Qeios最新文献

{"title":"How Factually Accurate is GPT-3? A Focused Case Study on Helping Malaysia’s B40s Through e-Commerce","authors":"N. A. Z. Abidin, K. K. Mohd Shariff, I. Yassin, A. Zabidi, A. Saadon, N. Tahir, Abdul Rahim Ridzuan, Megat Syahirul Amin Megat Ali","doi":"10.32388/g2gh34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/g2gh34","url":null,"abstract":"GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3) is an advanced natural language processing model utilizing unsupervised learning to generate sophisticated human-like text. GPT-3 has been lauded for its potential to revolutionize the field of natural language processing, with its capacity to generate a variety of text with a high degree of fluency and accuracy. We examine the ability of GPT-3’s to produce text related to a focused subject matter: alleviating poverty in Malaysia through e-Commerce. We especially examine GPT-3’s ability to produce factual responses within this narrow context. It was discovered that GPT-3 could produce plausible statements, albeit some of them being factually debatable or incorrect due to how its training data was sourced. We also discuss how GPT-3 could be used unscrupulously to either produce academic-sounding responses that appear to be a product of research, but possibly untrue or inaccurate and discuss its potential ramifications (such as propaganda and disinformation). We end the paper with some suggestions to the brilliant team at OpenAI to further improve GPT-3 for the advancement of humankind.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Outpatient Management of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases in Abuja Public Hospitals","authors":"Nkeiruka Grace Osuafor, C. Ukwe, Brian Onyebuchi Ogbonna","doi":"10.32388/6q6g8y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/6q6g8y","url":null,"abstract":"AIM. Diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are among the reasons for most outpatient consultations. The study aimed to evaluate the reported experiences of patients being managed for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the outpatient clinics of Abuja public hospitals.\u0000\u0000METHOD. A prospective cross-sectional study of 787 systematically sampled patients receiving care in five public hospitals in Abuja was conducted. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the number of yearly consultations, problems encountered in accessing trained health personnel, time spent on hospital appointments, major treatment challenges, and ways to improve their experience on hospital visits. Management experience was defined as good or poor. Patients who consulted at least four times in a year, reported no problems in accessing trained health personnel, and had no treatment challenges were regarded as having a good management experience. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to summarize the data. Logistic regression was used to predict and classify the binary outcomes. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.\u0000\u0000RESULTS. More of the patients (66.2%) had up to four consultations in a year. Long waiting time (56.1%) was the common problem encountered when accessing trained medical personnel. The major treatment challenge was hospital waiting time (49.4%). The mean time spent in the hospital on appointment days was 5.04±1.80. Approximately 40% of the patients suggested proper scheduling of hospital appointments as the major way to improve treatment experiences. Poor management was recorded by 96.6% of the patients. Logistic regression showed that a higher educational level (OR = 0.031, 95% CI [0.008-0.119], _P=_0.001) was associated with reporting poor management.\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION. The average number of yearly consultations was below the minimum standard, and patients spent long hours on consultation days before meeting with healthcare personnel. Most patients were dissatisfied with the services received and rated them poor.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feature Selection and Classification of Type II Diabetes on High Dimensional Dataset","authors":"Priya Vinoth","doi":"10.32388/v4izct","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/v4izct","url":null,"abstract":"Information mining is a methodology of bringing huge models utilizing recorded information. It is normally utilized in different real applications to be express web records, double dealing distinctive confirmation talk attestation, human organizations, and so forth. Reenacted insight includes are utilized in information mining to imagine the future occasion subject to the models conveyed utilizing solid information. All the highlights got during information assortment may not be altogether important to the objective class of the model. Highlight choice is a system which picks the best subset of highlights in dataset to upgrade the demonstration of an information mining or AI estimation. As of now, observational assessment is driven on Naïve Bayesian classifier utilizing Pima Indian Type II Diabetes dataset with all the highlights what's more the subset of the highlights picked by predefined python libraries. The presentation of Naïve Bayesian classifier is assessed on all of things to come subset of the dataset to consider the effect of the high dimensionality on the presentation of Naïve Bayes Classifier.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Aspects of Maxwell’s Equations, Klein-Gordon Equations, and Heat and Mass Transfer Equations in an n-Dimensional Maximally Symmetric Space-Time from the Classical and Quantum Mechanical Standpoints","authors":"H. Parthasarathy","doi":"10.32388/jxial3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/jxial3","url":null,"abstract":"This manuscript examines Maxwell’s equations, Klein-Gordon equations, and heat and mass transfer equations in n-dimensional maximally symmetric space-time. It investigates these equations in spherical and hyperbolic spaces embedded in higher-dimensional Euclidean and Minkowski spaces. The study focuses on the implications of these geometries and symmetries on the behaviour of the equations, highlighting how specific transformations and parametrizations impact their solutions. The findings reveal the underlying connections between geometric symmetries and physical laws, providing insights into their possible applications in theoretical physics. We touch upon both classical and quantum mechanical aspects of density and velocity evolutions with time in the universe. Quantum mechanical aspects of single and two-particle state evolution and statistical moments of the matter four-current are derived from the quantum Boltzmann equation and Feynman’s path integral method for fields applied to gravity interacting with electrons and positrons.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 21st Century MONADOLOGY or Principles of Philosophy","authors":"Jonathan Edwards","doi":"10.32388/8rdkgi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/8rdkgi","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a recasting and tribute to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’s 1714 text, known as the Monadology_,_ on its 300th anniversary (first released in 2014 with some revisions in 2024), analysing it from a 21st century philosophical and scientific perspective. Leibniz’s monads are reinterpreted as indivisible dynamic modes of action as described by modern physics. His key insights regarding the relational and perspectival nature of reality, and the distinction between the telic causation of indivisible entities vs the efficient causation of aggregates, are highlighted as prescient of quantum physics and the correspondence principle. The practical biological application of his ideas requires updating, but even there, he shows some remarkably forward-looking thoughts. The traditional concept of an immortal human soul is replaced by an audience of ephemeral cellular “listeners” that apperceive the living story of a person. Leibniz’s principles are seen to contain powerful and still relevant insights into the nature of physical reality, human knowledge and ethics, meriting further exploration in light of contemporary science. In summary, while specific aspects of Leibniz’s synthesis require updating, his core logical principles and global vision retain surprising relevance and potential for reframing our understanding.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140658073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of: \"nanostructural and analysis capabilities of both technologies in a single platform\"","authors":"Serena Amelia","doi":"10.32388/fcvw9f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/fcvw9f","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p/>","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Berchemia zeyheri — A Swazi Medicinal Plant","authors":"Manoharan Karuppiah Pillai","doi":"10.32388/pextmk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/pextmk","url":null,"abstract":"_Berchemia zeyheri_ belongs to the Rhamnaceae family_. B. zeyheri_ has been used in the traditional medicine to treat various ailments, which include backache, cough, diarrhea, dysentery, headache, rectal ulcers, gastrointestinal issues and vomiting. The objectives of the present study were to analyze phytochemical constituents, to evaluate the antioxidant activity and to determine IC50 values of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol crude extracts obtained separately from the leaves and stem-bark of _B. zeyheri. _Qualitative of phytochemical analysis was performed by using established methods and procedures. Various solvent extracts were obtained by means of maceration and hot solvent extraction techniques. The assessment of antioxidant activity and the determination of half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were achieved by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins and phlobatannins were identified in these extracts. In the DPPH assay, the positive control (ascorbic acid) showed a radical scavenging activity of 87.84±0.01 at a concentration of 3000 µg/mL. The ethyl acetate extracts obtained from leaves and stem-bark exhibited highest radical scavenging activity of 67.91±0.01% and 70.22±0.01%, respectively at a concentration of 3000 µg/mL, whilst hexane extracts obtained from leaves and stem-bark showed least radical scavenging activity of 48.88±0.04 % and 49.19±0.01%, respectively at the same concentration. The IC50 value of ascorbic was found to be < 200 µg/mL in the DPPH assay. On the other hand, the methanol and hexane extracts obtained from leaves showed IC50 values of 1513.30 and 2759.00 µg/mL µg/mL, respectively which were the lowest and highest IC50 values among the extracts from leaves. Similarly, the ethyl acetate and hexane extracts obtained from stem-bark showed IC50 values of extracts 1228.59 and 2647.28 µg/mL, respectively which were the lowest and highest IC50 values among the extracts from stem-bark. From this study, we conclude that various extracts obtained from the leaves of stem-bark of _B. zeyheri_ possessed various classes of phytochemicals and these extracts showed a weak to moderate radical scavenging activity. Further studies on this plant are required to explore its therapeutic applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140660272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elvio Fachinelli — Psychoanalysis of Dissension in Italy","authors":"Pietro Barbetta","doi":"10.32388/z8u6a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/z8u6a9","url":null,"abstract":"I recently wrote a chapter on the book _The Years of Alienation in Italy_ (Barbetta, 2019) focusing on the persona of Elvio Fachinelli (1928-1989). In this essay, I will outline Fachinelli’s thought and clinical practice from the 1960s to the 1980s, up until his premature death at 61, in 1989. Fachinelli was a prominent exponent of the critical psychoanalysis in Milan; he was a peculiar type of psychoanalyst, not the kind of person easily to be enrolled or framed into a mainstream – whether it be Freudian or Lacanian. But this is not Fachinelli’s main highlight; during the years following 1968 in Europe, there have been many left-wing dissidents, or libertarians, psychiatrists, psychologists and psychoanalysts: Ronald Laing, Franco Basaglia and Franca Ongaro, Franz Fanon, Felix Guattari, just to mention few.\u0000\u0000Fachinelli is important for three main contributions to the field: 1. the way he shaped the connection between psychoanalysis and historical materialism; 2. the issue concerning the possibility of a different kind of psychoanalysis for the working class; and 3. his singular approach concerning what I call _corporeal turn_ in psychotherapy.\u0000\u0000The arguments with Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan are at the center of the following essay. The years of Fachinelli’s work have not had the same influence and popularity as Lacan’s in Italy. However, Lacan was interested in involving Fachinelli within his movement, yet Fachinelli refused Lacan’s proposal and advanced theoretical and clinical reasons – that I will mention and analyse in this paper - for such said refusal.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140664044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling and Mapping of Aboveground Carbon of Oluwa Forest Reserve Using LandSat 8 TM and Forest Inventory Data","authors":"E. Ajayi, Bolanle Lizzy Bamidele, Ayorinde Ajayi","doi":"10.32388/ebupof","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/ebupof","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in Oluwa Forest Reserve to assess and predict its aboveground carbon sequestration potentials using LandSat Thematic Mapper data. The Oluwa Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria, is recognized for its rich biodiversity and extensive size. To estimate its forest aboveground biomass and carbon should be complex and costly endeavour requiring the expertise of various professionals and equipment. Consequently, this study explored the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technology using LandSat bands to estimate spectral indices in fitting linear models to predict the aboveground carbon sequestration potentials of the tropical rainforest ecosystem of Oluwa Forest Reserve. The observed aboveground carbon from sample plots and the estimated spectral indices were used to model the spread of aboveground carbon of Oluwa Forest Reserve. Positive linear relationship exists between the observed and the spectral indices data estimated. Therefore, linear models were fitted and the best-fit was determined using statistical measures. The aboveground carbon average estimated from the sample plots and the predicted were 150.70 t/ha and 149.80 t/ha, respectively. The coefficient of determination 94% and Root Mean Square Error = 6.38E-16, respectively were obtained statistically. The chosen model predicts the aboveground carbon spread of Oluwa Forest Reserve adequately. The study revealed that spectral data, GIS and RS are critical for large forest aboveground carbon modelling and mapping for efficiency.\u0000","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140661227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of: \"The conceptual design of focused ion beam nanolithography uses and integrates similar components: sources, extraction and acceleration, optics, scan coils, sample stage, electron detectors, etc. Interestingly, the focused ion beam nanolithography equipment\"","authors":"Serena Amelia","doi":"10.32388/biwbqx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/biwbqx","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p/>","PeriodicalId":503632,"journal":{"name":"Qeios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140664192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}