Yufei Xi , Yuguang Song , Meng Chen , Jiansheng Zhang , Lin Cheng , Zhe Chen
{"title":"A novel smart community: Combining a flexible heating system as electrical demand response to enhance local renewable energy integration","authors":"Yufei Xi , Yuguang Song , Meng Chen , Jiansheng Zhang , Lin Cheng , Zhe Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to ineffective coordination, energy communities integrating wind turbines (WTs) and photovoltaic/ photothermal (PV/PT) systems often fail to fully harness local renewable energy sources. To overcome this challenge, this paper proposes a novel smart community (SC) framework that incorporates a flexible heating system (HS). The proposed HS facilitates dispatchable solar power generation and responsive heat–electricity demand management by integrating medium-high-temperature photothermal (MHTPT) and ground-source heat pump (GSHP) technologies. Meanwhile, a dual-objective scheduling model is formulated to minimize the operating costs and carbon emissions of the SC system, and its effectiveness is validated through case studies. A hybrid solution architecture combining branch-and-reduce with multi-learning-task is proposed to efficiently solve the mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model and generate multiple optimal Pareto solutions. Case studies on different system configurations validate the superior performance of the proposed SC in reducing operating costs and carbon emissions while enhancing local renewable energy integration. Additionally, the impact of varying renewable on-grid tariffs on SC system operations is analyzed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110775"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reactive power limit of wind farm with doubly-fed induction generators and its asymmetric P-Q dependence","authors":"Shenghu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The existing reactive power limit models of doubly-fed induction generators ignore the relation among wind speed, rotor speed, and active power output. Furthermore, they are decided by stator voltage and reactive power setting, but the former is uncontrollable, and the latter is different from the maximum/minimum reactive power. The reactive power limit of wind farm with doubly-fed induction generators and collectors is important to power system dispatch, but has not been studied. In this paper, iterative solution to reactive power limit model of the doubly-fed induction generator is proposed, with the novelty of correspondence of wind speed to active power, not using simplified slip power, and independent of the reactive power setting. By alternatively solving the reactive power limits of the doubly-fed induction generators and power flow of the collectors, the reactive power limit of wind farm is proposed, which is based on the voltage at the point of common coupling instead of the stator voltage. It is found that with the same wind speed and grid voltage, the upper/lower reactive power limit of wind farm is asymmetrical. Dependence of active power on the reactive power limit is newly described by a quadric function. Simulation results give the reactive power limit of the doubly-fed induction generators and wind farm, compare the active power at the upper/lower reactive power limit, and verify the impacts of the voltage at the point of common coupling and wind speed on the dependence of active power on the reactive power limit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110819"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Ahmed T.A. Elgalhud , Mohammad Navid Fekri , Syed Mir , Katarina Grolinger
{"title":"Federated Online Learning for adaptive load forecasting across decentralized nodes","authors":"Mohamed Ahmed T.A. Elgalhud , Mohammad Navid Fekri , Syed Mir , Katarina Grolinger","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Load forecasting is vital for a country’s power industry and economy, playing a crucial role in infrastructure planning, grid operation, and resource allocation. In recent years, Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been dominating load forecasting; however, traditional ML requires transferring data from different sensors, such as smart meters, to a central location for model training, and then the static models are used for forecasting. The main drawbacks are twofold: (1) data sharing and transfer results in privacy and security risks, and (2) static models miss opportunities to learn from new data. Federated learning has been proposed to address the first drawback while online learning tackles the second one. However, integrating the two remains challenging as it requires reconciling the distributed yet static paradigm of FL with the centralized yet dynamic sequential updating characteristics of online learning. Consequently, this paper proposes Federated Online Learning (FOL) which reconciles federated and online learning to provide adaptive distributed load forecasting. The local nodes employ a modified online learning technique based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to learn from streaming data, while the federated learning process, including aggregation, is designed to accommodate sequential learning. Moreover, FOL includes communication control parameters to manage the exchange of information, synchronization, and network traffic. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed FOL outperforms traditional offline models and achieves similar results to online models while providing the benefits of adaptive distributed learning without local data sharing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110779"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy flow analysis of electricity-heat integrated energy system with ring-shaped heat-supply network under accident conditions","authors":"Guangzhe Liang, Xiaoming Zhang, Chonglei Ding, Peihong Yang, Jiaoyang Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To further investigate the operation mechanism of the electricity-heat integrated energy system with the ring-shaped heat-supply network under accident conditions, this paper deeply analyzes the energy flow results of the system under the accident condition by combining the solution methods of complex network and energy flow tracking. Firstly, based on establishing a refined calculation model of electricity-heat integrated energy system with the ring-shaped heat-supply network and proposing a weighted line betweenness index and a weighted node betweenness index, the accident condition analysis model of electricity-heat integrated energy system containing the ring-shaped heat-supply network is developed. Then, a calculated example containing four working cases in electricity-heat integrated energy system is simulated according to the results of system vulnerability identification and the layout of the heat pipe network. In the process, compare and analyze the operating parameters variation of the system from five aspects, namely, system energy flow distribution, energy flow tracking details, power system node voltage stability indexes, specific friction of the heat system pipe segments, and the results of vulnerability identification. The results indicate the regulation of energy reallocation and stability variation of integrated energy system with the ring-shaped heat-supply network under the accident condition, which provides theoretical support for the optimized design of the system and the response scheduling strategy to the accident.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110810"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coupled memory sampled-data control for fractional stochastic wind energy conversion models","authors":"Girija Panneerselvam, Prakash Mani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to design a coupled memory sampled-data control (CMSDC) for fractional stochastic wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). Theoretically, this paper introduces a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based WECS, which is crucial in predicting and optimizing system behavior without physical implementation and also useful in analyzing the various operating conditions. Mathematically, the model comprises voltage equations, electromagnetic torque, mechanical dynamic equations, and wind turbine mechanical power (WTMP). Technically, WTMP has wind speed characteristics, which are random in nature, hence, this study analyzes the PMSG-based WECS model through stochastic differential equations (SDEs). Besides, this paper extends the SDEs into fractional SDEs (FSDEs) that help to capture the long-term memory patterns and dependencies by introducing Hurst parameters into the derivative of Brownian motion. Further, this study introduces the equivalent linear submodels for complex nonlinear stochastic PMSG-WECSs in the Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) sense. To monitor and ensure stable performance, the external controllers become necessary. In this regard, this study proposes a sampled-data control involving the coupling characteristics and memory effects. Furthermore, this study proposes sufficient stability conditions in the form of inequalities by utilizing the Lyapunov stability theory, which may act as a threshold property for the different sets of model parameters. Moreover, this study validates the performance of proposed control algorithms that outperform certain traditional control schemes, which include proportional integral (PI) and proportional–integral–derivative (PID) in terms of fractional stochastic PMSG-based WECSs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110781"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danyang Li , Hongpeng Liu , Jingwei Zhang , Xu Han , Shuxin Zhang
{"title":"Multistage power generation planning approach for new power systems with high renewable energy integration considering flexibility constraints","authors":"Danyang Li , Hongpeng Liu , Jingwei Zhang , Xu Han , Shuxin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the “dual-carbon” goals, the integration of high-proportion renewable energy has amplified operational uncertainties in new power systems, posing novel challenges to the economic planning of generation system expansion. However, existing power planning methodologies suffer from static modeling defects, incomplete constraint systems, and oversimplified cost structures, rendering them inadequate to support the low-carbon transition of emerging power systems. This necessitates a comprehensive consideration of system variability and flexibility to establish a multi-stage generation planning model. Addressing these limitations, this paper develops a fundamental multi-stage planning framework based on scenario tree structures, further incorporating carbon emissions and penalty costs for curtailed renewable energy. A flexibility-constrained multi-stage generation planning model is formulated, which resolves nonlinearity through auxiliary variable linearization and Benders decomposition algorithm. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a 47.3% reduction in total 10-year planning costs for a typical regional system, comprising 39.5% operational cost savings and 46.3% carbon emission cost reduction, while elevating renewable energy accommodation rate to 80%. The model fulfills economic-environmental requirements and ensures system reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110818"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingyu Shao , Jiawei He , Bin Li , Bohao Zhou , Yan Li , Zhongrun Xie , Runbin Cao
{"title":"Impact analysis of zero-sequence current rounding deviation on time-domain distance protection and its improved algorithm","authors":"Mingyu Shao , Jiawei He , Bin Li , Bohao Zhou , Yan Li , Zhongrun Xie , Runbin Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The time-domain distance protection performs well under the influence of renewable energy generation characteristics, such as frequency offset and phase controlled character, thus having outstanding application prospects in systems with renewable power generation accessed. But, it is discovered that, the fast time-domain distance protection algorithm based on weighted accumulation might mal-operate during system normal operation. The essential reason of this issue is rounding deviation of the zero-sequence current in the protection device. Therefore, this study analyses the effect of rounding deviation in zero-sequence current on the fast time-domain distance protection. And the improved time-domain distance protection algorithm, based on the random correction of zero-sequence current, is proposed. The corresponding protection prototype is developed based on the proposed algorithm. By simulation and hardware-in-loop experiments, it is fully demonstrated that the proposed algorithm effectively mitigates the influence of rounding deviation. Furthermore, the accuracy of distance calculation during faults is not adversely affected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110798"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qi Liu, Xu Chu, Letian Fu, Shaoshuai Yu, Weidong Wang
{"title":"Integrated protection scheme for hybrid AC/DC transmission grids","authors":"Qi Liu, Xu Chu, Letian Fu, Shaoshuai Yu, Weidong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the limited Right-of-Way (ROW) for transmission lines, AC and DC transmission lines are transferred in parallel and adjacent to each other, forming a hybrid AC/DC transmission overhead line system for the consumption of renewable energy. The system is affected by extreme weather or complex external environment, which is easy to induce AC/DC intersystem fault (ISF). As a new fault type, the unique phenomenon and characteristics of ISF challenge the conventional protection concepts. This paper analyzes the fault characteristics of hybrid AC/DC transmission overhead line system based on “Yang-Zhen” project in China. And the focus is on AC/DC intersystem faults, i.e. galvanic contact between DC and AC systems. On this basis, a new integrated protection scheme of hybrid AC/DC transmission overhead lines which can adapt to ISF is proposed in this paper. The findings of this paper are based on semi-physical simulation platform with detailed RTDS-models of the hybrid AC/DC overhead lines and the LCC-converters. The proposed protection scheme tests have been conducted and confirmed the results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110806"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jose Ortiz-Bejar , Alejandro Zamora-Mendez , Mario R. Arrieta Paternina , Luis Mendieta-Mejia , Carlos Toledo , Francisco Zelaya-Arrazabal , Rodrigo D. Reyes de Luna , José Zarate , Felix Reyes-Maldonado , Lucas Lugnani , José Manuel Ramos-Guerrero , Garibaldi Pineda-Garcia , Yilu Liu , José Antonio de la O Serna , Joe H. Chow , Juan M. Ramirez , Antonino López-Rios , Daniel Dotta
{"title":"Web-based wide-area monitoring platform for ringdown and clustering analytics in power systems","authors":"Jose Ortiz-Bejar , Alejandro Zamora-Mendez , Mario R. Arrieta Paternina , Luis Mendieta-Mejia , Carlos Toledo , Francisco Zelaya-Arrazabal , Rodrigo D. Reyes de Luna , José Zarate , Felix Reyes-Maldonado , Lucas Lugnani , José Manuel Ramos-Guerrero , Garibaldi Pineda-Garcia , Yilu Liu , José Antonio de la O Serna , Joe H. Chow , Juan M. Ramirez , Antonino López-Rios , Daniel Dotta","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces an open-source research platform for monitoring the Mexican interconnected power grid, allowing real-time processing and information extraction of the grid’s dynamic condition. Moreover, the platform is a Python-based development that embeds different ringdown and clustering analytics tools. In the case of ringdown analysis, the modal information can be extracted using some of the most known algorithms, i.e., Prony analysis, eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA), and matrix pencil (MP). For clustering analysis, the coherent behaviour of generator and non-generator buses is provided by applying recent state-of-the-art techniques such as affinity propagation, K-means, hierarchical agglomerative clustering, and typicality data analysis. The results of up to 93 PMUs show that this open-source platform suits researchers’ and engineers’ power system dynamic analysis requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110714"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liu Chenruiyang, Fu Lijun, Hu Qi, Lin Yunfeng, Ma Yanhong
{"title":"Analysis of high-frequency oscillation mechanism of inverter with motor load based on series resonance","authors":"Liu Chenruiyang, Fu Lijun, Hu Qi, Lin Yunfeng, Ma Yanhong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inverter-driven asynchronous motor loads represent typical operational scenarios in shipboard integrated power systems.<!--> <!-->The inverter’s output impedance characteristics are influenced by complex control dynamics, and the interaction between source and load impedances presents a risk of high-frequency resonance. To address this, this paper first uses the harmonic linearization method to establish sequence impedance models of the inverter and asynchronous motor. It analyses the high-frequency impedance characteristics of the source and load,<!--> <!-->developing an equivalent high-frequency RLC circuit model.<!--> <!-->The oscillation mechanism is revealed from the perspective of system series resonance. Specifically, when the positive resistance of the load subsystem at the series resonance frequency cannot counteract the negative resistance effect of the source subsystem, the system’s series resonance high-frequency oscillation mode exhibits negative damping characteristics, leading to instability. Secondly, to quantitatively evaluate system stability, the aggregated impedance stability criterion is derived from the Nyquist stability criterion.<!--> <!-->This criterion is used to analyse the influence of inverter control parameters and motor power on stability.<!--> <!-->Results indicate that as the proportional coefficient of voltage loop increases, the voltage feedforward coefficient increases, and the current feedforward coefficient decreases, the system’s high-frequency oscillation stability margin decreases. However, motor with higher power improve stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50326,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 110799"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}