Journal of Archaeological Science最新文献_第4页

The earliest evidence for deformation of livestock horns: The case of Predynastic sheep from Hierakonpolis, Egypt 牲畜角变形的最早证据：埃及希拉孔波利斯早先时期绵羊的案例

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106104

Wim Van Neer , Bea De Cupere , Renée Friedman

{"title":"The earliest evidence for deformation of livestock horns: The case of Predynastic sheep from Hierakonpolis, Egypt","authors":"Wim Van Neer , Bea De Cupere , Renée Friedman","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Archaeozoological evidence for the modification of sheep horns during Egypt's Predynastic period was uncovered at Hierakonpolis, Upper Egypt. At HK6, the site's so-called elite cemetery, a grave, which was part of a larger mortuary complex dated to around 3700 BC, contained at least 6 large, castrated male sheep. One individual was polled, while four others were of the corkscrew-horn type, but their horns were not oriented in the natural, lateral direction. Instead, the horns had been intentionally manipulated to grow upwards and in three cases this resulted in upright, parallel horns. While comparable practices are well documented in Africa in cattle through both modern ethnographic observations and archaeozoological studies of material from third millennium BC Nubia (in Kerma, Sudan), the Hierakonpolis sheep provide the oldest evidence for horn modification of livestock, and the first demonstration of the practice applied to sheep. When describing the skulls particular attention is paid to the pathological traces and deformities, i.e. constrictions on the horn cores, holes at the horn core bases, and deformations of the frontals. In order to assess the possible methods used in Predynastic Hierakonpolis to redirect the horns, these observations are compared with ethnographic and archaeozoological data from the literature. Finally, the possible reasons why these sheep were modified are also discussed. This study indicates that Predynastic Egyptians were already familiar with horn modelling techniques and confirms that this practice has a long history in the Nile Valley.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zooarchaeological and ancient DNA identification of a non-local gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA 美国路易斯安那州新奥尔良市非本地地鼠龟（Gopherus polyphemus）的动物考古学和古 DNA 鉴定

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106094

J. Ryan Kennedy , Thomas C.A. Royle , Luke S. Jackman , Cathy Ngọc Hân Tran , Dongya Y. Yang

引用次数: 0

Proteomic sexing of archaeological cattle remains at Neolithic Kilshane 对新石器时代基尔沙恩的考古牛遗骸进行蛋白质组性别鉴定

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106102

M. Buckley , F. Pigière , M. Pal Chowdhury , A.C. Kitchener , J. Smyth

{"title":"Proteomic sexing of archaeological cattle remains at Neolithic Kilshane","authors":"M. Buckley , F. Pigière , M. Pal Chowdhury , A.C. Kitchener , J. Smyth","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although proteomic techniques have been increasingly used to improve our understanding of the human past, few have focussed on the study of tooth enamel for sexing in archaeofaunal remains, despite initial studies over a decade ago investigating human teeth. Here we explore the use of LC-orbitrap-MS/MS for identifying the sex of archaeological domestic cattle remains from the Neolithic enclosure at Kilshane, Ireland (c. 3600 cal. BC), in addition to modern reference materials. Although several individuals could be confidently identified as male, and some less confidently as female, there were also some inconsistencies with predictions based on morphology, albeit such estimations based largely on size. Through comparison with osteometric analyses, the proteomic analyses estimated 14 consistent identifications and six discrepancies, with one of the two speculative males confirmed through the use of proteomics. The male/female proportions for the osteometric analysis based on the metacarpals, the most sexually dimorphic skeletal element, showed that slightly over 50% of the bones were from females and slightly under 50% from males, whereas in the case of proteomics, depending on what level of caution we place on biomarker usage, this is much lower for the identification of males, ranging from 12.5 to 46% (3–11 specimens of 24 successful proteome samples with estimated sex based on their molars). Unexpectedly, our results show evidence of clear differences between modern reference materials and archaeological materials, likely reflecting preservation biases relating to the protein sequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ostrich eggshell beads: Hole drilling technology at Little Muck Shelter, South Africa 鸵鸟蛋壳珠：南非 Little Muck Shelter 的钻孔技术

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106091

Nicole Leoni Sherwood , Tim Forssman

{"title":"Ostrich eggshell beads: Hole drilling technology at Little Muck Shelter, South Africa","authors":"Nicole Leoni Sherwood , Tim Forssman","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ostrich eggshell beads (OES) are commonly found in forager sites across sub-Saharan Africa. Although they have received a reasonable amount of investigation, the drilling technology used to perforate OES beads has received little attention. As a result, not much is known about this technology. Providing a basic tool form for these drills could be useful for future researchers to identify such tools in assemblages, or to prompt revisiting older assemblages to identify these types of tools, which might have been overlooked or misidentified. This study made use of experimentation and use-wear to determine the types and shapes of materials most effective for perforating OES. It was determined that early foragers most likely used micro-lithic drills made from small, but thick, flake blanks that were retouched along the laterals to create a near symmetrical point with a tetrahedral tip. At Little Muck Shelter the base of the flake was also shaped to resemble a tang that likely aided hafting. This tool form can act as a basis to help researchers identify similar technology which can be studied and help broaden our understanding of the complexity of forager technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Central-Eastern Europe as a centre of Middle Ages extractive metallurgy 中世纪采掘冶金中心--中东欧

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106093

Jack Longman , Daniel Veres , Vasile Ersek , Calin G. Tamas , Aritina Haliuc , Eniko Magyari , Florin Gogaltan , Sampson Panajiotidis , Maria Papadopoulou

{"title":"Central-Eastern Europe as a centre of Middle Ages extractive metallurgy","authors":"Jack Longman , Daniel Veres , Vasile Ersek , Calin G. Tamas , Aritina Haliuc , Eniko Magyari , Florin Gogaltan , Sampson Panajiotidis , Maria Papadopoulou","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Central-eastern to southeastern Europe, from Bohemia to Greece is home to some of the richest ore deposits on earth, with archaeological evidence suggesting a long history of metal use. However, the exact timing and extent of past metal processing activities remains unclear. The Middle Ages and Early Modern period (c. 500–1800 common era (CE)) in Europe, saw the expansion of metal use at an unprecedented scale, continent-wide. Here we analysed rates of past atmospheric lead (Pb) deposition in six peat bogs from Romania, Serbia and Greece. We show that after 1000 CE, the redevelopment of central European mining industry was synchronous with Pb pollution in southeastern Europe, with the onset of metal pollution occurring in the area prior to central Europe. Therefore, southeastern Europe may have led regional mining developments, with technological advances rapidly shifting from east to west through the Middle Ages. This indicates how southeastern Europe should be included in future discussions of Middle Age metallurgy not simply as a contributor, but at times as a leader in metal production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 106093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A formal test using agent-based models of the circumscription theory for the evolution of social complexity 利用基于代理的模型对社会复杂性演化的周延理论进行正式检验

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106090

A.J. Williams , A. Mesoudi

引用次数: 0

Production perspectives of a high-status polychrome jewellery set from the Hunnic period (mid-5th century AD) Carpathian Basin 匈奴时期（公元 5 世纪中叶）喀尔巴阡山盆地一套高级多色首饰的制作视角

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106085

Eszter Horváth , Viktória Mozgai , László E. Aradi , Boglárka Topa , Bernadett Bajnóczi

{"title":"Production perspectives of a high-status polychrome jewellery set from the Hunnic period (mid-5th century AD) Carpathian Basin","authors":"Eszter Horváth , Viktória Mozgai , László E. Aradi , Boglárka Topa , Bernadett Bajnóczi","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fifty years after the discovery of the Regöly grave, the emblematic Hunnic period archaeological assemblage from Hungary, an extensive scientific investigation was performed on the polychrome dress accessories of the high-status woman, often referred to as the “Princess of Regöly”, buried there. The multi-instrumental analyses aimed to characterise material and technological aspects of the gemstone-inlaid artefacts (a set of a pair of bow-brooches and a belt buckle), i.e., the manufacturing and decorative techniques as well as the chemical and mineralogical compositions. The non-destructive and non-invasive gemmological and geochemical analyses applied optical microscopes, handheld XRF, SEM-EDX and Raman microspectrometer. This study provides the first comprehensive examination of the Hunnic period polychrome jewellery, and highlights the potential of combining surface and subsurface analyses to specify garnet provenances. It presents the first evidence of use of antique and early medieval garnet sources during the early Migration period. The findings enhance understanding of the garnet supply chain and trade network, the production organisation and potential workshop connections. Significant differences of the brooches and the buckle reveal varying levels of luxury among the elite, providing insight into the social context of the polychrome jewellery associated with the “Princess of Regöly”.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NOthing goes to WAste (NOWA): A protocol to optimise sampling of ancient teeth 一切归于自然（NOWA）：优化古代牙齿采样的方案

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106087

Carmen Esposito , Owen Alexander Higgins , Alessia Galbusera , Melania Gigante , Federico Lugli , Wolfgang Müller , Richard Madgwick , Alfredo Coppa , Stefano Benazzi , Luca Bondioli , Alessia Nava

{"title":"NOthing goes to WAste (NOWA): A protocol to optimise sampling of ancient teeth","authors":"Carmen Esposito , Owen Alexander Higgins , Alessia Galbusera , Melania Gigante , Federico Lugli , Wolfgang Müller , Richard Madgwick , Alfredo Coppa , Stefano Benazzi , Luca Bondioli , Alessia Nava","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancements in archaeological sciences through innovative scientific techniques applied to ancient human remains have increasingly been transforming the study of the past. Destructive analyses of bioarchaeological or palaeontological specimens such as dental histology, isotopic or elemental analysis of dental mineralised tissues, <sup>14</sup>C dating, proteomic analysis or ancient DNA are increasingly being applied to obtain ever more refined past life histories. In tandem with spatially-resolved analyses, mineralised dental tissues, especially enamel, have proven to be ideal archives. The main concern with any of these techniques is the need for some level of destructive sampling and thus damage to specimens. In compliance with the ALARA (As Low [damage] As Reasonably Achievable) principle, we present a standardised protocol (the NOWA protocol) for the optimisation, in terms of minimising the destructive approach, of tooth sampling for histology, biomolecular and biogeochemical analyses. The NOWA protocol enables the collection of multiple datasets through optimised sampling of a single dental specimen, ensuring the preservation of most of the tooth and, to a substantial degree, its morphology. Overall, this approach balances the significant scientific insights from such investigations against the inevitable conservation requirements of valuable archaeological and palaeontological specimens, thus maximising the feasibility of future analyses of individual specimens that need to be evaluated on a case-to-case basis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond linear narratives: Complex copper ore exploitation strategies in Early Bronze Age China revealed by geochemical characterization of smelting remains 超越线性叙事：冶炼遗迹的地球化学特征揭示青铜时代早期中国复杂的铜矿开采策略

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106092

Siran Liu , Zhenfei Sun , Tao Cui , Guisen Zou , Richen Zhong , Thilo Rehren

{"title":"Beyond linear narratives: Complex copper ore exploitation strategies in Early Bronze Age China revealed by geochemical characterization of smelting remains","authors":"Siran Liu , Zhenfei Sun , Tao Cui , Guisen Zou , Richen Zhong , Thilo Rehren","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite decades of efforts to reconstruct the bronze production and metal distribution systems of the Shang period in Bronze Age China, there remains limited understanding of the ore choices and smelting practices of the Shang people. This study addresses this research gap by conducting a detailed investigation of Shang period copper ores and smelting remains uncovered at the Tongling site in the Middle Yangtze River valley. The results of lead isotope, copper isotope, trace element, and rare earth element (REE) pattern help to classify the slags from this site into two groups, associated with smelting sulphidic (Group A) and oxidic (Group B) copper ores, respectively. This finding not only serves as the first physical evidence of the use of sulphidic copper ores in Early Bronze Age China but also provides pivotal details of the copper resource exploitation strategies of the Shang people. It challenges the traditional narrative that the Shang people moved to this area solely for the high-grade supergene deposits. The parallel use of both supergene and hypogene ores at the same site complicates the notion of a linear, technological evolution from simpler to more advanced copper sources. Despite the presence of hypogene ores, the study reveals that the Shang people maintained labour-intensive smelting practices, including crushing slag to recover trapped metallic prills, to meet the demands of large-scale bronze casting. This nuanced approach to copper resource exploitation reflects a complex, context-dependent strategy rather than a technological revolution. By highlighting these intricate metallurgical choices, this research contributes to a broader rethinking of early technological development, underscoring the diversity and adaptability of ancient craft industries and their role in shaping Shang society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106092"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neutron tomography reveals extensive modern modification in Iron Age Iranian swords 中子层析技术揭示了铁器时代伊朗剑的大量现代改装痕迹

IF 2.6 1区地球科学

Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2024.106018

Alex E. Rodzinka , Anna Fedrigo , Antonella Scherillo , Andrew J. Shortland , St John Simpson , Nathaniel L. Erb-Satullo

{"title":"Neutron tomography reveals extensive modern modification in Iron Age Iranian swords","authors":"Alex E. Rodzinka , Anna Fedrigo , Antonella Scherillo , Andrew J. Shortland , St John Simpson , Nathaniel L. Erb-Satullo","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jas.2024.106018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early Iron Age Iranian bladed weaponry plays a significant role in discussions of metallurgical development in the ancient Near East. Due to its ubiquity in museum collections, as well as co-occurrence of bronze, iron, and bimetallic forms, it figures prominently in debates about the early ironworking techniques in the late 2nd and early 1st millennia BCE. However, dispersed collections, often lacking secure archaeological context, have made comprehensive assessment difficult. One major type of bladed weaponry, the so-called split-ear pommel swords have been the subject of much discussion, particularly around the presence of an iron core identified in many examples. Neutron tomography was applied to eight swords of this type to image their inner structure, assess the manufacturing process and determine possible recent modifications—the first time this technique has been applied to bronze Iranian weaponry of any period. The objects were recovered by the Border Force after being seized on entry to the UK and will be repatriated to Iran, providing an opportunity to investigate both ancient manufacture and modern (illicit) modifications. The results reveal extensive modern modification, namely the replacement of original blades—often made of iron—with different (but probably also ancient) bronze blades, conclusively showing that “iron cores” were not a technological feature in these bronze swords, but a result of modern tampering. Widespread iron blade replacement has masked the true extent of the production of bimetallic weapons and obscured the technological choices of early ironworkers. Given the centrality of unprovenanced objects in discussions of Iranian Iron Age metallurgy, these modifications have negative consequences for efforts to map the process of iron innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0