn0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/mujvn0","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To identify the reason(s) for failure to prevent repeated nosocomial dermatophyte infection of shelter cats and to present alternative strategies which are less stressful to the cats and humans involved.\u0000\u0000ANIMALS: The Dorset branch of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) seized 30 of 32 Persian cats from a cat breeder on the 2nd of August 2019 and put them into Ashley Heath RSPCA shelter. Two cats and three dogs were left at home. All 30 cats were returned to their guardian in July 2020. Three cats died between 2020 and 2022, leaving 29 cats which were seized on the 8th of March 2022 and put into two RSPCA shelters. The dogs were not seized. Four cats were later euthanased.\u0000\u0000METHODS: RSPCA Animal Treatment Reports along with photographs used for evidence in the court case against the breeder and the veterinary records of their primary veterinary surgeon were retrospectively reviewed.\u0000\u0000RESULTS: Clinical signs of dermatophytosis occurred on the index_ _case one week after dematting with clippers in August 2019. _Microsporum canis_ (_M. canis) _was cultured from 27 of 30 (90%)_ _cats on the 39th day of the Ashley Heath shelter stay in 2019. _M. canis_ infection could only have been acquired while in RSPCA care because the incubation period from infection to development of clinical signs for _M. canis_ is one to three weeks, and there was no history of ringworm in their home.\u0000\u0000Efforts to control the ringworm outbreak in the shelter included lion clipping, weekly enilconazole bathing and oral itraconazole (EI treatment) for five or seven weeks until culture negative. Six cats became culture positive again in 2020. Cats were housed in pairs in 2019 to 2020 and singly in 2022, therefore transmission was indirect (i.e. via fomites).\u0000\u0000Two cats remained positive when the cats were returned to their guardian in 2020, all 30 were treated with a single ophytrium-chlorhexidine (Douxo S3 Pyo) shampoo followed by ophytrium-chlorhexidine mousse rubbed into their fur for three weeks. It was reasonable to conclude that the ophytrium-chlorhexidine treatment had cleared the _M. canis_ infection for the following six reasons: first no cat developed clinical signs of dermatophytosis during the 20 months in their home. Second, no obvious ringworm lesions were seen on the photographs taken for evidence and third, no veterinary surgeon noted in the records any lesions suspicious of dermatophytosis during the examination of the cats within days of them being seized again in March 2022. Fourth: no positive dermatophyte results were produced as evidence during the trial (ringworm charges against the owner were dropped). Fifth: three of four dermatophyte tests performed on EI untreated cats were negative and samples from the positive cat were after three months in the shelter. Sixth: no EI treatment was administered until the cats had been in the shelters again for two and a half months. Nevertheless, shelter staff assumed ringworm inf","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140686328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Contribution of Subsistence Agriculture to the Livelihoods of the Smallholder Farmers in South Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Arthur-Josué Nyatemu Zenda Za Begani, F. Orach-Meza, Alex Barakagira","doi":"10.32388/je9wzw","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/je9wzw","url":null,"abstract":"Subsistence agriculture is practiced in most parts of the world on a limited space of land by farmers. It is mainly dependent on human power that results into production of food consumed at household level, with little or no surplus for sale. A study about the contribution of subsistence agriculture to the livelihoods of the smallholder farmers in south Kivu province was carried out. A total of 303 smallholder farmers were randomly selected and interviewed to examine the effects of practicing subsistence agriculture on the socioeconomic status of the farmers. How the socioeconomic status attained by the farmers influenced their sustainable livelihoods was also assessed. Data were analyzed using means, frequency distribution, correlation, ANOVA and Chi square test. Thematic analysis was done on qualitative data. The farmers practiced shifting and primitive agriculture, intensive subsistence, and nomadic herding. There was a significant difference in the yields of crops grown (F = 0.0088; P = 0.05), while education and income status significantly affected the farmer’s socioeconomic status by practicing subsistence agriculture (P < 0.05). An average mean value of 3.12 for the components of the farmers’ livelihoods were exhibited, with the human capital mean value being highest (4.16) compared to natural, social and financial capital. The socioeconomic status attained had a significant effect on sustainable livelihoods of the farmers at P < 0.05. This implies that the smallholder farmers need to be trained by the agricultural extension workers better and sustainable methods of farming for higher crop yields. In addition, the Central Government though the Ministry of Agriculture, should avail improved seed inputs to the local community for better crop yields. All these will enable the smallholder farmers improve their socioeconomic status and at the same time attain higher sustainable livelihoods.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140686219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Report on the Ratings of Psychiatrists Using the Psychiatric Impairment Rating Scale: Some Australian Data","authors":"James Athanasou","doi":"10.32388/wcwn91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/wcwn91","url":null,"abstract":"The _Psychiatric Impairment Rating Scale _has been used in Australia for over 20 years to determine a compensable proportion for patients with a personal injury. This study examined the records of the ratings of 30 psychiatrists on the scale. Psychological injury versus other injury was distinguished by the_ PIRS_. Correlations between the aggregate score, the median class and the overall percentage impairment rating were all high (.819 to.960). The distribution of ratings on each of the six sub-functions varied markedly. There was a preponderance of category 3 ratings and the distribution of overall percentage impairment was skewed negatively. The coefficient alpha based on the aggregate score was.731. Independent ratings (N=15) of the same patients, however, showed substantial concurrent stability of judgements.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Celebrities Endorsement on Consumer Purchase Intentions for Soft Drink Products in Tanzania","authors":"Omary Swallehe","doi":"10.32388/fch3nt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/fch3nt","url":null,"abstract":"RESEARCH PURPOSE: The study attempted to find an answer to the effect of celebrity endorsement on customer purchase intention for soft drinks in Tanzania.\u0000\u0000CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATION: The current study is built on the three main aspects of celebrity endorsement: (source attractiveness, source expertise, and match-up). It was hypothesized that source attractiveness, Source expertise, and match-up positively affect consumer purchase intention of soft drinks in Tanzania.\u0000\u0000METHOD AND DESIGN: The study employed a cross-sectional research design whereby data was collected from 450 customers of soft drinks in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Descriptive analysis and Stepwise multiple regression models were used to analyze the data collected for this study.\u0000\u0000MAIN RESULTS: The current study found that celebrity endorsement positively impacts consumer buying intention because it ensures the attainment of product recognition, advertisement, promotions, and others, which automatically assures consumers of buying intent. Apart from that, with the relationship between celebrity endorsement and consumer buying intention, all three predicting variables tested on the dependent variable have been found positive with a significant effect statistically on the consumers buying intent. However, of the three explanatory variables, celebrity attractiveness has more weight in explaining the impact than the other two variables.\u0000\u0000THEORETICAL/METHODOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS: This paper contributes to the body of literature by showing that many studies employ only two models (Source attractiveness and source expertise) in studying celebrity endorsement as independent variables. Match-up being utilized as a moderating variable, the current study has employed all three variables as independent variables, resulting in a 56.7% ability of the variables to explain the variance of the dependent variable.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Artificial Lighting on Avian Biodiversity: A Case Study of Udaipur (Rajasthan), India","authors":"Raghvendra Mishra, Lavina Soni, S. Shukla","doi":"10.32388/9t79sy","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/9t79sy","url":null,"abstract":"The pervasive presence of artificial light in urban environments significantly affects biodiversity. This study investigates the impact of light pollution on avian biodiversity in Udaipur, India. Excessive artificial lighting alters natural habitats, disrupts ecosystems, and affects the behaviour and abundance of various avian species.\u0000\u0000The study was conducted in Udaipur from December 2019 to March 2023, utilizing Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) DNB Free Cloud Composite Imagery and field surveys. The research spanned rural and urban landscapes, employing methods such as timed species counts and point counts to assess avian fauna. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index was used to measure biodiversity, with ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests for statistical analysis.\u0000\u0000VIIRS data analysis revealed three light pollution clusters: dark, moderately dark, and bright areas. Avian diversity varied across these clusters, with significantly higher diversity observed in dark areas. Daytime and night time observations also showed variations, with higher biodiversity observed at night. Common species exhibited significantly higher abundance in brighter areas, while moderately dark and dark areas supported greater diversity.\u0000\u0000Artificial lighting has profound effects on avian biodiversity in Udaipur. Bright areas exhibit reduced biodiversity, while dark areas support richer ecosystems. This study underscores the importance of managing light pollution to preserve avian diversity and maintain ecological balance in urban environments.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ways to Protect the Environments of the Itaúnas Cloud Fish - Xenurolebias Myersi (Carvalho, 1971) – Inhabitant of the Restinga Swamps, Conceição Da Barra, Northern Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil","authors":"Luisa Maria Sarmento Soares, Rodrigo Damasio Ribeiro De Castro, R. F. Martins-Pinheiro, Isabel Boock De Garcia","doi":"10.32388/cntssz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/cntssz","url":null,"abstract":"Itaúnas is a locality of rare scenic beauty, with white sand dunes in the middle of the savanna coastal environments, known as restinga, and many flooded pools, forming a unique landscape. In these ponds of dark water, matte tea colored, lives a fish, _Xenurolebias myersi, _an endemic inhabitant of Itaúnas. The survival of this unique little fish is worrisome. The living environments of the Itaúnas cloud fish are under pressure, and it is threatened with extinction as well. As inhabiting temporary, almost isolated environments, this fish is almost unknown. Locally, the population is unaware that the region is inhabited by an endangered fish, which only exists there in Itaúnas. A form of protection comes through the awareness of their presence among the population of the village. The present contribution aims to shed light on the knowledge of _Xenurolebias myersi_, in order to turn the fish better known locally, and point out the urgency to protect the Velha Antonia stream, a river drainage closer to the village of Itaúnas, where the fish was caught for the first time.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}