{"title":"Humanizing Chatbots for Political Campaigns: How Do Voters Respond to Feasibility and Desirability Appeals from Political Chatbots?","authors":"Yunju Kim, Heejun Lee","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Informed by the construal level theory (CLT) and accounting for anthropomorphism, we investigated the effectiveness of political chatbots in influencing voting intentions. This study employed a three-way analysis of variance test with a 2 (anthropomorphism: anthropomorphism vs. non-anthropomorphism) × 2 (message type: feasibility vs. desirability appeal) × 2 (political ideology: conservatives vs. liberals) between-subjects experiment (n = 360). The findings reveal that participants showed higher voting intention after conversing with a highly anthropomorphic chatbot (vs. non-anthropomorphic chatbot) and when the chatbot delivered desirability (vs. feasibility) appeals. Participants also exhibited a higher voting intention when the chatbot was less anthropomorphic and it delivered feasibility (vs. desirability) messages. Moreover, we identified the three-way interaction effects of anthropomorphism, message appeal type and political ideology on voting intention. These findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79873363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Itzel Alessandra Reyes Flores, Carmen Mezura-Godoy, E. Benítez-Guerrero
{"title":"Social Interventions to Encourage Co-Located Collaborative Learning in a Tangible User Interface","authors":"Itzel Alessandra Reyes Flores, Carmen Mezura-Godoy, E. Benítez-Guerrero","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Technologies that support co-located group activity should not only provide a shared workspace, but they should also encourage collaboration. For this, it is necessary to know the structure of the group and how the members of the group work in order to achieve a common goal. In this paper, an observational study of groups of students interacting in a tangible user interface was performed. This study allowed us to identify social interactions and phenomena that can affect the collaboration and performance of the group. These phenomena can be for instance that some members of the group may contribute to the activity, while others may not. In order to minimize these phenomena in a co-located group activity, we propose interactions, which we call social interventions, that might be used by a coaching system to encourage group collaboration in co-located settings.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87648422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sami Koivunen, Otto Sahlgren, Saara Ala-Luopa, Thomas Olsson
{"title":"Pitfalls and Tensions in Digitalizing Talent Acquisition: An Analysis of HRM Professionals’ Considerations Related to Digital Ethics","authors":"Sami Koivunen, Otto Sahlgren, Saara Ala-Luopa, Thomas Olsson","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The practices of organizational talent acquisition are rapidly transforming as a result of the proliferation of information systems that support decision-making, ranging from applicant tracking systems to recruitment chatbots. As part of human resource management (HRM), talent acquisition covers recruitment and team-assembly activities and is allegedly in dire need for digital aid. We analyze the pitfalls and tensions of digitalization in this area through a lens that builds on the interdisciplinary literature related to digital ethics. Using three relevant landmark papers, we analyzed qualitative data from 47 interviews of HRM professionals in Finland, including team-assembly facilitators and recruitment experts. The analysis highlights 14 potential tensions and pitfalls, such as the tension between requesting detailed data versus respecting privacy and the pitfall of unequal treatment across application channels. We identify that the values of autonomy, fairness and utility are often especially at risk of being compromised. We discuss the tendency of the binary considerations related to human and automated decision making, and the reasons for the incompatibility between current digital systems and organizations’ needs for talent acquisition.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43978924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Suhaimi, Yixuan Zhang, Nutchanon Yongsatianchot, Joseph D. Gaggiano, Anne Okrah, Shivani A. Patel, S. Marsella, Miso Kim, Andrea G. Parker, Jacqueline A. Griffin
{"title":"Social Media Use and COVID-19 Vaccination Intent: An Exploratory Study on the Mediating Role of Information Exposure","authors":"Nurul Suhaimi, Yixuan Zhang, Nutchanon Yongsatianchot, Joseph D. Gaggiano, Anne Okrah, Shivani A. Patel, S. Marsella, Miso Kim, Andrea G. Parker, Jacqueline A. Griffin","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We stumble upon new and repeating information daily. As information comes from many sources, social media continues to play a predominant role in disseminating information, ultimately impacting individuals’ perceptions and behaviors. A prime example of this impact was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, in which social media use was influencing willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. While studies on this relationship between social media use and vaccination intent have been widely investigated, less is known about the mechanisms that link these two variables, specifically the types of information seen on social media platforms and the effects of these different types of information. In this exploratory study, we demonstrate the mediator role of information exposure (to include both types of information and frequency) between social media use and vaccination intent. Our results show that different types of information mediate this relationship differently and demonstrate how these relationships were further moderated by the income level of the participant. We conclude with the implications of these findings and how our findings can inform the direction of future research within the field of human–computer interaction.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43256152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas Pedroso Carvalho, Joana Gabriela Ribeiro de Souza, R. Prates, A. P. Freire
{"title":"SIM-SR - Semiotic Inspection Method Mediated by Screen Reader: Analysing the Benefits of Bringing Communicability to the Accessibility Evaluation Table","authors":"Lucas Pedroso Carvalho, Joana Gabriela Ribeiro de Souza, R. Prates, A. P. Freire","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Accessibility--> inspection methods provide an important complement to user evaluations in the development of interactive systems. However, many inspection methods tend to focus on violations of guidelines and are limited in conveying the impact of such problems when delivering their results. Drawing from the theoretical framework of Semiotic Engineering of Human–Computer Interaction, this paper presents SIM-SR—Semiotic Inspection Method Mediated by Screen Reader and an investigation to collect indicators about the method’s applicability and insights it can generate. In order to assess its applicability, we conducted three case studies employing the method, analysing how aspects of accessibility and communicability were approached and results generated. Regarding SIM-SR insights, we used WCAG 2.1 criteria to discuss how communicative breakdowns relate to accessibility guidelines and their impact. Our results show that SIM-SR went beyond identifying guidelines violations and led evaluators to consider the impact of accessibility issues on the system’s communicability and different levels of communicative breakdowns that users with visual disabilities could experience during interaction.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85867674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Longitudinal Study of Self-Disclosure in Human-Chatbot Relationships","authors":"Marita Skjuve, Asbjørn Følstad, P. Brandtzæg","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Self-disclosure in human–chatbot relationship (HCR) formation has attracted substantial interest. According to social penetration theory, self-disclosure varies in breadth and depth and is influenced by perceived rewards and costs. While previous research has addressed self-disclosure in the context of chatbots, little is known about users' qualitative understanding of such self-disclosure and how self-disclosure develops in HCR. To close this gap, we conducted a 12-week qualitative longitudinal study (n = 28) with biweekly questionnaire-based check-ins. Our results show that while HCRs display substantial conversational breadth, with topics spanning from emotional issues to everyday activities, this may be reduced as the HCR matures. Our results also motivate a nuanced understanding of conversational depth, where even conversations about daily activities or play and fantasy can be experienced as personal or intimate. Finally, our analysis demonstrates that conversational depth can develop in at least four ways, influenced by perceived rewards and costs. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79261943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sherlon Almeida da Silva, E. Milios, Maria Cristina Ferreira de Oliveira
{"title":"Evaluating Visual Analytics for Relevant Information Retrieval in Document Collections","authors":"Sherlon Almeida da Silva, E. Milios, Maria Cristina Ferreira de Oliveira","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Retrieving information from document collections is necessary in many contexts, e.g. researchers search for papers on a topic, physicians search for records of patients with a certain condition and police investigators seek relationships between different criminal reports. Finding relevant textual content in a corpus can be challenging in scenarios where the users expect a retrieval process with high recall. Visual Analytics (VA) systems that integrate interactive visualizations and machine learning algorithms are often advocated to support retrieval tasks in such complex scenarios. However, few studies report an end-user perspective on the utility of such systems. We present results from observational studies on VA-supported information retrieval conducted with graduate students and researchers using a system to explore collections of scientific papers. While users have, in general, positive views of the system’s potential to facilitate their retrieval tasks, some faced practical difficulties in using it effectively, and we found considerable variation in their assessment of specific functionalities. Our findings reinforce the potential of VA systems and also the importance of carefully informing users of the underlying conceptual models in such systems and their limitations.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80483445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Stenkamp, Benjamin Karic, Paula Scharf, J. Verstegen, C. Kray
{"title":"Using an Immersive Video Environment to Assess Pedestrians’ Compliance With COVID Distance Keeping Interventions","authors":"J. Stenkamp, Benjamin Karic, Paula Scharf, J. Verstegen, C. Kray","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Physical distancing is a key measure to slow the spread of many highly infectious diseases, e.g. COVID-19. Streetscape interventions such as pedestrian signage can contribute to ensuring distances are kept, but it is unclear to what extent people comply with these in practice. This paper tackles this question using an immersive video environment to realistically simulate real-life streetscapes in the lab. In a controlled user study, we augmented panoramic video footage with pedestrian one-way street signage and recorded route decisions to assess compliance with distance keeping measures. Our results indicate that such signage affects routing decisions and can thus help pedestrians to avoid crowded situations where distance keeping is difficult. We also identified further factors affecting decisions and a correlation between intention to comply and actual compliance. The experimental method we used enabled us to effectively and safely carry out a study of a phenomenon that in the real world depends on interaction with the physical environment. This method may have applications in other areas in which simulations of physical environments are important.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48866804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Motivation, Nomophobic Design and Environmental Demands Predict Students’ Media Multitasking when Participating in Online Courses During COVID-19: An Empirical Study with a HCI Time and Temporality Lens","authors":"Xiangang Qin, Torkil Clemmensen, Hongqin Xin","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is an emerging shift in human–computer interaction (HCI) research from things to events and towards time and temporality as a design material, which is made even more urgent by the unique time of the COVID-19 period. This paper pushes this shift forwards by investigating factors and the way that these shape online media multitasking behaviour over time during COVID-19. We model the factors along the WHAT and HOW dimensions of the HCI-over-Time model (HCIoT) with self-report data from 117 university students and objective behavioural data from 40 university students, who participated in an online course over 2 weeks during COVID-19. The results indicated a pervasiveness of media multitasking behaviour over time in an online course, driven by individual factors and enhanced by their mutual fit. Based on interpretation of our data, we suggest conceptualizing the COVID-19 period as the larger temporal environment in the HCIoT model. The discussion further explains how the broader idea of human–computer-environment fit is significant to understand HCIoT through an interaction lens. We discuss methodological issues related to differentiating between self-report and behavioural measures when applying the HCIoT model. The conclusion supports the feasibility and significance of conceptualizing media multitasking during COVID-19 as temporal HCI and of further developing and operationalizing the HCIoT model by using both behavioural and self-report measures.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135677418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandy J. J. Gould, A. Rudnicka, Dave Cook, Marta E. Cecchinato, Joseph W. Newbold, A. Cox
{"title":"Remote Work, Work Measurement and the State of Work Research in Human-Centred Computing","authors":"Sandy J. J. Gould, A. Rudnicka, Dave Cook, Marta E. Cecchinato, Joseph W. Newbold, A. Cox","doi":"10.1093/iwc/iwad014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Over the past few decades, a small but growing group of people have worked remotely from their homes. With the arrival of the coronavirus pandemic, millions of people found themselves joining this group overnight. In this position paper, we examine the kinds of work that ‘went remote’ in response to the pandemic, and consider the ways in which this transition was influenced by (and in turn came to influence) contemporary trends in digital workplace measurement and evaluation. We see that employers appeared reluctant to let certain classes of employee work remotely. When the pandemic forced staff home, employers compensated by turning to digital surveillance tools, even though, as we argue, these tools seem unable to overcome the significant conceptual barriers to understanding how people are working. We also observed that, in the United Kingdom context, the pandemic didn’t mean remote work for a significant proportion of the population. We assert that, to maximize its impact, ‘future of work’ research in human-centred computing must be more inclusive and representative of work, rather than focusing on the experiences of knowledge workers and those involved in new forms of work.","PeriodicalId":50354,"journal":{"name":"Interacting with Computers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47992587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}