{"title":"Data-driven transient stability analysis using the Koopman operator","authors":"Amar Ramapuram Matavalam , Boya Hou , Hyungjin Choi , Subhonmesh Bose , Umesh Vaidya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present data-driven methods for power system transient stability analysis using a unit eigenfunction of the Koopman operator. We show that the Koopman eigenfunction with unit eigenvalue can identify the region of attraction of the post-fault stable equilibrium. We then leverage this property to estimate the critical clearing time of a fault. We provide two data-driven methods to estimate said eigenfunction; the first method utilizes time averages over long trajectories, and the second method leverages nonparametric learning of system dynamics over reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces with short bursts of state propagation. Our methods do not require explicit knowledge of the power system model, but require a simulator that can propagate states through the power system dynamics. Numerical experiments on three power system examples demonstrate the efficacy of our method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 110307"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Fu , Jia Liu , Yixiao Gao , Yixin Zhou , Fang Xu , Xi Deng
{"title":"Coordinative optimization for wind farms considering improved fatigue load index","authors":"Lei Fu , Jia Liu , Yixiao Gao , Yixin Zhou , Fang Xu , Xi Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the wind farm(WF), there exists a serious uneven distribution of damage equivalent load(DEL) on the wind turbine(WT), which increases the maintenance cost of wind power generation. Previous researches focus on a single objective such as the total or the standard deviation of fatigue loads for optimal control. To address these, this paper proposes a coordinative optimization by considering an improved fatigue load index. The coordinative optimization is achieved on both WF level and WT level. For WF level, a state-space model is built for the active power dispatch by utilizing small signal linearization. Then, an improved sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the fatigue load on the component of the tower and shaft. Further, a coordinative multi-objective function is designed, which minimizes the total DEL of the WF, and balances the individual fatigue load distribution of the WT. For WT level, an adaptive internal model control is proposed to suppress both tower vibrations and torque fluctuation of the main shaft. Several experiments are performed to verify the significance of the proposed method with the weight analysis of power and load coefficient. The comparison results reveals the superiority of the coordinative optimization in restraining the total DEL of the WF, balancing WF fatigue distribution, decreasing the DEL of the single WT, and satisfying the power reference tracking simultaneously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 110282"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro Francesco Castelli , Iiro Harjunkoski , Jan Poland , Marco Giuntoli , Emanuele Martelli , Ignacio E. Grossmann
{"title":"Solving the security constrained unit commitment problem: Three novel approaches","authors":"Alessandro Francesco Castelli , Iiro Harjunkoski , Jan Poland , Marco Giuntoli , Emanuele Martelli , Ignacio E. Grossmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes three novel approaches to speed up the solution of the Security Constrained Unit Commitment problem: an improvement of an active-set iterative approach taken from literature, an approach using solver callback functions for the evaluation of system and security constraints in the branch-and-bound tree, and one based on a shrinking horizon decomposition integrated with the use of callback functions. The three approaches were tested over five different case studies and compared against an approach taken from literature to assess scalability and performance. Results show that the modified iterative approach is always faster than the original one reported in the literature (between −58% and −93% run time), while the callback-based method does not reduce the computational time of large-scale instances. Finally, the shrinking-horizon-based approach was proved to be the fastest (up to −98% less time) despite not guaranteeing optimality (about 1% suboptimal).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 110213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil , Safia Babikir Bashir , Mena Maurice Farag , Ali A. Adam Ismail , Abdul-Kadir Hamid , Nsilulu T Mbungu , Ramesh C. Bansal , A. Elnady , Nirav Patel
{"title":"Direct modulation in MMC-Based multiterminal hybrid Microgrid: A solution for arm capacitor voltage balancing under unbalanced power distribution","authors":"Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil , Safia Babikir Bashir , Mena Maurice Farag , Ali A. Adam Ismail , Abdul-Kadir Hamid , Nsilulu T Mbungu , Ramesh C. Bansal , A. Elnady , Nirav Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising interest in hybrid alternating current (AC)/ direct current (DC) microgrids among the global research community can be attributed to the widespread adoption of distributed generation systems (DGs). Therefore, this study applies the modular multilevel converter (MMC) in interconnected microgrids to serve as an interlinking converter involving the AC and DC systems. In this topology, the MMC consists of several submodules (SMs) where a low-voltage direct current (LVDC) microgrid is connected to the output of each SM through a dual active bridge (DAB) converter. As a result of using this topology, more LVDC microgrids can be linked, thus enhancing power transition feasibility. However, during unequal power distribution across LVDC microgrids, the arm capacitor voltage balancing becomes a challenging task and if left unsolved, it will result in unbalanced output voltage at the MMC terminal, thereby affecting the overall system. Therefore, this paper proposes the use of the direct modulation method that is capable of naturally producing fundamental and DC components of the circulating current within the MMC. These circulating current components are responsible for uniformly distributing the energy between the arms of the MMC and balancing the arm capacitor voltage. The effectiveness of the proposed method is further assessed through real-time simulation in the OPAL-RT (OP5700) environment. The findings of this study validate that direct modulation can maintain the optimal performance of a multiterminal hybrid microgrid based on MMC under unbalanced power conditions without applying additional controllers, thus simplifying the system design, and improving the overall efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 110274"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mojtaba Biglarahmadi , Abbas Ketabi , Hamid Reza Baghaee , Josep M. Guerrero
{"title":"Two-layer distributed control of hybrid AC/DC microgrids supplying nonlinear, unbalanced and constant-power loads","authors":"Mojtaba Biglarahmadi , Abbas Ketabi , Hamid Reza Baghaee , Josep M. Guerrero","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonlinear, imbalanced, and constant power loads pose significant technical and power quality challenges in both AC and DC microgrids. Hybrid AC/DC microgrids further compound these complexities. In response, this paper presents a novel hierarchical control scheme comprising primary and secondary layers for such microgrids. The proposed scheme introduces innovative cooperative voltage and frequency secondary control methods, complementing conventional droop-based primary controllers. This hierarchical structure aims to provide acceptable voltage and frequency regulations, as well as power sharing in both AC and DC sub-grids, mitigating issues arising from various loads. Specifically, the DC sub-grid maintains its stability in the presence of constant power loads, while the AC bus output voltages maintain sinusoidal waveforms. Finally, we conduct digital time-domain simulation studies on a test microgrid system using the MATLAB/Simulink environment to assess the performance of the proposed control strategy. We compare the results with previously reported methods. The results demonstrate that the proposed methods effectively share power with reduced overshoot and faster convergence toward desired values compared to conventional controllers. Simulation analyses validate the superiority and efficacy of the proposed control scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 110298"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenjie Kang , Li Zhang , Zhenzhen Hu , Zhuoqun Xia
{"title":"A secure and efficient data aggregation scheme for cloud–edge collaborative smart meters","authors":"Wenjie Kang , Li Zhang , Zhenzhen Hu , Zhuoqun Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart meters are part of the Advanced Measurement Infrastructure (AMI) system in the smart grid. It facilitates data transfer between consumers and electricity suppliers (ES). However, the mass deployment of smart meters (SM) brings heavy overhead to grid operation and poses serious privacy threats. To this end, this paper proposes a secure and efficient data aggregation scheme of cloud–edge collaboration smart meters. At first, we standardize the users’ historical electricity load features and use the improved K-Means clustering algorithm to calculate the Euclidean distance between feature vectors to obtain the classification results of users’ load features. On this basis, ES generates relevant parameters to encrypt meter data and protect users’ data privacy based on classification results. The aggregator (Ag) performs the data aggregation, generates the overall signature using the Schnorr aggregation signature method, and sends it to the cloud server (CS). The ES queries the CS to obtain data and parses it to realize the customer billing service. Meanwhile, this paper executes a series of experiments, and the results show that the proposed scheme exhibits significant advantages in privacy protection and system operation efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 110270"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finite time adaptive resilient control method for distributed energy storage systems considering disturbance effects","authors":"Jian Sun , Zewen Li , Jianqi Li , Jianquan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.110315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The large-scale application of measurement devices, programmable controllers, and power electronic devices increases the likelihood of distributed energy storage systems suffering from various disturbances, thus affecting the stable operation of the system. In this paper, an adaptive finite time fast resilient control strategy is proposed for the unknown transmission disturbance in the control channel of distributed energy storage system. Firstly, the adverse effects of sensor and actuator disturbances on conventional consensus-based secondary control strategies are quantitatively analyzed. Secondly, an resilient control protocol with adaptive compensation mechanism based on terminal sliding mode is proposed, and the suppression mechanism of the controller to the unknown disturbance of the sensor and the actuator is analyzed, and the finite time convergence of the proposed distributed resilient secondary control strategy is proved theoretically. Experimental results show that the proposed control strategy is correct and effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 110315"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}