Journal of Mathematical Psychology最新文献_第3页

Making valuations with the priority heuristic 用优先权启发式进行估值

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102883

Konstantinos V. Katsikopoulos

{"title":"Making valuations with the priority heuristic","authors":"Konstantinos V. Katsikopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The priority heuristic is a lexicographic semi-order for choosing between gambles. It has merits such as predicting, out-of-sample, people's majority choice more accurately than benchmarks such as prospect theory, having been axiomatized, and logically implying major violations of expected utility theory. The heuristic has shortcomings too, such as failing to account for individual differences and intricate choice patterns, and predicting less accurately than various model ensembles and neural networks in some environments. This note focuses on an important purported shortcoming of the heuristic, that it cannot produce valuations of gambles. I point out that the certainty equivalent of a gamble for the priority heuristic is known and suggest that this fact can be used to enhance the scope of the heuristic. Indeed, by making simple auxiliary assumptions and calculations, I demonstrate that the priority heuristic can explain the Saint Petersburg paradox and the equity premium puzzle, and to do so arguably more parsimoniously and plausibly than standard approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002224962400052X/pdfft?md5=33d571a5e4e5b946fd089948c0769780&pid=1-s2.0-S002224962400052X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bayesian networks and knowledge structures in cognitive assessment: Remarks on basic comparable aspects 认知评估中的贝叶斯网络和知识结构：关于基本可比性的评论

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102875

Luigi Burigana

引用次数: 0

Invariance of comparisons: Separation of item and person parameters beyond Rasch models 比较的不变性：Rasch 模型之外的项目参数和人称参数分离

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102876

Gerhard Tutz

引用次数: 0

Measuring a thought 衡量思想

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102868

Stephen W Link

引用次数: 0

Measuring the velocity of spatio-temporal attention waves 测量时空注意力波的速度

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102874

Richard J. Jagacinski , Aijia Ma , Tyler N. Morrison

{"title":"Measuring the velocity of spatio-temporal attention waves","authors":"Richard J. Jagacinski , Aijia Ma , Tyler N. Morrison","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A sequence of visual or auditory events may be perceived as a single continuing sequence or as two or more separate sequences occurring in parallel. The latter percept occurs when the perceived distance between events is large, and the timing is fast, and is referred to as “streaming.” Several researchers have previously argued that streaming indicates a velocity constraint on the movement of attention. To test this hypothesis the present experiment measured tradeoffs between distance and timing for the onset or loss of streaming in a rectangular pattern of displayed lights. Two linear tradeoffs were found, one corresponding to the loss of streaming when the light pattern was slowed down, and one corresponding to the onset of streaming when the light pattern was sped up. The slopes of these linear relations are interpreted as integer multiples of the velocity of spatio-temporal attention waves. A process model postulates that participants adjust the wavelength of their spatio-temporal attentional traveling wave to match the height of the displayed rectangle. Streaming is assumed to occur when peaks in the attentional traveling wave coincide with the onsets of lights at the top and bottom of the displayed rectangle. Additional supporting evidence for temporal and spatial attention waves is reviewed. This model may be useful for understanding some forms of attentional deficits as well as expert attentional skills arising in musical performance, sports, meditation, and other tasks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 102874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: A celebration of A. A. J. Marley 社论：纪念 A. A. J. 马里

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102871

Hans Colonius, Michel Regenwetter, Joffre Swait

引用次数: 0

Inferred representations behave like oscillators in dynamic Bayesian models of beat perception 节拍感知动态贝叶斯模型中的推断表征表现得像振荡器

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102869

Jonathan Cannon , Thomas Kaplan

{"title":"Inferred representations behave like oscillators in dynamic Bayesian models of beat perception","authors":"Jonathan Cannon , Thomas Kaplan","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The human’s capacity to perceptually entrain to an auditory rhythm has been repeatedly modeled as a dynamical system consisting of one or more forced oscillators. However, a more recent perspective, closely related to the popular theory of Predictive Processing, treats auditory entrainment as an inference process in which the observer infers the phase, tempo, and/or metrical structure of an auditory stimulus based on event timing. Here, we propose a close relationship between these two perspectives. We show for the first time that a system performing variational Bayesian inference about the circular phase underlying a rhythmic stimulus takes the form of a forced, damped oscillator with a specific nonlinear phase response function corresponding to the internal metrical model of the underlying rhythm. This algorithm can be extended to simultaneous inference on both phase and tempo using one of two possible approximations that closely align with the two most prominent models of auditory entrainment: one yields a single oscillator with an adapting period, and the other yields a networked bank of oscillators. We conclude that an inference perspective on rhythm perception can offer similar descriptive power and flexibility to a dynamical systems perspective while also plugging into the fertile unifying framework of Bayesian Predictive Processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 102869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022249624000385/pdfft?md5=4fbe452dc961d465935888820e3f3ab4&pid=1-s2.0-S0022249624000385-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A straightforward and valid correction to Nathoo et al.’s Bayesian within-subject credible interval 对 Nathoo 等人的贝叶斯受试者内可信区间进行直接有效的修正

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102873

Steffen Zitzmann , Christoph Lindner , Martin Hecht

{"title":"A straightforward and valid correction to Nathoo et al.’s Bayesian within-subject credible interval","authors":"Steffen Zitzmann , Christoph Lindner , Martin Hecht","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The APA encourages authors to thoroughly report their results, including confidence intervals. However, considerable debate exists regarding the computation of confidence intervals in within-subject designs. Nathoo et al.’s (2018) recently proposed a Bayesian within-subject credible interval, which has faced criticism for not accounting for the uncertainty associated with estimating subject-specific effects. In this article, we show how Nathoo et al.’s within-subject credible interval can be easily corrected by utilizing the theory of degrees of freedom. This correction obviates the necessity for estimates of subject-specific effects that offer shrinkage. Instead, it involves a straightforward adjustment in degrees of freedom in both the interaction mean squares and the <span><math><mi>t</mi></math></span>-distribution used to compute the interval. Therefore, our proposed interval, being easily computable through a simple formula, eliminates the need for fully Bayesian approaches. It accurately represents uncertainty and offers the interpretational benefit of Bayesian intervals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 102873"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022249624000427/pdfft?md5=77726fd94ebe9e41422c74e39f1052ee&pid=1-s2.0-S0022249624000427-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A proposal for a Riemannian face space and application to atypical vs. typical face similarities 关于黎曼面孔空间的建议以及非典型面孔与典型面孔相似性的应用

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102870

James T. Townsend , Hao-Lun Fu , Cheng-Ju Hsieh , Cheng-Ta Yang

{"title":"A proposal for a Riemannian face space and application to atypical vs. typical face similarities","authors":"James T. Townsend , Hao-Lun Fu , Cheng-Ju Hsieh , Cheng-Ta Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two intriguing papers of the late 1990’s and early 2000s by J. Tanaka and colleagues put forth the hypothesis that a repository of face memories can be viewed as a vector space where points in the space represent faces and each of these is surrounded by an attractor field. This hypothesis broadens the thesis of T. Valentine that face space is constituted of feature vectors in a finite dimensional vector space (e.g., Valentine, 2001). The attractor fields in the atypical part of face space are broader and stronger than those in typical face regions. This notion makes the substantiated prediction that a morphed midway face between a typical and atypical parent will be perceptually more similar to the atypical face. We propose an alternative interpretation that takes a more standard geometrical approach but also departs from the popular types of metrics assumed in almost all multidimensional scaling studies. Rather we propose a theoretical structure based on our earlier investigations of non-Euclidean and especially, Riemannian Face Manifolds (e.g., Townsend, Solomon, & Spencer-Smith, 2001). We assert that this approach avoids some of the issues involved in the gradient theme by working directly with the type of metric inherently associated with the face space. Our approach emphasizes a shift towards a greater emphasis on non-Euclidean geometries, especially Riemannian manifolds, integrating these geometric concepts with processing-oriented modeling. We note that while fields like probability theory, stochastic process theory, and mathematical statistics are commonly studied in mathematical psychology, there is less focus on areas like topology, non-Euclidean geometry, and functional analysis. Therefore, both to elevate comprehension as well as to propagate the latter topics as critical for our present and future enterprises, our exposition moves forward in a highly tutorial fashion, and we embed the material in its proper historical context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 102870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141729138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward a unified perspective on assessment models, part I: Foundations of a framework 以统一的视角看待评估模式，第一部分：框架的基础

IF 2.2 4区心理学

Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102872

Stefano Noventa , Jürgen Heller , Augustin Kelava

{"title":"Toward a unified perspective on assessment models, part I: Foundations of a framework","authors":"Stefano Noventa , Jürgen Heller , Augustin Kelava","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2024.102872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the past years, several theories for assessment have been developed within the overlapping fields of Psychometrics and Mathematical Psychology. The most notable are Item Response Theory (IRT), Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment (CDA), and Knowledge Structure Theory (KST). In spite of their common goals, these frameworks have been developed largely independently, focusing on slightly different aspects. Yet various connections between them can be found in literature. In this contribution, Part I of a three-part work, a unified perspective is suggested that uses two primitives (structure and process) and two operations (factorization and reparametrization) to derive IRT, CDA, and KST models. A Taxonomy of models is built using a two-processes sequential approach that captures the similarities between the conditional probabilities featured in these models and separates them into a first process modeling the effects of individual ability on item mastering, and a second process representing the effects of pure chance on item solving.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 102872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022249624000415/pdfft?md5=28cc2070f8dcf7f69ed90762b1200a1a&pid=1-s2.0-S0022249624000415-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141729137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0