International Journal of Sediment Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of soil erosion dynamics and implications for sustainable land management: A case study using the RUSLE model","authors":"Lu Zhang ,&nbsp;Muhammad Haseeb ,&nbsp;Zainab Tahir ,&nbsp;Aqil Tariq ,&nbsp;Khalid F. Almutairi ,&nbsp;Walid Soufan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current research aimed to evaluate the severity and distribution of soil erosion in a Swat district, Pakistan, which is vital for sustainable land management and conservation efforts. This study focused on key parameters affecting soil erosion: the length factor (<em>L</em>), slope factor (<em>S</em>), crop management factor (<em>C</em>), rainfall erosivity factor (<em>R</em>), soil erodibility factor (<em>K</em>), and support practice factor (<em>P</em>). Various parameters were quantified via RS data from Sentinel-2 imagery and processed with geographical information system (GIS) tools. The values of these parameters ranged from 0.00% to 38.86%, 0 to 1, 547 to 773 <span><math><mtext>MJ</mtext><mo>·</mo><mtext>mm</mtext><mo>·</mo><msup><mtext>ha</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>·</mo><msup><mtext>year</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mtext>,</mtext></math></span> 0.24–0.33 <span><math><mtext>MJ</mtext><mo>·</mo><mspace></mspace><mtext>mm</mtext><mo>·</mo><msup><mtext>ha</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>·</mo><msup><mtext>year</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> and 0.10–1.00, respectively. On the basis of these estimates, the total annual potential soil loss was approximately 173,816 <span><math><mi>t</mi><mo>·</mo><msup><mtext>ha</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>·</mo><mspace></mspace><msup><mtext>year</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> with extreme erosion rates exceeding 10,000 <span><math><mrow><mi>t</mi><mo>·</mo><msup><mtext>ha</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>·</mo><msup><mtext>year</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> in specific locations. The study categorized the soil erosion risk into five classes, ranging from very low to extreme, enabling the identification of areas requiring immediate attention and intervention. The findings of this study provide valuable insight for land management and conservation planning while also contributing to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger) by identifying areas where soil erosion poses a significant threat to food security. The current study underscores the importance of addressing soil erosion to promote sustainable land use and conservation strategies, ensuring long-term agricultural productivity and environmental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 385-399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of InVEST-SDR model to evaluate soil erosion and sedimentation in the closer catchment of a proposed tropical reservoir in Sri Lanka","authors":"Hulan Badde Gedara Dilshan Madubhashana Padminda Ekanayaka ,&nbsp;Nimal Shantha Abeysingha ,&nbsp;Tusita Amarasekara ,&nbsp;Ram Lakhan Ray ,&nbsp;Dinithi Kusalani Samarathunga","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil erosion is a significant environmental threat, impacting water quality and the siltation of the productive capacity of reservoirs. To prioritize soil conservation areas for sustainable land management, quantitative spatial assessment of soil erosion is essential, particularly in the catchment of a reservoir. The current study aims to evaluate the soil erosion severity and sediment generation in the closer catchment of a proposed reservoir, the lower Malwathu Oya Reservoir in Sri Lanka. Erosion modeling has proven cost-effective in assessing the spatial distribution of soil erosion severity. This current study utilized the Integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs sediment delivery ratio (InVEST-SDR) model to analyze the spatial distribution of soil erosion and sediment export. A digital elevation model (30 m × 30 m), 22 years of rainfall data, land use and land cover data, soil map, and cropping factors were used as model inputs. The results revealed an average annual soil loss ranging from 0 to 15.55 t/(ha·y) in the catchment and a mean annual sediment export of 0.016 t/(ha·y). Erosion severity was classified into four hazard classes, i.e., insignificant (&lt;0.5 t/(ha·y)), weak (0.5–3 t/(ha·y)), considerable (3–12 t/(ha·y)), and severe (12 &lt; t/(ha·y)). A critical 0.12% area was identified as a considerable soil erosion hazard area, necessitating urgent measures for erosion control. High-risk areas were at Galpottegama, Asirikgama, Puleliya, Navodagama, and Thuppitiyawa Grama Niladari. These findings provide valuable insight for formulating and implementing soil conservation practices in the catchment to reduce the siltation of the proposed lower Malwathu Oya reservoir. The study is an example of using InVEST-SDR to evaluate the sedimentation of a proposed reservoir.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 253-268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of emergent vegetation on three-dimensional turbulent flow properties and bed morphology in a partially vegetated channel","authors":"Pritam Kumar,&nbsp;Anurag Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aimed to explore three-dimensional turbulent flow properties and bed morphology in a partially vegetated channel with sand bed conditions. Presence of flexible vegetation in the river and its interaction with the flow are of great significance in understanding the momentum and mass transport in the flow. Experiments were conducted in a straight, tilting rectangular flume with staggered emergent vegetation covering half of the channel width. The results show that the presence of vegetation diverts streamwise velocity from the vegetated side to the non-vegetated side. The study reveals that the presence of vegetation leads to an increase in turbulent intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, and Reynolds shear stress at the transition area between the vegetated and non-vegetated sides of the channel. This increase is attributed to higher transverse flow and momentum exchange in the transition area between the vegetated and non-vegetated sides. In the vegetated side, the vegetation serves as an obstruction, reducing turbulent intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, and Reynolds shear stress compared to the transition area between the vegetated and non-vegetated sides. This reduction in turbulence supports the stability of bed materials and promotes sediment deposition. The presence of vegetation significantly alters the secondary current in the channel. Scour depth along the non-vegetated side was higher than the vegetated side, mainly because the flow concentrated in the centre and non-vegetated side of the channel. The investigation determines that the existence of vegetation on the vegetated side effectively protects against bed erosion and sediment transport. Understanding the impact of emergent flexible vegetation on flow properties and sediment transport can inform decisions about vegetation layouts in river ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 286-311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation between bank erosion and bed incision in the braided reach of the Lower Yellow River undergoing channel degradation","authors":"Junqiang Xia ,&nbsp;Yifei Cheng ,&nbsp;Meirong Zhou ,&nbsp;Xin Yu ,&nbsp;Xiangzhou Xu ,&nbsp;Koen Blanckaert ,&nbsp;Zhengbing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A general increase in the bankfull width and depth is found in downstream reaches because of upstream damming, especially in the braided reach of the Lower Yellow River (LYR), but the magnitude of bank erosion and its relation with bed incision remain little explored. Here based on long-term measured cross-sectional profiles (1999–2020), a quantitative method is proposed to estimate the bank erosion volume in the braided reach of the Lower Yellow River, with the contribution of bank erosion to the channel scour volume further determined. A quantitative relation was developed and calibrated between bank erosion width and bed incision depth, using the sediment continuity equation and measured data. The results indicate that: (i) significant bank erosion and bed incision processes are prevalent in the braided reach and its sub-reaches, with the bankfull widths increasing by 317–511 m and the bankfull depths increasing by 1.9–2.4 m in these reaches after the operation of the Xiaolangdi (XLD) Reservoir in 1999. Bank erosion has been dominant over bank accretion at more than 71% of the sections in the braided reach, with the most active bank deformation detected in the middle sub-reach. (ii) The cumulative bank erosion volumes temporally increased and spatially decreased, with the value of 1.80×10⁸ m³ in the upper sub-reach (R1), 1.52×10⁸ m³ in the middle sub-reach (R2), 1.08×10⁸ m³ in the lower sub-reach (R3), and 4.40×10⁸ m³ in the whole braided reach during the period of 1999–2020. Bank erosion contributed 33% of the cumulative channel scour volume in the braided reach, with a close relation developed between cumulative bank erosion volume and the previous 5-year average incoming sediment coefficient during flood seasons. (iii) A close inverse relation exists between bank erosion and bed incision in the whole braided reach and its sub-reaches, with the coefficients of determination greater than 0.90, which indicated that bank erosion hindered the process of bed incision. If there was no bank erosion after 1999, the cumulative bed incision depth would increase by at least 0.7 m in each reach. Furthermore, a similar quantitative relation was also applied to calculate the cumulative bed incision depth and bank erosion width in the braided reach during the period of 1960–1964 (the first stage after operation of the Sanmenxia Reservoir). Quite high accuracy was achieved in this analysis, with the coefficient of determination being equal to 0.96.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 241-252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of different types of sediment-filled check dam systems on runoff erosion dynamics in a Loess Plateau watershed","authors":"Ganggang Ke,&nbsp;Shengdong Cheng,&nbsp;Zhanbin Li,&nbsp;Tian Wang,&nbsp;Heng Wu,&nbsp;Yunzhe Zhen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Check dams, as one of the most representative soil and water conservation measures in the Loess Plateau region, primarily impact hydrological and hydrodynamic processes by regulating flows of water and sediment. Constrained by reservoir capacity, sediment accumulation within check dam systems affects their ability to intercept water and sediment. However, there has been limited research on the regulatory role of sediment-filled check dams on watershed hydrodynamics. This study focused on small watersheds in loess hilly gully areas and applied the MIKE SHE model to simulate hydrodynamic processes under different scenarios of filled check dam systems. The regulatory effect of different filled check dam system types on watershed hydrodynamics in the study area was analyzed. The results indicate that after sedimentation in various types of check dams, the peak flow can be reduced by 59.68%–68.66%, the flood duration can be extended by 42.74%–375.81%, and the runoff erosion power can be reduced by 62.92%–85.35%. The reduction in flood volume diminishes with increasing sedimentation, reaching a minimum of 2.42%. Moreover, there are varying degrees of reduction in runoff erosion dynamics in the main channels. These findings provide theoretical support for identifying the regulatory potential of sediment-filled check dam systems on hydrodynamic processes in small watersheds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 322-332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grain-size parameters and diatom records as indicators of environmental changes along the southern Brazilian coastal plain","authors":"Cristiane Bahi dos Santos ,&nbsp;Iran Stallivière Corrêa ,&nbsp;Jair Weschenfelder ,&nbsp;Jeffery Robert Stone","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Connections between changes in sediment distribution and diatom species are sensitive to environment-related deposition patterns of fine-grained sediment. A large lagoon in the southernmost Brazilian coastal plain was selected to test the sensitivity of diatoms to sediment changes and their ability to classify depositional environments. Selected grain-size parameters, including mean grain size, skewness, kurtosis, standard deviation, and sand-silt-clay ratios, were evaluated for interpretation. The trigonal diagram shows that most of the lagoon sub-bottom deposits lie in the fine-grained tail. Silt is dominant within the Holocene fluvial-estuarine, estuarine-transitional, and shallow marine deposits. Sand fractions (&gt; 76%) are distributed in the coastal barrier and in a few fluvial-estuarine intervals. Most deposits are polymodal, lying between poorly sorted sediment, indicating a low-energy depositional environment. The results were interpreted as indicated by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which revealed resulting shifts in sediment and diatom composition connected to five sedimentary facies controlled by sea-level oscillations. Diatom species recovered from sediment cores have distinctive capacities for living under high marine, freshwater, and terrestrial conditions. Each quadrant of the PCA reflects the adaptation of species to particular depositional conditions during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Allochthonous taxa provide valuable ecological information about adjacent environments in the coastal area, offering insight into the paleogeography of the study area. The major advantage of the analytical methods is their applicability in distinguishing different environments involving mixed deposition and transport mechanisms. The sediment deposited on the bottom of a large lagoon provide significant implications not only for sedimentological analysis by improving understanding of high deposition of mud and fine-grained sands but also for predictions of the source-to-sink routes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 269-285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional numerical modeling of sediment transport in a highly turbid estuary with pronounced seasonal variations","authors":"Thi-Kim-Anh Do ,&nbsp;Nicolas Huybrechts ,&nbsp;Isabel Jálon-Rojas ,&nbsp;Pablo Tassi ,&nbsp;Aldo Sottolichio","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simulating sediment dynamics in a large and energetic estuary system remains challenging, primarily due to the spatial and temporal complexities of the interaction between flow and sediment transport, especially for sand-mud mixtures. This study uses a three-dimensional (3D) numerical model, based on the open TELEMAC system, to investigate the dynamics of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the Gironde Estuary, a complex estuarine environment characterized by an estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) and significant variations in river discharge. The main contributions of this study include addressing the challenges of coupling bed friction with sediment transport of the sand-mud mixture for feedback on bed roughness and bottom depth changes and the ability of the model to capture the migration of ETM from high to low flow. Additionally, the current study analyzes the ability of the model to capture the migration of ETM from high to low flow, and it utilizes a calibration strategy that minimizes parameters by using <em>in situ</em> data and encompassing hydro–morpho-sedimentary interactions. A sensitivity analysis was done using different settling velocity approaches and sediment classes to establish an optimal model configuration and the uncertainty associated with the reduced model parameterization is discussed. The model satisfactorily reproduces the hydrodynamic features, particularly when the hydro-sedimentary feedbacks are taken into account, the seasonal trend of SSC, spring-neap variations, and the development of a well-defined ETM. The selection of a specific formulation for the settling velocity influences the location and magnitude of ETM. The van Leussen formula not only predicts a broad movement of ETM from high to low river flow, but also predicts high turbidity for extended periods during low river flow. Conversely, two empirical formulas from Le Hir and Defontaine predicted the highest turbidity during neap tides but sediment losses during prolonged simulations. The results of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of sediment dynamics in the Gironde Estuary, providing valuable information for future estuarine modeling and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 333-347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle size and settling velocity of bed and suspended sediments for mud-sand beds","authors":"Leo van Rijn ,&nbsp;Luitze Perk ,&nbsp;Bas van Maren ,&nbsp;Andy Manning","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The particle size and the settling velocity of sediments are key parameters in sediment transport studies. However, it remains surprisingly difficult to determine particle size and settling velocity distribution of fine-grained sediments (mud-sand). A large range of methodologies exist to measure either the particle size distribution or to measure the settling velocity. An important influential parameter is the shape of fine-grained sediments, with clay minerals being shaped as plates rather than as spheres. Furthermore, the settling velocity of fine particles is influenced by turbulent shear and flocculation processes. Sometimes, the sediment samples are pre-treated (destroying inter-particle bonds) to measure the primary particle sizes involved while in other cases samples are not pre-treated in order to represent the effect of flocs. As a result, a large uncertainty exists in the way particle size and settling velocity should be measured. A range of methodologies (sedimentation, video camera, and laser-diffraction) to measure the settling velocity and particle size distribution in the field and in the laboratory is used and compared. The labour-intensive sedimentation methods measure a particle size distribution which can be used for sedimentation studies. The particle size distribution measured by the most commonly applied laser diffraction method is representative of the plate diameter of the clay particles, but the corresponding settling velocity is not correct. This difference can be explained by the shape of the clay particles through a derivation of the settling velocity of non-spherical particles resulting in a simple relationship to convert the particle size measured by laser diffraction to a representative particle size to be used in sedimentation studies. A comparison of the settling velocity measured by an <em>in situ</em> settling method and by a video camera method shows good agreement for high concentrations (&gt; 2000 mg/L) but deviating results for low concentrations (&lt; 500 mg/L).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 369-382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOC","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1001-6279(25)00019-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1001-6279(25)00019-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages ii-iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow patterns in shallow rectangular reservoirs with open channel inlet or pipe flow inlet at various depths: An experimental study","authors":"El Mehdi Chagdali ,&nbsp;Kamal El Kadi Abderrezzak ,&nbsp;Sébastien Erpicum ,&nbsp;Cédric Goeury ,&nbsp;Matthieu Secher ,&nbsp;Benjamin Dewals","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study experimentally assesses the influence of varying the inlet boundary condition on the flow patterns in rectangular shallow reservoirs. Two types of inlet boundary conditions were compared: a free surface inlet channel, and a pressurized circular inlet jet positioned at three different elevations over the flow depth (centroid of the inlet jet situated at 25%, 50%, or 75% of the flow depth). The outlet boundary condition was a free surface channel in all cases. Twenty-two experiments were done with two distinct reservoir lengths (length-to-width ratios of 1.1 and 2.0) and three hydraulic boundary conditions (Froude numbers of 0.14, 0.16, and 0.21). Velocity fields were measured with Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV) at the surface, and with an Acoustic Doppler Velocity Profiler (ADVP) at several cross sections. The flow patterns are greatly influenced by the inlet boundary condition and the reservoir geometry, but to a lesser extent by the hydraulic boundary condition. For an inlet circular jet located near the reservoir bottom, an unstable flow type, changing over time in a chaotic manner, was observed regardless of the reservoir length and of the inlet flow rate. The same type of unstable flow pattern was observed for a relatively long reservoir and the lowest tested flow rate, irrespective of the vertical positioning of the inlet jet. In all other tested configurations, a steady reattached jet was found in the reservoir equipped with a pressurized inlet jet. In addition to providing new knowledge on flow patterns in shallow reservoirs with an inlet jet, the experimental data presented here will prove valuable for evaluating flow computational models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 209-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}