Journal of Mathematical Psychology最新文献

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On informativeness and reducibility in competence models 论胜任力模型的信息性和可约性
IF 1.5 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102955
Huihua Shi , Bo Wang , Ning Gan , Jinjin Li
{"title":"On informativeness and reducibility in competence models","authors":"Huihua Shi ,&nbsp;Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Ning Gan ,&nbsp;Jinjin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Informativeness refers to the extent to which competence states can be inferred from knowledge states by using the equivalence relation induced by problem functions. This concept is closely tied to the minimal or maximal elements within the equivalence classes of skills. This paper primarily explores, within the framework of conjunctive competence models, the relationship between informativeness and floors, which are defined as the greatest lower bounds within these equivalence classes. To represent informativeness, an order embedding between two ordered sets is constructed. Additionally, the study extends its analysis to disjunctive competence models and general competence models. Building on this foundation, we investigate the properties of reducible conjunctive and disjunctive competence models, presenting a method for deriving a unique irreducible domain restriction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 102955"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A dynamic model of context-based retrieval 基于上下文检索的动态模型
IF 1.5 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102957
Madison D. Paron , James D. Paron , Michael J. Kahana
{"title":"A dynamic model of context-based retrieval","authors":"Madison D. Paron ,&nbsp;James D. Paron ,&nbsp;Michael J. Kahana","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a comprehensive model of how experiences are encoded and retrieved from memory. At the core of the model is a dynamic retrieval process incorporating two essential mechanisms: iterative retrieval, whereby information is sequentially sampled from memory to access the full history of experiences; and competitive retrieval, whereby the most prominent features in memory inhibit the recollection of other features. Together with context-based encoding, the model quantitatively explains well-known facts about response order and inter-response times in recall experiments. We show that our retrieval process maps closely to existing decision frameworks, such as drift–diffusion models, suggesting that the memory system plays a fundamental role in a wide-ranging set of decision-making settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 102957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Iverson’s law of similarity 关于艾弗森的相似定律
IF 1.5 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102943
Eszter Gselmann , Christopher W. Doble , Yung-Fong Hsu
{"title":"On Iverson’s law of similarity","authors":"Eszter Gselmann ,&nbsp;Christopher W. Doble ,&nbsp;Yung-Fong Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Iverson (2006b)</span></span> proposed the law of similarity <span><span><span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ξ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>λ</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mi>γ</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>λ</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ξ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>η</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>λ</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span></span></span>for the sensitivity functions <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ξ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mspace></mspace><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>S</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Compared to the former models, the generality of this one lies in that here <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>η</mi></math></span> can also depend on the variables <span><math><mi>λ</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>s</mi></math></span>. In the literature, this model (or its special cases) is usually considered together with a given psychophysical representation (e.g. Fechnerian, subtractive, or affine). Our goal, however, is to study at first Iverson’s law of similarity on its own. We show that if certain mild assumptions are fulfilled, then <span><math><mi>ξ</mi></math></span> can be written in a rather simple form containing only one-variable functions. The obtained form proves to be very useful when we assume some kind of representation.</div><div>Motivated by <span><span>Hsu and Iverson (2016)</span></span>, we then study the above model assuming that the mapping <span><math><mi>η</mi></math></span> is multiplicatively translational. First, we show how these mappings can be characterized. Later we turn to the examination of Falmagne’s power law. According to our results, the corresponding function <span><math><mi>ξ</mi></math></span> can have a Fechnerian representation, and also it can have a subtractive representation. We close the paper with the study of the shift invariance property.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 102943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Standardized mean difference effect sizes for interval-valued data. A distance-based approach 区间值数据的标准化平均差异效应大小。基于距离的方法
IF 1.5 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102954
M. Asunción Lubiano , José García-García , Antonio L. García-Izquierdo , Ana M. Castaño
{"title":"Standardized mean difference effect sizes for interval-valued data. A distance-based approach","authors":"M. Asunción Lubiano ,&nbsp;José García-García ,&nbsp;Antonio L. García-Izquierdo ,&nbsp;Ana M. Castaño","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a large literature in psychological and behavioral sciences describing mean difference effect size indices for real-valued data. These indices are essential for integrating results from different studies, diverse types of data, or various rating scales. The emergence of new types and sources of data motivates the need to adapt the existing effect size measures or to develop new ones in order to facilitate the comparison of the observed experimental outcomes. To this purpose, some indices of the Cohen <span><math><mi>d</mi></math></span> family are to be extended throughout this article in order to deal with interval-valued data by following a distance-based approach and its utility will be illustrated by means of a real-life example where interval-valued responses were collected in a questionnaire.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 102954"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of countable and continuous Richter–Peleg multi-utility representations 可数连续Richter-Peleg多效用表示的表征
IF 1.5 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102940
Gianni Bosi , Esteban Induráin , Ana Munárriz , Yeray R. Rincón
{"title":"Characterization of countable and continuous Richter–Peleg multi-utility representations","authors":"Gianni Bosi ,&nbsp;Esteban Induráin ,&nbsp;Ana Munárriz ,&nbsp;Yeray R. Rincón","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper contributes to the theoretical literature on decision models where agents may encounter challenges in comparing alternatives. We introduce a characterization of countable Richter–Peleg multi-utility representations, both semicontinuous (upper and lower) and continuous, within preorders that may not be total. The proposed theorems provide a comprehensive mathematical framework, complementing previous results of Alcantud et al. and Bosi on countable multi-utility representations. Our characterizations establish necessary and sufficient conditions through topological properties and constructive methods via indicator functions. Furthermore, we introduce a topological framework aligned with the property of strong local non-satiation and provide a novel theorem containing sufficient conditions for the existence of countable upper semi-continuous multi-utility representations of a preorder. The results demonstrate that preference representations can be achieved using countably many functions rather than uncountable families, with implications for computational tractability and the identification of maximal elements in optimization contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 102940"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expected exponential discounting in inter-temporal decision making 跨期决策中的预期指数折现
IF 2.2 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102927
Tom H. Rosenström , Alasdair I. Houston
{"title":"Expected exponential discounting in inter-temporal decision making","authors":"Tom H. Rosenström ,&nbsp;Alasdair I. Houston","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a novel interpretation of delay discounting – a theoretical mechanism by which decision-makers discount the current value of reward if it is obtained at a future time rather than immediately. The theory proposes that decision-makers rationally account for the natural phenomenon of compounded interests (use exponential discounting) but need to take an average or expected value over some uncertainty distribution for the compound interest rate. Hence, the name Expected Exponential Discounting (EED) theory of inter-temporal choice. We show that EED provides a mechanism that unifies multiple empirically discovered descriptive discounting functions and fits to key qualitative findings about delay discounting in humans under non-sequential contexts, such as for hypothetical questions about delayed rewards. The general, falsifiable and comparatively minimal EED theory provides a good sanity check for more complex accounts of delay discounting, but also supports the derivation of new empirical predictions and reference points.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 102927"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Random utility without regularity 无规律性的随机效用
IF 2.2 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102938
Johannes Müller-Trede , Michel Regenwetter
{"title":"Random utility without regularity","authors":"Johannes Müller-Trede ,&nbsp;Michel Regenwetter","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Classical random utility models imply a consistency property called <em>regularity</em>. Decision makers who satisfy regularity are at least as likely to choose an option <span><math><mi>x</mi></math></span> from a set <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span> of available options as from any larger set <span><math><mi>Y</mi></math></span> that contains <span><math><mi>X</mi></math></span>. In light of ample empirical evidence for context-dependent choice that violates regularity, some researchers have questioned the descriptive validity of all random utility models. In this article, we show that not all random utility models imply regularity. We propose a general framework for random utility models that accommodate context dependence and may violate regularity. Mathematically, like the classical models, context-dependent random utility models form convex polytopes. They yield behavioral predictions for those choice sets from which choices are made, by specifying combinations of preference rankings across two or more contexts. We discuss how context-dependent models can be less or more parsimonious than the classical models. Random utility models with or without regularity can be tested with contemporary methods of order-constrained inference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 102938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An alternative attribute map for polytomous assessment structures 用于多单元评估结构的可选属性映射
IF 1.5 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102941
Bo Wang , Jinjin Li , Bochi Xu , Wen Sun , Yingru Lin
{"title":"An alternative attribute map for polytomous assessment structures","authors":"Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Jinjin Li ,&nbsp;Bochi Xu ,&nbsp;Wen Sun ,&nbsp;Yingru Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present paper introduces an attribute map that offers an alternative approach to modeling polytomous item–response relationships. This new attribute map is based on the principle that each available attribute can independently enable an item to reach a specific observable response level. The paper rigorously defines this attribute map and establishes the corresponding item–response function. Using these two maps, a coherent attribute structure is constructed, leading to a competence-based polytomous assessment structure. Finally, a straightforward mathematical example is provided to illustrate the validity and practical applicability of this theoretical framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 102941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The stochastic 2-binary choice problem 随机二叉选择问题
IF 2.2 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102939
Paola Manzini , Marco Mariotti , Henrik Petri
{"title":"The stochastic 2-binary choice problem","authors":"Paola Manzini ,&nbsp;Marco Mariotti ,&nbsp;Henrik Petri","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The classic (to date unsolved) stochastic binary choice problem asks under what conditions a given stochastic choice function defined on pairs of alternatives derives from a random ranking. We propose a solution to the problem for the case in which at most two rankings are assigned positive probability. This case is psychologically motivated and interesting for applications. It is structurally different from the general case in that the choice functions that are derived from a random ranking do not necessarily form a convex polytope, hence they are not even in principle described by a set of linear inequalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 102939"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Honey, I shrunk the irrelevant effects! Simple and flexible approximate Bayesian regularization 亲爱的,我缩小了无关的效果!简单灵活的近似贝叶斯正则化
IF 2.2 4区 心理学
Journal of Mathematical Psychology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102925
Diana Karimova , Sara van Erp , Roger Th.A.J. Leenders , Joris Mulder
{"title":"Honey, I shrunk the irrelevant effects! Simple and flexible approximate Bayesian regularization","authors":"Diana Karimova ,&nbsp;Sara van Erp ,&nbsp;Roger Th.A.J. Leenders ,&nbsp;Joris Mulder","doi":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmp.2025.102925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the social and behavioral sciences and related fields, statistical models are becoming increasingly complex with more parameters to explain intricate dependency structures among larger sets of variables. Regularization techniques, like penalized regression, help identify key parameters by shrinking negligible effects to zero, resulting in parsimonious solutions with strong predictive performance. This paper introduces a simple and flexible approximate Bayesian regularization (ABR) procedure, combining a Gaussian approximation of the likelihood with a Bayesian shrinkage prior to obtain a regularized posterior. Parsimonious (interpretable) solutions are obtained by taking the posterior modes. Parameter uncertainty is quantified using the full posterior. Implemented in the R package <span>shrinkem</span>, the method is evaluated in synthetic and empirical applications. Its flexibility is demonstrated across various models, including linear regression, relational event models, mediation analysis, factor analysis, and Gaussian graphical models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 102925"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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