GM Crops & Food最新文献_第5页

The state of the 'GMO' debate - toward an increasingly favorable and less polarized media conversation on ag-biotech? “转基因”辩论的现状——媒体对农业生物技术的讨论越来越有利，两极分化越来越少?

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2051243

Sarah Evanega, Joan Conrow, Jordan Adams, Mark Lynas

{"title":"The state of the 'GMO' debate - toward an increasingly favorable and less polarized media conversation on ag-biotech?","authors":"Sarah Evanega, Joan Conrow, Jordan Adams, Mark Lynas","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2022.2051243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2022.2051243","url":null,"abstract":"Although nearly three decades have passed since genetically modified crops (so-called 'GMOs') were widely commercialized, vociferous debate remains about the use of biotechnology in agriculture, despite a worldwide scientific consensus on their safety and utility. This study analyzes the volume and tenor of the GMO conversation as it played out on social and traditional media between 2018 and 2020, looking at 103,084 online and print articles published in English-language media around the world as well as 1,716,071 social media posts. To our knowledge, our analysis is the first comprehensive survey of the shifting traditional and online media discourse on this issue during this time period. While the volume of traditional media coverage of GMOs increased significantly during the period, this was combined with a dramatic drop in the volume of social media posts of over 80%. Traditional media tended to be somewhat more positive in their coverage than social media in 2018 and 2019, but that gap disappeared in 2020. Both traditional and social media saw trends toward increasing favorability, with the positive trend especially robust in social media. The large decline in volume of social media posts, combined with a strong trend toward greater favorability, may indicate a drop in the salience of the GMO debate among the wider population even while the volume of coverage in traditional media increased. Overall, our results suggest that both social and traditional media may be moving toward a more favorable and less polarized conversation on ag-biotech overall.","PeriodicalId":501763,"journal":{"name":"GM Crops & Food","volume":" ","pages":"38-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8959534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Strategic science translation in emerging science: genetically modified crops and Bisphenol A in two cases of contested animal toxicity studies. 新兴科学中的战略科学翻译:转基因作物和双酚A在两个有争议的动物毒性研究中的案例。

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2103368

Monica Racovita, Armin Spök

{"title":"Strategic science translation in emerging science: genetically modified crops and Bisphenol A in two cases of contested animal toxicity studies.","authors":"Monica Racovita, Armin Spök","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2022.2103368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2022.2103368","url":null,"abstract":"When controversies develop around scientific facts or technologies, the potential of science to become a tool in plays of interests and power between different actors is not well recognized. Cordner's concept of Strategic Science Translation (SST) shows that such actions are enabled by the uncertainty and the complexity of the scientific processes that allow the use of science in support of various, often contradictory interests and goals. Two high-profile controversies around animal toxicity studies in two different fields of European regulatory science (genetically modified food and food contact materials) were chosen as case studies to explore and expand the SST concept. Both studies involve emerging science issues, emphasizing tensions between regulatory and academic science. Communications from key Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and industry groups were used for analysis of each controversy. We found that both groups of actors try to present their own interpretation of scientific results, taking advantage of the lack of scientific consensus, of the uncertainties associated with the negotiation in the interpretation of results, and of the wider scientific and political context. In the same time, each actor attempts to challenge the credibility of the other. The lack of formal acknowledgment of the limitations of the emerging scientific fields, as well as of different research approaches between regulatory and academic research contribute to the continuation of controversies in the public domain, as the public cannot easily assess the information presented.","PeriodicalId":501763,"journal":{"name":"GM Crops & Food","volume":" ","pages":"142-155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9367667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40596577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Inhibitory Effect of RASFF on China-EU Trade of Rice-Based Products. 探讨RASFF对中欧米基产品贸易的抑制作用。

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2145838

Qi Zhang, Ye Shen, Zhiwei Jiang, Xiaona Cheng, Yue Jin, Chengyu Shi

{"title":"Exploring the Inhibitory Effect of RASFF on China-EU Trade of Rice-Based Products.","authors":"Qi Zhang, Ye Shen, Zhiwei Jiang, Xiaona Cheng, Yue Jin, Chengyu Shi","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2022.2145838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2022.2145838","url":null,"abstract":"Rice-based products exported from China to Europe have repeatedly encountered technical trade barriers. Using panel data from 24 states of the European Union during 2001-2017, this study builds a theoretical model to investigate the impact of implementation, intensity and structure of the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) on China-EU rice-based product trade. The study found that RASFF has a serious inhibitory effect on the trade of traditional rice-based products because of detecting GM ingredients, showing an obvious lag effect, diffusion effect and structure effect. The negative effect occurs in entry process, and the inhibitory effect of border rejection and information notifications results in time lag, but the marginal effect of alerts for market links is insignificant. Moreover, the positive information disclosure effect of technical barriers implemented by individual members is much smaller than the negative diffusion effect. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed, including the source supervision of the test, the supervision of GM variety approval and GM seed production, the establishment of an early-warning and rapid-response mechanism to technical barriers of agricultural products, and food enterprise information.","PeriodicalId":501763,"journal":{"name":"GM Crops & Food","volume":" ","pages":"355-371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/48/34/KGMC_13_2145838.PMC9704391.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40703899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of genetically modified insect-resistant maize and non-transgenic maize revealed changes in soil metabolomes but not in rhizosphere bacterial community. 转基因抗虫玉米与非转基因玉米相比，土壤代谢组发生了变化，但根际细菌群落没有变化。

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 Epub Date: 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2025725

Yanjun Chen, Libo Pan, Mengyun Ren, Junsheng Li, Xiao Guan, Jun Tao

{"title":"Comparison of genetically modified insect-resistant maize and non-transgenic maize revealed changes in soil metabolomes but not in rhizosphere bacterial community.","authors":"Yanjun Chen, Libo Pan, Mengyun Ren, Junsheng Li, Xiao Guan, Jun Tao","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2022.2025725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2022.2025725","url":null,"abstract":"The deliberate introduction of the beneficial gene in crop plants through transgenic technology can provide enormous agricultural and economic benefits. However, the impact of commercialization of these crops on the ecosystem particularly on belowground soil biodiversity is still uncertain. Here, we examined and compared the effects of a non-transgenic maize cultivar and an insect-resistant transgenic maize cultivar genetically engineered with cry1Ah gene from Bacillus thuringiensis, on the rhizosphere bacterial community using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and soil metabolome profile using UPLC/MS analysis at six different growth stages. We found no significant differences in bacterial community composition and diversity at all growth stages between the two cultivars. The analysis of bacterial beta-diversity showed an evident difference in community structure attributed to plant different growth stages but not to the plant type. In contrast, the soil metabolic profile of transgenic maize differed from that of the non-transgenic plant at some growth stages, and most of the altered metabolites were usually related to the metabolism but not to the plant-microbe interaction related pathways. These results suggest that genetic modification with the cry1Ah gene-altered maize soil metabolism but had no obvious effect on the rhizosphere bacterial community.","PeriodicalId":501763,"journal":{"name":"GM Crops & Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8890387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39644186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Individual and combined effects of land use and weeds on Cry1Ab/c protein expression and yield of transgenic cry1Ab/c rice. 土地利用和杂草对Cry1Ab/c转基因水稻Cry1Ab/c蛋白表达和产量的单独和联合影响

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2107385

Jianmei Fu, Biao Liu

{"title":"Individual and combined effects of land use and weeds on Cry1Ab/c protein expression and yield of transgenic cry1Ab/c rice.","authors":"Jianmei Fu, Biao Liu","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2022.2107385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2022.2107385","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the anticipated commercial exploitation of insect-resistant transgenic rice and that the planting area of cultivated rice overlaps with wild rice, simulating an escape of transgenic rice from farmlands and exploring its fitness after entering semi-natural or natural ecosystems through uncontrolled seed dispersal or gene flow are critical to understand the resulting potential long-term environmental risks. The expression of foreign Cry1Ab/c protein and vegetative and reproductive fitness of insect-resistant transgenic rice Huahui1 (HH1) and its parental-line Minghui63 (MH63) were studied under four treatments combining land use and weed competition: farmland and uncultivated land under weed control (F-NW and U-NW, respectively), and farmland and uncultivated land without weed control (F-W and U-W, respectively). The expression of Cry1Ab/c was significantly lower in U-NW, F-W, and U-W than that in the control treatment, F-NW. Except for plant height, key vegetative (tiller number and biomass) and reproductive (grain number and grain weight per plant) growth indices of transgenic HH1 were significantly lower than those of the parental-line MH63 in F-NW and U-NW, indicating a significant fitness cost. In F-W and U-W, vegetative growth indices (plant height, tiller number, and biomass) were similar in HH1 and MH63; however, key reproductive indices including seed-set rate were significantly higher in HH1 than in MH63, indicating significant fitness benefits. Although these results support large-scale cultivation of insect-resistant transgenic rice in China, the ecological risk involved is high in farmland or uncultivated land without weed control (F-W and U-W).","PeriodicalId":501763,"journal":{"name":"GM Crops & Food","volume":" ","pages":"156-170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9367653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40707013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Slow alignment of GMO allergenicity regulations with science on protein digestibility. 转基因生物致敏性调节与蛋白质消化率科学的缓慢一致性。

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2093552

Rod A Herman, John X Q Zhang, Jason M Roper

{"title":"Slow alignment of GMO allergenicity regulations with science on protein digestibility.","authors":"Rod A Herman, John X Q Zhang, Jason M Roper","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2022.2093552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2022.2093552","url":null,"abstract":"The current science on food allergy supports the dual allergen exposure hypothesis where sensitization to allergenic proteins is favored by dermal and inhalation exposure, and tolerization against allergy is favored by exposure in the gut. This hypothesis is bolstered by the epidemiological evidence showing that regions where children are exposed early in life to allergenic foods have lower rates of allergy. This led medical experts to replace the previous recommendation to exclude commonly allergenic foods from the diets of young children with the current recommendation that such foods be introduced to children early in life. Past beliefs that lowering gut exposure would reduce the likelihood that a protein would be allergenic led regulators and risk assessors to consider digestively stable proteins to be of greater allergenic risk. This resulted in international guidance and government regulations for newly expressed proteins in genetically engineered crops that aligned with this belief. Despite empirical results showing that allergens are no more digestively stable than non-allergens, and that gut exposure favors tolerization over sensitization, regulations have not come into alignment with the current science prompting developers to continue to engineer proteins for increased digestibility. In some rare cases, this could potentially increase sensitization risk.","PeriodicalId":501763,"journal":{"name":"GM Crops & Food","volume":" ","pages":"126-130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/91/f0/KGMC_13_2093552.PMC9245576.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40405695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Melatonin-mediated temperature stress tolerance in plants. 褪黑激素介导的植物温度胁迫耐受性。

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2106111

Ali Raza, Sidra Charagh, Pedro García-Caparrós, Md Atikur Rahman, Vincent H Ogwugwa, Faisal Saeed, Wanmei Jin

{"title":"Melatonin-mediated temperature stress tolerance in plants.","authors":"Ali Raza, Sidra Charagh, Pedro García-Caparrós, Md Atikur Rahman, Vincent H Ogwugwa, Faisal Saeed, Wanmei Jin","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2022.2106111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2022.2106111","url":null,"abstract":"Global climate changes cause extreme temperatures and a significant reduction in crop production, leading to food insecurity worldwide. Temperature extremes (including both heat and cold stresses) is one of the most limiting factors in plant growth and development and severely affect plant physiology, biochemical, and molecular processes. Biostimulants like melatonin (MET) have a multifunctional role that acts as a \"defense molecule\" to safeguard plants against the noxious effects of temperature stress. MET treatment improves plant growth and temperature tolerance by improving several defense mechanisms. Current research also suggests that MET interacts with other molecules, like phytohormones and gaseous molecules, which greatly supports plant adaptation to temperature stress. Genetic engineering via overexpression or CRISPR/Cas system of MET biosynthetic genes uplifts the MET levels in transgenic plants and enhances temperature stress tolerance. This review highlights the critical role of MET in plant production and tolerance against temperature stress. We have documented how MET interacts with other molecules to alleviate temperature stress. MET-mediated molecular breeding would be great potential in helping the adverse effects of temperature stress by creating transgenic plants.","PeriodicalId":501763,"journal":{"name":"GM Crops & Food","volume":" ","pages":"196-217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9397135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40624782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51

Genetically modified (GM) late blight-resistant potato and consumer attitudes before and after a field visit. 转基因(GM)抗晚疫病马铃薯和消费者的态度前后实地考察。

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2133396

Jéssica Bubolz, Patrycja Sleboda, Anna Lehrman, Sven-Ove Hansson, Carl Johan Lagerkvist, Björn Andersson, Marit Lenman, Svante Resjö, Marc Ghislain, Muhammad Awais Zahid, Nam Phuong Kieu, Erik Andreasson

引用次数: 1

Genetically Modified (GM) Crop Use 1996-2020: Environmental Impacts Associated with Pesticide Use CHANGE. 1996-2020年转基因作物使用:与农药使用变化相关的环境影响

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2118497

Graham Brookes

{"title":"Genetically Modified (GM) Crop Use 1996-2020: Environmental Impacts Associated with Pesticide Use CHANGE.","authors":"Graham Brookes","doi":"10.1080/21645698.2022.2118497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645698.2022.2118497","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the environmental impacts associated with changes in pesticide use with GM crops at a global level. The main technologies impacting on pesticide use have been crops modified to be tolerant to specific herbicides so as to facilitate improved weed control and crops resistant to a range of crop insect pests that otherwise damage crops or typically require the application of insecticides to control them. Over the 24 year period examined to 2020, the widespread use of GM insect resistant and herbicide tolerant seed technology has reduced pesticide application by 748.6 million kg (-7.2%) of active ingredient and, as a result, decreased the environmental impact associated with insecticide and herbicide use on these crops (as measured by the indicator, the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ)) by a larger 17.3% between 1996 and 2020. The technology that has delivered the largest change in pesticide use has been insect resistant cotton, where a 339 million kg of active ingredient saving has occurred and the associated environmental impact (as measured by the EIQ indicator) has fallen by about a third.","PeriodicalId":501763,"journal":{"name":"GM Crops & Food","volume":" ","pages":"262-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9578716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33504481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Ex-ante impact assessment of GM maize adoption in El Salvador. 萨尔瓦多采用转基因玉米的事前影响评估。

IF 3.9

GM Crops & Food Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Epub Date: 2019-12-22 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2019.1706424

Diego Maximiliano Macall, Stuart J Smyth

引用次数: 3