Psychological Research最新文献

Action inhibition in a sport-specific paradigm: examining the limits of action control in basketball 特定运动范式中的动作抑制：研究篮球运动中动作控制的极限

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-02010-2

Carolin Wickemeyer, Iris Güldenpenning, Matthias Weigelt

{"title":"Action inhibition in a sport-specific paradigm: examining the limits of action control in basketball","authors":"Carolin Wickemeyer, Iris Güldenpenning, Matthias Weigelt","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-02010-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-024-02010-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To investigate the point where inappropriate defensive movements can no longer be inhibited and to validate suitable stimulus material for constructing a basketball-specific anticipation-response-inhibition task, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, participants without basketball expertise (N = 25) watched a video of a basketball jump shot and were asked to release the space bar at the point when the ball leaves the player's fingertips (go-trials). In 25% of all trials, the video was stopped prematurely and participants should withhold their finger-lift response (stop-trials). A staircase-tracking algorithm was used to adjust the point-in-time when the jump shot was stopped in a way that participants’ inhibition rate was at 50% (reflecting the so called “point-of-no-return”, PNR). In Experiment 2, the stimulus material was adapted so that stop-trials simulated a pump fake. The PNR in Experiment 1 was located 187 ms and in Experiment 2 177 ms before the point of ball release. Precision performance benefit from practice across blocks and participants delayed their responses after stop-trials in a subsequent go-trial, which reflects strategic post-stop-trial adjustments. Based on the comparable results of previous studies, the given stimulus material is suitable for investigating response inhibition skills in dynamic sport-specific environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":501681,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research","volume":"420 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recurrent involuntary memories and mind wandering are related but distinct. 反复出现的不自主记忆和思绪游荡有联系，但又有区别。

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01961-w

Ryan C. Yeung, Myra A. Fernandes

引用次数: 0

Music in the eye of the beholder: a pupillometric study on preferred background music, attentional state, and arousal. 观众眼中的音乐：关于首选背景音乐、注意力状态和唤醒的瞳孔测量研究。

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01963-8

Luca Kiss, Bence Szikora, K. Linnell

引用次数: 1

Impact of relative and absolute values on orienting attention in time 相对值和绝对值对时间注意力定向的影响

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01965-6

Jingjing Zhao, Yunfei Gao, Sicen Zhou, Chi Yan, Xiaoqian Hu, Fangxing Song, Saisai Hu, Yonghui Wang, Feng Kong

引用次数: 0

The lack of Aha! experience can be dependent on the problem difficulty 缺乏 "啊哈！"体验可能取决于问题的难度

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01960-x

Gaye Özen-Akın, Sevtap Cinan

{"title":"The lack of Aha! experience can be dependent on the problem difficulty","authors":"Gaye Özen-Akın, Sevtap Cinan","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-01960-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-024-01960-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous research on how problem-difficulty affects solution-types of insight-problems has yielded contradictory findings. Thus, we aimed to examine the impact of problem-difficulty on solution-types in both inter- and intra-problem-difficulty contexts. For this, we employed the original 8-coin, and 9-dot problems and four hinted-versions of those that were manipulated by using hints-to-remove-sources-of-difficulty to alter their difficulty level. Those manipulations were executed based on the assumptions of constraint-relaxation and chunk-decomposition as posited by representational change theory. The study involved a total of 165 participants who were tested in five groups (33 per se), with each group receiving an original or hinted problem. Following their correct solutions, problem-solvers classified their solution-types (insight or non-insight solutions) by whether they had an Aha!-experience during the solution. Across all groups, 56.1% of correctly solved insight problems were solved with Aha!-experience, based on participants' self-reports, implying that correct solutions should not be equated with insight. Subsequently, the solution-type rates were compared for both original problems (inter-problem-difficulty) and hinted versions of those at each difficulty level (intra-problem-difficulty). Inter-problem-difficulty comparisons demonstrated that the easier 8-coin problem was more likely to be solved with insight than the harder 9-dot problem. In contrast, intra-problem-difficulty comparisons revealed that harder problems were more likely to be solved with insight. These findings suggest that problem-difficulty should be considered in future studies of insight. Finally, separate analyses on the predictive values of the cognitive-affective-dimensions on solution-types revealed that, after adjusting for problem-difficulty, problem-solvers with higher suddenness scores in both problems exhibited a significantly higher probability of generating insight solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":501681,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140613031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of emotion recognition in reappraisal affordances 情感识别在再评价能力中的作用

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01966-5

Natali Moyal, Ilona Glebov-Russinov, Avishai Henik, Gideon E. Anholt

{"title":"The role of emotion recognition in reappraisal affordances","authors":"Natali Moyal, Ilona Glebov-Russinov, Avishai Henik, Gideon E. Anholt","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-01966-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-024-01966-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Introduction</h3><p>Emotion regulation is essential for psychological well-being. One strategy that is commonly researched is reappraisal. Individual differences regarding the tendency to use reappraisal, as well as its implications for affective experience, were extensively studied. In recent years, interest has emerged in the choice to use reappraisal, based on stimuli properties. Recently, we suggested that reappraisal is related to emotion recognition processes. Emotion recognition (and affective labeling, as an explicit form of emotion recognition) is regarded as a form of emotion regulation, however, the relations between emotion recognition and reappraisal have not been previously investigated. The aim of the current study was to explore the relationship between reappraisal affordances (the opportunities of re-interpretation that are inherent in a stimulus) and emotion recognition.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>For this purpose, we used the Categorized Affective Picture Database, a database that provides data regarding the emotional category of each picture, agreement levels for each category, and intensity ratings. Agreement levels were used to assess the certainty regarding the emotion evoked by the pictures.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Findings suggest that reappraisal affordance is predicted by both agreement levels and intensity, in negative pictures alone. In negative pictures, intensity was negatively correlated with the difficulty to reappraise.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Discussion</h3><p>These findings strengthen the hypothesis regarding the relationship between emotion recognition and reappraisal, and provide evidence for the role of emotion recognition in reappraisal affordances.</p>","PeriodicalId":501681,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140578066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction of motor practice and memory training in expressive piano performance: expanding the possibilities of improvisation 运动练习和记忆训练在钢琴演奏表现力中的相互作用：拓展即兴创作的可能性

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01964-7

Jing Hua

{"title":"Interaction of motor practice and memory training in expressive piano performance: expanding the possibilities of improvisation","authors":"Jing Hua","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-01964-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-024-01964-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper aimed to investigate the influence of motor practice and music performance experiences on musicians’ auditory memory, the effect of auditory distinctiveness on melody recognition, and the differences in the working memory of classical and jazz pianists. The study was conducted among 26 jazz and 24 classical music students at Shenyang Conservatory of Music. To achieve the goal set, a melody recognition ability was analyzed after listening, performing without sound, and simultaneous listening and performing using computer recordings and pianist-taken notes. The study was conducted following repeated measures mixed design. The within-group variable was the learning condition. As the within-participant variable, the number of melody practicing trials was chosen. The type of influence on auditory memory was chosen as a between-group variable. The dependent variables were auditory recognition score, motor imagery ability, and auditory imagery ability. Students’ recognition of the heard melodies was assessed by means of a 3-point Likert scale. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to investigate the relationship between working memory and other student characteristics. The study outcomes unveiled that pianists are much better at recognizing tunes they generate themselves in auditory-motor practice than auditory practice alone. It was pointed out that the ability to recognize melody in auditory-motor learning is influenced by its acoustic characteristics. Hence, melodies that are slow in tempo and regular in time and intensity are easier to recognize than more variable pieces.</p>","PeriodicalId":501681,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controlling response order without relying on stimulus order – evidence for flexible representations of task order 不依赖刺激顺序控制反应顺序--任务顺序灵活表征的证据

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01953-w

Jens Kürten, Tilo Strobach, Lynn Huestegge

{"title":"Controlling response order without relying on stimulus order – evidence for flexible representations of task order","authors":"Jens Kürten, Tilo Strobach, Lynn Huestegge","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-01953-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-024-01953-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In dual-task situations, both component tasks are typically not executed simultaneously but rather one after another. Task order is usually determined based on bottom-up information provided by stimulus presentation order, but also affected by top-down factors such as instructions and/or differentially dominant component tasks (e.g., oculomotor task prioritization). Recent research demonstrated that in the context of a randomly switching stimulus order, task order representations can be integrated with specific component task information rather than being coded in a purely abstract fashion (i.e., by containing only generic order information). This conclusion was derived from observing consistently smaller task-order switch costs for a preferred (e.g., oculomotor-manual) versus a non-preferred (e.g., manual-oculomotor) task order (i.e., order-switch cost asymmetries). Since such a representational format might have been especially promoted by the sequential stimulus presentation employed, we investigated task-order representations in situations without any bottom-up influence of stimulus order. To this end, we presented task stimuli simultaneously and cued the required task-order in advance. Experiment 1 employed abstract order transition cues that only indicated a task-order repetition (vs. switch) relative to the previous trial, while Experiment 2 used explicit cues that unambiguously indicated the task-order. Experiment 1 revealed significant task-order switch costs <i>only</i> for the second task (of either task order) and no order-switch cost asymmetries, indicating a rather generic representation of task order. Experiment 2 revealed task-order switch costs in <i>both</i> component tasks with a trend toward order-switch cost asymmetries, indicating an integration of task order representations with component task information. These findings highlight an astonishing flexibility of mental task-order representations during task-order control.</p>","PeriodicalId":501681,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unpacking associations among children’s spatial skills, mathematics, and arithmetic strategies: decomposition matters 解读儿童空间技能、数学和算术策略之间的关联：分解问题

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01952-x

Wenke Möhring, Léonie Moll, Magdalena Szubielska

{"title":"Unpacking associations among children’s spatial skills, mathematics, and arithmetic strategies: decomposition matters","authors":"Wenke Möhring, Léonie Moll, Magdalena Szubielska","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-01952-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-024-01952-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several studies revealed links between mental rotation and mathematical tasks, but the intervening processes in this connection remain rather unexplored. Here, we aimed to investigate whether children’s mental rotation skills relate to their accuracy in solving arithmetic problems via their usage of decomposition strategies, thus probing one potential intervening process. To this end, we examined a sample of 6- to 8-year-olds (<i>N</i> = 183) with a chronometric mental rotation task, and asked children to solve several arithmetic problems while assessing their solution strategies. After each arithmetic problem, children were asked about their strategy to solve the respective arithmetic problem and these were classified as either counting, decomposition, or retrieval strategies. Analyses were controlled for age, sex, fluid and verbal reasoning. Results indicated that children’s response times and accuracy in the mental rotation task were best explained by linear functions of rotation angle, suggesting the usage of dynamic mental transformation strategies. A multiple mediation model revealed that children with higher mental rotation skills were more inclined to use higher-level mental strategies such as decomposition which in turn increased their accuracy of solving arithmetic problems. None of the other arithmetic strategies revealed significant indirect effects. These findings suggest that children with higher mental rotation skills may profit from visualizing and flexibly transforming numerical magnitudes, increasing the frequency of decomposition strategies. Overall, decomposition may play a unique role in the connection between children’s mental rotation and arithmetic skills, which is an essential information for planning future training and experimental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":501681,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140578171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What makes different number-space mappings interact? 是什么让不同的数空映射相互影响？

Psychological Research Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01958-5

Arnaud Viarouge, Maria Dolores de Hevia

{"title":"What makes different number-space mappings interact?","authors":"Arnaud Viarouge, Maria Dolores de Hevia","doi":"10.1007/s00426-024-01958-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-024-01958-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Models of numerical cognition consider a visuo-spatial representation to be at the core of numerical processing, the ‘mental number line’. Two main interference effects between number and space have been described: the SNARC effect reflects a small number/left side and large number/right side association (number-location mapping); the size-congruity effect (SCE) reflects a small number/small size and large number/large size association (number-size mapping). Critically, a thorough investigation on the representational source for these two number-space mappings is lacking, leaving open the question of whether the same representation underlies both phenomena. Here, we build on a recent study (Viarouge and de Hevia in Front Hum Neurosci 15:750964, 2021) in order to address this question in three experiments, by systematically manipulating the presence of the two conditions that might elicit an interaction between SNARC and SCE: (i) an implicit task whereby numerical and spatial information are task-irrelevant, (ii) a design in which the number-space congruency relative to both mappings vary at the same level -either both within or between blocks. Experiment 1 replicated the interaction between the two mappings when both factors were present. Experiments 2 and 3 dissociated the two factors by varying the two mappings at the same level but using an explicit comparison task (Experiment 2), or by using an implicit task but with mappings varying at different levels (Experiment 3). We found that both factors, either in combination or used in isolation, drive the interaction between the two number-space mappings. These findings are discussed in terms of the weight given to each mapping, suggesting that a single representation encompassing both number-space mappings is therefore activated whenever both mappings are given equal weight through task requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":501681,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0