Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita最新文献

Incidence and factors associated with bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in an Italian region. 意大利某地区院外心脏骤停旁观者心肺复苏的发生率及相关因素

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_04

Matteo De Vecchi, Ines Basso, Tommaso Davite, Erika Bassi, Erica Busca, Silvano Andorno, Luca Briacca, Carla Vigliano, Rosanna Vaschetto, Daniele Privitera, Laura Rubino, Salvatore Izzo, Roberto Gioachin, Alberto Dal Molin

{"title":"Incidence and factors associated with bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in an Italian region.","authors":"Matteo De Vecchi, Ines Basso, Tommaso Davite, Erika Bassi, Erica Busca, Silvano Andorno, Luca Briacca, Carla Vigliano, Rosanna Vaschetto, Daniele Privitera, Laura Rubino, Salvatore Izzo, Roberto Gioachin, Alberto Dal Molin","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_26_03_04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of mortality, and early bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is critical for survival. This study assessed OHCA incidence and factors associated with bystander-initiated CPR in the Piedmont region of Northern Italy.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 2022 administrative data from an Emergency Medical Dispatch Centre serving 851,538 residents. All confirmed OHCA cases were included. Demographic, clinical, and contextual variables were extracted. Descriptive statistics summarized case characteristics, and comparisons between events with and without bystander CPR were performed using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests.Results: Among 905 confirmed cases, the incidence was 106 per 100,000 inhabitants. Most patients were male (57%), with a mean age of 76 years, and arrests occurred predominantly at home (87%). Bystander CPR was documented in 644 cases, occurring in 39.9%, mainly independently. CPR was more frequent in rural areas (p=0.002) and public settings (p<0.001). Return of spontaneous circulation occurred in 6.4% and was strongly associated with bystander intervention (p<0.001).Conclusions: Fewer than half of eligible patients received bystander CPR, highlighting gaps in community readiness. Strengthening public training and dispatcher-assisted CPR may improve outcomes.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"217-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why do we treat women as if they were men? Rethinking sex and gender in biomedical research and healthcare. Commentary. 为什么我们对待女人就像对待男人一样？重新思考生物医学研究和医疗保健中的性别和社会性别。评论。

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_03

Massimo D'Archivio, Anna Ruggieri, Elena Ortona

{"title":"Why do we treat women as if they were men? Rethinking sex and gender in biomedical research and healthcare. Commentary.","authors":"Massimo D'Archivio, Anna Ruggieri, Elena Ortona","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_26_03_03","url":null,"abstract":"Modern medicine largely relies on a male-default model, incorrectly assuming that findings from male bodies can be universally generalized. This paradigm results in structural biases that lead to diagnostic delays, inadequate treatments, and inequitable health outcomes for women. Although sex involves biological attributes and gender reflects sociocultural roles, both dimensions are frequently overlooked in research design and data interpretation. Significant differences exist at cellular levels and in disease manifestations, yet studies often fail to provide sex-stratified analyses, obscuring unique symptoms and mechanisms. Furthermore, women face higher risks of adverse drug reactions because pharmacological guidelines often ignore sex-specific metabolic profiles. Moving toward precision healthcare requires structural changes, such as mandatory sex-disaggregated reporting and the integration of gender-responsive variables. Ultimately, acknowledging that women are not simply smaller versions of men is a scientific necessity for ensuring an accurate and inclusive healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"214-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum for: Legal responses to new psychoactive substances in Europe: countries inside the REITOX network, Norway, and Türkiye. 欧洲对新精神活性物质的法律反应：REITOX网络内的国家，挪威和挪威。

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_13

Valeria Aquilina, Francesco Paolo Busardò, Simona Pichini, Giulia Bambagiotti, Silvia Graziano

{"title":"Erratum for: Legal responses to new psychoactive substances in Europe: countries inside the REITOX network, Norway, and Türkiye.","authors":"Valeria Aquilina, Francesco Paolo Busardò, Simona Pichini, Giulia Bambagiotti, Silvia Graziano","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_26_03_13","url":null,"abstract":"Ann Ist Super Sanità 2026 | Vol. 62, No. 2: 100-114 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_02_02 In the originally published version of this manuscript, an error occurred in the third column of Table 1 (Italy drug scheduling section, page 105) reporting the drug scheduling for Italy. The correct drug scheduling should read: \"The scheduling system classifies substances into five Tables: - Table I: substances with highest abuse potential (e.g., heroin, cocaine, amphetamines) - Table II: cannabis products (e.g. marijuana, hashish) - Table III: barbiturates - Table IV: benzodiazepines - Table medicinal products: medicinal products containing narcotic or psychotropic substances\" instead of: The scheduling system classifies substances into five Tables: - Table I: substances with high abuse potential and no recognized medical use (e.g., heroin, LSD) - Table II: substances with high abuse potential but with recognized medical use (e.g., morphine, methadone) - Table III: substances with lower abuse potential and recognized medical use (e.g., codeine) - Table IV: preparations containing substances from Tables II and III in combinations that reduce abuse potential Table medicinal products: medicinal products containing narcotic or psychotropic substances in minimal quantities We apologize for this error and any confusion it may have caused.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bisphenol S-induced inflammation: a comparative insight on inflammatory pathway activation in zebrafish and rodent models. 双酚s诱导的炎症：斑马鱼和啮齿动物模型中炎症通路激活的比较研究。

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_09

Wan Nur Izzati Wan Azhan, Fatin Nadzirah Zakaria, Danial Akmal Fuad Al' Arifin, Nur-Zulaikha Amlie, Evana Kamarudin, Faheze Paiman, Rio Risandiansyah, Razif Dasiman

{"title":"Bisphenol S-induced inflammation: a comparative insight on inflammatory pathway activation in zebrafish and rodent models.","authors":"Wan Nur Izzati Wan Azhan, Fatin Nadzirah Zakaria, Danial Akmal Fuad Al' Arifin, Nur-Zulaikha Amlie, Evana Kamarudin, Faheze Paiman, Rio Risandiansyah, Razif Dasiman","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_26_03_09","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bisphenol S (BPS) is a widespread BPA substitute with emerging immunotoxicity; this review synthesizes zebrafish and rodent experimental evidence to clarify BPS-induced inflammation.Methods: Narrative synthesis of experimental studies in zebrafish and rodent models, focusing on molecular pathways, organ-level effects, and exposure timing.Results: Across models, BPS consistently activates an oxidative stress-mediated NF-κB axis with increased ROS, lipid peroxidation, and upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6; chronic and developmental low-to-moderate exposures produced stronger inflammatory phenotypes than acute high doses.Conclusions: Convergent mechanistic and pathological findings strengthen the weight of evidence for BPS immunotoxicity and support targeted monitoring and controls; key research gaps include inflammasome activation, receptor mechanisms, sex differences, mixture effects, epigenetic regulation, and standardization.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"267-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current background human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers: a review. 当前人类接触多溴二苯醚的背景：综述。

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_06

Annalisa Abballe, Isotta Cursi, Valentina Marra, Noemi Milia, Roberto Miniero, Silvia Valentini, Anna Maria Ingelido

{"title":"Current background human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers: a review.","authors":"Annalisa Abballe, Isotta Cursi, Valentina Marra, Noemi Milia, Roberto Miniero, Silvia Valentini, Anna Maria Ingelido","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_26_03_06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as flame retardants for years, until they were banned following their inclusion in the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2001). The chemical and physical properties of PBDEs determine their ability to spread and accumulate in the environment and bioaccumulate along food chains. More than 90% of total human exposure to PBDEs comes from food. Chronic exposure to PBDEs can cause hepatotoxic, thyrotoxic, neurotoxic, genotoxic, immunotoxic, developmental toxic and potential carcinogenic effects in humans. Although the ban began decades ago, PBDEs are still present in various environmental matrices.Method: This review aims to assess the current picture of human exposure to PBDEs by collecting and evaluating data from human biomonitoring studies available worldwide over the last 10 years.Results and conclusions: The analysis of chosen papers suggests that levels of BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100 and BDE-153 have a global unclear trend, depending on the geographical area in question in the last ten years.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"232-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Refining canine experimental protocols. Editorial. 完善犬类实验方案。社论。

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_01

Laura Ricceri, Federica Pirrone, Stella Falsini, Enrico Alleva

引用次数: 0

A mixed-methods study of facilitators and barriers of an audit and feedback intervention using key performance indicators for the Emergency Medical System in Northeastern Italy. 使用关键绩效指标对意大利东北部紧急医疗系统的审计和反馈干预的促进因素和障碍进行混合方法研究。

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_08

Laura Deroma, Annarita Tullio, Sabrina Licata, Francesca Valent

{"title":"A mixed-methods study of facilitators and barriers of an audit and feedback intervention using key performance indicators for the Emergency Medical System in Northeastern Italy.","authors":"Laura Deroma, Annarita Tullio, Sabrina Licata, Francesca Valent","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_26_03_08","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Audit and feedback (A&F) interventions are strategies used in different health care settings to monitor and improve professional practice and quality of assistance. However, when professional practice needs to be changed, barriers and enablers should be taken into account.Material and methods: We conducted an online survey, a focus group, and a few interviews after disseminating two reports illustrating 61 key performance indicators (KPIs) describing the management of trauma, acute myocardial infarction and stroke in the Emergency Medical System of a Northeastern Italy Region. The study was conducted in the framework of the EASY-NET Project (NET-2016-02364191).Results: Novelty, perception, communication, change, data, and pandemics are the primary themes describing the attitude of health care professionals towards an A&F intervention using KPIs.Conclusions: Improving collaborations and providing specific education should be a primary concern before investing further resources in developing indicators and disseminating results.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"254-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leptospirosis outbreak in an urban setting: epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the 2025 epidemic in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 城市环境中的钩端螺旋体病暴发：波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那萨拉热窝州2025年流行病的流行病学和临床特征。

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_05

Anes Jogunčić, Asaf Salčinović, Agnesa Porović Hodžić, Anisa Bajramović, Zlatan Hamza, Aida Pošković-Bajraktarević, Aysun Tekin, Lal Amos

{"title":"Leptospirosis outbreak in an urban setting: epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the 2025 epidemic in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.","authors":"Anes Jogunčić, Asaf Salčinović, Agnesa Porović Hodžić, Anisa Bajramović, Zlatan Hamza, Aida Pošković-Bajraktarević, Aysun Tekin, Lal Amos","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_05","DOIUrl":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Leptospirosis is an emerging public-health concern in urban settings, but data from temperate European cities remain limited. This study describes the 2025 leptospirosis outbreak in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted using mandatory surveillance data and a supplementary epidemiological questionnaire based on the WHO Leptospirosis Surveillance Tool. Cases were classified according to the ECDC case definition. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and exposure characteristics were analysed.Results: A total of 119 cases were recorded; 63.9% were male and the mean age was 45.8±13.2 years. The overall incidence was 2.84 per 10,000 population, highest in Novi Grad municipality. Common symptoms included weakness, fever, chills, myalgia, and headache. Elevated liver enzymes were the only independent predictor of hospitalisation.Conclusion: The outbreak indicates a shift toward urban leptospirosis, likely linked to environmental contamination and rodent activity rather than traditional rural or flood-related exposure.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"224-231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-year risk of colorectal cancer by faecal haemoglobin concentration in subjects with a negative FIT. FIT阴性受试者粪便血红蛋白浓度与结直肠癌三年风险的关系

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_10

Donella Puliti, Giuseppe Gorini, Adele Caldarella, Teresa Intrieri, Zhanna Tumanova, Gianfranco Manneschi, Carmen Beatriz Visioli, Beatrice Mallardi, Francesca Battisti, Simonetta Bisanzi, Cristina Sani, Giovanna Masala, Marco Zappa, Paola Mantellini

{"title":"Three-year risk of colorectal cancer by faecal haemoglobin concentration in subjects with a negative FIT.","authors":"Donella Puliti, Giuseppe Gorini, Adele Caldarella, Teresa Intrieri, Zhanna Tumanova, Gianfranco Manneschi, Carmen Beatriz Visioli, Beatrice Mallardi, Francesca Battisti, Simonetta Bisanzi, Cristina Sani, Giovanna Masala, Marco Zappa, Paola Mantellini","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_26_03_10","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim: To evaluate whether a risk-stratified colorectal cancer (CRC) screening approach based on a single faecal immunochemical test (FIT) performed better than one using two consecutive tests.Methods: Approximately 420,000 negative FIT results (positivity cut-off: 20 µg faecal haemoglobin, f-Hb/g) were collected between 2000 and 2015 within the Florence screening program.Results: The 3-year CRC risk was 15.9‰ in individuals with 15-20 µg/g on a single test, and 9.36‰ for those with a cumulative f-Hb concentration of 20-40 µg/g across two tests.Discussion: The two-tests approach showed lower discriminatory capacity in identifying the highest-risk subgroup compared to a single test. Screenees with 15-20 µg/g accounted for <1%, but faced a significantly increased 3-year CRC risk.Conclusion: While increasing screening intensity would require more colonoscopies, extending the screening interval for individuals <60 years with undetectable f-Hb, could allow for the reallocation of colonoscopy resources.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"277-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human-horse interactions as complementary strategies for mental health promotion. 人马互动作为促进心理健康的补充策略。

IF 1.7

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_26_03_07

Barbara Collacchi, Chiara Ciacchella, Nadia Francia, Stefania Cerino, Francesca Cirulli

{"title":"Human-horse interactions as complementary strategies for mental health promotion.","authors":"Barbara Collacchi, Chiara Ciacchella, Nadia Francia, Stefania Cerino, Francesca Cirulli","doi":"10.4415/ANN_26_03_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_26_03_07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Animal-assisted interventions (AAI) represent complementary rehabilitative approaches designed to address a range of physical and mental health conditions. Among these, Equine-assisted interventions (EAI) offer structured opportunities for engagement through diverse activities conducted within naturalistic settings, thereby integrating therapeutic processes with ecological contexts.Methods: Over the past years, our group has developed and implemented standardized AAI methodologies that are now embedded within comprehensive intervention planning. This overview summarizes the application of different rehabilitative programs based on EAI.Results: Our findings suggest that EAI can be effectively implemented across a heterogeneous spectrum of psychiatric disorders, contributing to recovery processes and social integration across the lifespan, from childhood to old age.Conclusions: EAI represent innovative, ecologically grounded interventions with promising clinical potential. Further research involving larger, well-characterized samples is warranted to strengthen the evidence base and to expand the applicability of these promising complementary interventions.","PeriodicalId":502090,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"62 3","pages":"241-253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0