Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning最新文献

{"title":"Using Biophilic Design to Enhance Resilience of Urban Parks in Semarang City, Indonesia","authors":"N. S. Ristianti, Santy Paulla Dewi, Retno Susanti, Rina Kurniati, Naily Syafira Zain","doi":"10.54028/nj202423402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423402","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Biophilic design is an approach for creating resilient, sustainable cities by constructing resilient buildings that connect humans and nature by integrating natural adaptation and aesthetic appeal in urban spaces. Biophilic design enables improved climate resilience and mental health. Semarang City in Java, Indonesia is a concrete jungle metropolis that will benefit from the application of biophilic design. Although several urban parks are constructed in public areas, certain design elements remain extremely simple. For example, the vegetated-setting contextminimal and unable to generate sufficient interest in community physical activities. Hence, the connection between humans and nature is limited, which demonstrates the lack of biophilic design. Thus, the study aims to investigate the use of biophilic design in urban public spaces by promoting resilience. This research uses a quantitative method and analytical tools. Questionnaires and field observations were used to collect data. The study investigated the effectiveness of urban parks on mental health, climate resilience, need for urban park design elements, and the design of urban parks. The study identified three parks with the highest increases in land surface temperatures from 2011 to 2021, which indicates that incorporating biophilic design elements into these locations should be considered. More than half of the users at these parks preferred biophilic design elements, which are effective in lowering air temperature, blending with the surrounding nature, and promoting calming, cost-effective, and beneficial mental and physical health. Using these biophilic elements, the average temperature of the parks could be decreased by approximately 0.5 °C.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139857709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heritage Values and Community Perception: A Look Into the Historic Ruins of Dinajpur Rajbari","authors":"Murchana Madhury, Labanya Sarker","doi":"10.54028/nj202423401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423401","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of the value and effective protection of historical ruins comprises a subject of rising interest, as evidenced by an increasing amount of research involving several disciplines. In Bangladesh, debates on the relevance of such abandoned, degraded, deformed, or empty structures—unlike other intact monuments in heritage studies—rarely take into account the attitude of the locals towards these ruins. Analyzing the case of Dinajpur Rajbari, Bangladesh, the paper intends to explore the value ascribed to historic ruins by the surrounding community. The study uses a case study approach built on Mason’s value typology, which has widely contributed to the identification of the significance of heritage sites. Using a mixed research method, data were collected through field observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with 100 respondents selected from members of the local community. The article concludes by informing policymakers and heritage conservators of the position of community perception and promoting its integration into the development of management policies for these historical ruins.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Concurrent Effect of Building Height Diversity and Cool Pavement Materials on Air Temperature Near the Surface of an Urban Facade: A Case Study of Shahriar Street In Esfahan, Iran","authors":"Z. Gholami, S. Jalilisadrabad","doi":"10.54028/nj202322319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202322319","url":null,"abstract":"The rise in urban temperatures is a significant threat to the urban heat island effect, increasing building energy demand. This increase is worrisome because the supply of renewable energy is a big challenge. The approach to improving the urban microclimate offers a promising solution. This research investigates the concurrent effect of urban morphological parameters and physical characteristics of urban surfaces, such as cool materials, on the urban microclimate near the building's facades in an urban street. This evaluation was conducted by ENVI-met(v4). The results show that the concurrent effects of increasing building height diversity and by using cool pavement materials are more helpful in reducing the average air temperature of an urban street. Because the amount of shade and wind speed increased as building height variety increased, the absorption of solar radiation decreased as pavement material albedo increased. As a result, these two parameters reduced air temperature by 0.8 °C. Also in the combined scenario of increasing building height diversity and by using cool pavement materials, the air temperature near the building's facades was reduced by 1°C on the first and second floors and by approximately 0.5°C on the upper floors.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"79 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Inter-Legality and Organized Social Processes in Land Formalization Practices in The Sovereignty-Contested Area of Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar","authors":"Asis Ammarapala, Peamsook Sanit","doi":"10.54028/nj202322320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202322320","url":null,"abstract":"The study considers the Dawei Special Economic Zone (DSEZ) project, which was a land formalization case in a sovereignty-contested area conducted by de jure Myanmar state, de facto Karen Nation Union (KNU), and an international developer. The DSEZ project planning comprised deep-sea Ports, 250 sq. kms of industrial estate zone, and the two-lane 148 km road linking Dawei in Myanmar and Kanchanaburi Province of Thailand as its main features. Recent studies of Myanmar land institutions in sovereignty-contested areas have mainly discussed the factor of \"inter-legality,\" the integration of non-state land laws, as the solution for land disputes between the central state and armed ethnic political groups. However, the real-world case in this study indicated a second factor, \"organized social processes,\" working in correspondence with the first factor. This research paper explores how the two factors were used together the integration of customary land practice into statutory property institutions, influencing changes in the structure and process of land formalization practices, and illustrates the unclear property institutions of sovereignty-contested frontiers. This research paper is a single case study that benefited from the researcher's five years of work experience in the DSEZ project's design, planning, and land acquisition. The obtained information comprises the project's land formalization documentation, published land laws which were checked with the project manager using the triangulation method, and local newspaper clippings. The study concludes that inter-legality and organized social processes should be used together in practice planning to form more context-oriented land formalization practices, employing collective community memory to reduce institutional inertia. Furthermore, the mutually-agreed standards can help avoid direct power contestation between the de jure and de facto.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139167335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Vitruvius’ Town Planning Method in Architectural Education","authors":"Yandi Andri Yatmo, P. Atmodiwirjo","doi":"10.54028/nj202322321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202322321","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the method of town planning described in Vitruvius’ Ten Books on Architecture and explores the possibility of its application in the process of design learning in architectural education. In particular, it addresses the prescriptive nature of the texts that outlined the method of town planning as an example of contextual strategies to highlight the key aspects of the design methodology to be followed in a structured manner. To explore the extent to which this method is applicable in a real design process, Vitruvius’ texts on town planning became the basis for method exploration in a class of undergraduate architectural education. The exercise of developing a set of town plans following the principles highlighted in the texts demonstrates the robustness of the methods outlined by Vitruvius. Revisiting Vitruvius’ methods through this exercise becomes a way to understand and rethink the position of Vitruvius’ texts within current architectural practice and education.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139167594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design for Low-Income Residents (B40) in Sabah, Malaysia","authors":"Z. Alias, Noor Malinda Mohamed Mohan, Mohd Reza Abdol Ghani, Mazni Saad, Mokhtar Abdullah","doi":"10.54028/nj202322318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202322318","url":null,"abstract":"Safety, facilities, and environment are known to be among the core factors that influence the Quality of Life (QoL) of neighbourhood communities. This study evaluates the low-income residents’ (B40) QoL and seeks to clarify whether People’s Housing Program Environment (PPRE) and Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) can be used collaboratively to improve the QoL of the People’s Housing Project (PPR) communities. This study hypothesizes that implementing CPTED is one of the strategies that may enhance the feeling of safety in residential environments. This study utilised a quantitative cross-sectional design to collect data from 150 PPR residents. The PLS-SEM method reveals that a good PPRE has a significant impact on the residents’ QoL. While the study’s focus is primarily on the expected impact of CPTED on residents’ QoL, the main finding suggests that CPTED can have a large impact on QoL on its own, but not as a mediator between PPRE and QoL. Community relationship, maintenance, natural surveillance, legitimate activity support, and target hardening were the five most important CPTED constructs. However, results did not support territorial reinforcement and natural access control as CPTED facilitators. This information is necessary for developing effective CPTED in housing policies that may improve PPR residential well-being.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential Unit Design for Natural Ventilation in Tropical Multi-Family High-Rises With a Double-Loaded Corridor","authors":"C. Tantasavasdi, Natthaumporn Inprom","doi":"10.54028/nj202322315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202322315","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates practical methods to improve the efficiency of natural ventilation in residential units of multi-family high-rises without additional areas. Typical studio- and one-bedroom-types of small units were redesigned using: 1) air post, 2) transom window, 3) buffer space with one corridor opening and 4) buffer space with two corridor openings. The simulation study using a CFD program to reveal that the indoor average air velocity coefficient (Cv ) in the best redesigned case (0.46) significantly improves from the base case (0.01). The paper demonstrates an example of application to an actual climate in Bangkok, Thailand. It was found that the proposed redesign using buffer spaces can considerably help upgrade the living conditions of the occupants in terms of both thermal comfort (24 hours vs. 0 hours in the comfort zone per day) and indoor air quality (24 hours vs. 8–17 hours that pass the minimum ventilation requirement per day) in the transitional month of February.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion Challenges: A Case Study of Converting a Post and Lintel Structure to a Precast Concrete Structure Using Building Information Modeling (BIM)","authors":"Chavanont Khosakitchalert, Nobuyoshi Yabuki","doi":"10.54028/nj202322316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202322316","url":null,"abstract":"Building Information Modeling (BIM) is now a widely accepted tool in the construction industry for designing and managing construction projects. However, converting a BIM model from one type of structure to another can be challenging. This case report aims to document the problems and challenges encountered when an engineer team attempted to create a precast concrete structural BIM model from an architectural BIM model that was initially designed to use a post and lintel system. The architect worked with the engineer team, facing several challenges when changing the structural system. One of the main challenges during the conversion process was redesigning structural elements as the structural behavior of the building changed significantly. The architectural layout and design of the building had to be altered to accommodate the new structural system. Additionally, the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems had to be planned for installation within the precast concrete structure. These changes required significant effort and coordination between the different teams involved in the project. In conclusion, the case study demonstrates that converting a BIM model from one type of structure to another can be a challenging task that requires significant effort, coordination, and planning. It also shows that BIM models are not just a design tool but also a powerful tool for construction management and coordination.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139245621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Envelope Heat Gain and Interior Daylight Illuminance in Building Facade Design Under Reflectance Limitations: A Case Study of Office Buildings in Thailand","authors":"Sarin Pinich, Kantaphong Srimuang, Atch Sreshthaputra","doi":"10.54028/nj202322317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202322317","url":null,"abstract":"The popularity of using glass as the main building envelope material in commercial high-rise buildings has brought about numerous legal actions in recent years due to the widespread impact of the visible light reflectance of glass facades on the surrounding area. However, choosing suitable reflectance values for glazing the building facade remains a viable solution to lessen envelope heat gain and reduce cooling energy demand. Despite this, maximizing daylight is essential to maintaining healthy vision and the circadian rhythm of the building users. As a result, finding the optimal solution for envelope glass property selection to provide minimum heat gain through the building facade and maximum indoor daylight became a great challenge. The experimental research is conducted to identify the relationship between overall thermal transfer value (OTTV) and useful daylight illuminance (UDI) and to find suitable enveloped glass performance properties. Two typical high-rise office buildings in Thailand with a square-shaped and a rectangular-shaped floor plan are selected as case studies. BEC, a web-based program developed by Thailand’s Department of Energy Development and Efficiency, and Rhinoceros 6, along with Grasshopper, Ladybug, and Honeybee plugins, are used to calculate the OTTVs and transmitted visible light within the building, respectively. The results show that the maximum proportion of the building area that passes UDI requirements while in accordance with OTTV criteria is 23% and 26% in the square-shaped plan and the rectangular-shaped plan, respectively. These cases are with the WWR 80 and with glass performance values of SHGC 0.2, VLT 31%, and U-value 1.62 W/m2K.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"298 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139245365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postmodern Architecture in Thailand 1982–1997: Key Concepts and Case Studies","authors":"Santirak Prasertsuk, Winyu Ardrugsa","doi":"10.54028/nj202322314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202322314","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1960s, Postmodern architecture has been popular in Western societies. It emerged as a response to the Modernism style by rejecting the abstract elements of architecture and included a return to the communication of architectural meaning for the public. This approach led to the representation of architectural elements from the past and re-considered how culture was reflected in design. Postmodern architecture became popular in Thailand during the 1980s, resulting in the creation of numerous Postmodern buildings in all regions of the country. The objective of this article is to characterize Postmodern architecture in Thailand from 1982 to 1997 (2525–2540 B.E.) and demonstrate the value and importance of such architecture, which is deserving of preservation. The research process included a study of Postmodernism in Western societies; an examination of Postmodern architecture in Thailand through various documents; surveys of six case studies and analyzes of their key concepts and significant architectural characteristics. Based on seminal research led by Vimolsiddhi Horayangkura, Postmodern architecture in Thailand consists of four sub-styles: Historicism, Contextualism, Pluralism, and Behavioralism. These four sub-styles are used as a framework of analysis to re-evaluate both the classification and projects. The adoption of Historicism in the early stage of Postmodernism in Thailand was consistent with the economic prosperity of the middle class, which created a specific meaning for Thai society. The popularity of Postmodern style, particularly Historicism, declined and paralleled with the economic crisis in 1997. The architecture field thus began to focus more on promoting Thai identity or Thai-ness, with which the other three sub-styles were integrated and continued. After reviewing the six building case studies, it was concluded that Postmodern architecture in Thailand has some outstanding key concepts, including Historic Preservation, Historical Allusion, Contextual Linkage, Placemaking, Double-Coding Composition, Eclectic Composition, Specific Signification, and Lifestyle Pattern as Organization. These key concepts reveal interrelation among the four sub-styles and prove that each architectural project cannot be labelled with one sub-style. They also demonstrate the adaptation to the context and way of life of the pluralistic Thai society.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}