bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition最新文献_第6页

Wild jackdaws learn social tolerance to exploit new information 野生鸦雀学习社会宽容以利用新信息

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.609864

Josh J Arbon, Noa Truskanov, Emily Stott, Guillam E McIvor, Alex Thornton

引用次数: 0

Latent learning without map-like representation of space in navigating ants 导航蚂蚁在没有地图式空间表征的情况下进行潜在学习

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.610243

Leo CLEMENT, Sebastian Schwarz, Antoine Wystrach

{"title":"Latent learning without map-like representation of space in navigating ants","authors":"Leo CLEMENT, Sebastian Schwarz, Antoine Wystrach","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.29.610243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.29.610243","url":null,"abstract":"Desert ants are excellent navigators. Each individual learns long foraging routes meandering between the trees and bushes in their natural habitat. It is well-known how the insect brain memorizes and recognizes views, and how this recognition can guide their way. However, little is known about the rule that guide spatial learning in the first place. Here we recorded the paths of desert ants navigating in their natural habitat under various displacement conditions. We demonstrate that ants learn continuously the routes they travel and memorize them in one trial, without the need for reward or punishment, and even if these routes are meandering and do not lead to places of interest: a concept called \"latent learning\", which is typically associated with the formation of map-like representation in vertebrates. Yet, the failure of ants to solve simple artificial navigation tasks -even with the goal being clearly visible- reveals that they relied on egocentric visual memories without map-like representation of the surrounding space. Our results unveil the rules governing the formation and recall of latent memories. A model shows that it can be implemented in the insect's Mushroom bodies brain area through dynamic interactions between short- and long-lasting memories.","PeriodicalId":501210,"journal":{"name":"bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex and morph variation in activity from early ontogeny to maturity in ruffs (Calidris pugnax) 围脖鸟（Calidris pugnax）从幼年期到成熟期活动的性别和形态变化

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.30.610446

Veronika A. Rohr-Bender, Krisztina Kupan, Guadalupe Lopez-Nava, Wolfgang Forstmeier, Anne Hertel, Vitali Razumov, Katrin Martin, Bart Kempenaers, Clemens Kuepper

{"title":"Sex and morph variation in activity from early ontogeny to maturity in ruffs (Calidris pugnax)","authors":"Veronika A. Rohr-Bender, Krisztina Kupan, Guadalupe Lopez-Nava, Wolfgang Forstmeier, Anne Hertel, Vitali Razumov, Katrin Martin, Bart Kempenaers, Clemens Kuepper","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.30.610446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.30.610446","url":null,"abstract":"Intraspecific variation provides the substrate for the evolution of organisms. Ruffs show exceptional phenotypic variation in physiology, appearance and behaviour linked to variation between sexes and male alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). The male ARTs are associated with the evolution of separate morphs, which are encoded by an autosomal supergene. However, the effects of the supergene on females and chicks are much less well understood. In particular, it is still unknown, whether females also show morph-specific behavioural variation, when behavioural differences emerge during ontogeny, and whether behavioural differences can be detected outside of the breeding context. To address these knowledge gaps, we repeatedly measured the activity in an unfamiliar environment, also known as exploration behaviour, of 109 hand-raised young ruffs throughout their first two years of life. We used automated tracking in an open field arena, and quantified the distance moved within 10 minutes to examine behavioural differences between sexes, morphs and individuals. The activity of young ruffs rapidly increased during the first month after their crouching reflex, a response to potential threats, subsided. Repeatability of individual activity was initially low but increased throughout juvenile ontogeny and was high (R = 0.5) from day 21 onwards. Variation in activity was clearly sex-linked with females moving more than males, indicating potential energetic trade-offs accompanying the strong sexual size dimorphism. In contrast, morph differences in activity remained inconsistent and elusive, both in females and in males. Our results indicate that in species where much of the known behavioural variation is linked to mating tactics, a non-reproductive behaviour can show between-individual variation and clear sex differences, whereas morph differences appear less pronounced.","PeriodicalId":501210,"journal":{"name":"bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ChimpanSEE, ChimpanDO: Grooming and play contagion in chimpanzees ChimpanSEE, ChimpanDO：黑猩猩的新陈代谢和游戏传染

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.610309

Georgia Sandars, Jake Stephen Brooker, Zanna Clay

{"title":"ChimpanSEE, ChimpanDO: Grooming and play contagion in chimpanzees","authors":"Georgia Sandars, Jake Stephen Brooker, Zanna Clay","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.29.610309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.29.610309","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioural contagion—the onset of a species-typical behaviour soon after witnessing it in a conspecific—forms the foundation of behavioural synchrony and cohesive group living in social animals. Although past research has mostly focused on negative emotions or neutral contexts, the sharing of positive emotions in particular may be key for social affiliation. We investigated the contagion of two socially affiliative interactive behaviours, grooming and play, in chimpanzees. We collected naturalistic observations of <em>N</em> = 41 sanctuary-living chimpanzees at Chimfunshi Wildlife Orphanage, conducting focal follows of individuals following observations of a grooming or play bout, compared with matched controls. We then tested whether the presence and latency of behavioural contagion was influenced by age, sex, rank, and social closeness. Our results offer evidence for the presence of grooming and play contagion in sanctuary-living chimpanzees. Grooming contagion appeared to be influenced by social closeness, whilst play contagion was more pronounced in younger individuals. These findings emphasise that contagion is not restricted to negatively valenced or self-directed behaviours, and that the predictors of contagious behaviour are highly specific to the behaviour and species in question. Examining the factors that influence this foundational social process contributes to theories of affective state matching and is key for understanding social bonding and group dynamics.","PeriodicalId":501210,"journal":{"name":"bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An affordable solution for investigating zebra finch intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals 研究斑马鱼颅内脑电图（iEEG）信号的经济型解决方案

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.610238

Mohammad-Mahdi Abolghasemi, Shahriar Rezghi Shirsavar, Milad Yekani

{"title":"An affordable solution for investigating zebra finch intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals","authors":"Mohammad-Mahdi Abolghasemi, Shahriar Rezghi Shirsavar, Milad Yekani","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.29.610238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.29.610238","url":null,"abstract":"The Zebra finch is a well-studied animal for studying neural mechanisms of speech, and electrophysiology is the primary technique for understanding the song system in them. Most of the studies on zebra finches have focused on intracerebral recordings. However, these methods are only affordable for limited laboratories. Recently, different open-source hardware for acquiring EEG signals has been developed. It is unclear whether these solutions suit zebra finch studies as they have not been evaluated. Electrocorticography signals can provide a preliminary guide for more in-depth inquiries and also aid in understanding the global behavior of the bird's brain, as opposed to the more common localized approach. We provide a detailed protocol for acquiring iEEG data from zebra finches with an open-source device. We implemented stainless steel electrodes on the brain's surface and recorded the brain signals from two recording sites. To validate our method, we ran two different experiments. In the first experiment, we recorded neural activity under various concentrations of isoflurane and extracted the suppression duration to measure anesthesia depth. In the second experiment, we head-fixed the birds and presented them with different auditory stimuli to evaluate event-related potential (ERP). Results showed a significant increase in the suppression duration by increasing the anesthesia depth and evident ERP response to auditory stimuli. These findings indicate that by our methodology, we can successfully collect iEEG signals from awake and anesthetized birds. These findings pave the way for future studies to use iEEG to investigate bird cognition.","PeriodicalId":501210,"journal":{"name":"bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social complexity during early development has long-term effects on neuroplasticity in the social decision-making network 早期发育过程中的社会复杂性会对社会决策网络的神经可塑性产生长期影响

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.30.610458

Oceane La Loggia, Diogo F. Antunes, Nadia Aubin-Horth, Barbara Taborsky

{"title":"Social complexity during early development has long-term effects on neuroplasticity in the social decision-making network","authors":"Oceane La Loggia, Diogo F. Antunes, Nadia Aubin-Horth, Barbara Taborsky","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.30.610458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.30.610458","url":null,"abstract":"In social species, early social experience shapes the development of appropriate social behaviours during conspecific interactions referred to as social competence. However, the underlying neuronal mechanisms responsible for the acquisition of social competence are largely unknown. One key candidate to influence social competence is neuroplasticity, which functions to restructure neural networks in response to novel experiences or alterations of the environment. One important mediator of this restructuring is the neurotrophin BDNF, which is well conserved among vertebrates. We studied the highly social fish Neolamprologus pulcher, in which the impact of early social experience on social competence has been previously shown. We investigated experimentally how variation of the early social environment impacts markers of neuroplasticity by analysing the relative expression of the bdnf gene and its receptors p75NTR and TrkB across nodes of the Social Decision-Making Network. In fish raised in larger groups, bdnf and TrkB were upregulated in the anterior tuberal nucleus, compared to fish raised in smaller groups, while TrkB was downregulated and bdnf was upregulated in the lateral part of the dorsal telencephalon. In the preoptic area (POA), all three genes were upregulated in fish raised in large groups, suggesting that early social experiences might lead to changes of the neuronal connectivity in the POA. Our results highlight the importance of the early social experience in programming the constitutive expression of neuroplasticity markers, suggesting that the effects of early social experience on social competence might be due to changes in neuroplasticity.","PeriodicalId":501210,"journal":{"name":"bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Learning to Move and Plan like the Knight: Sequential Decision Making with a Novel Motor Mapping 像骑士一样学习移动和规划：利用新颖的运动映射进行顺序决策

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.610359

Carlos Alan Velazquez Vargas, Jordan A. Taylor

{"title":"Learning to Move and Plan like the Knight: Sequential Decision Making with a Novel Motor Mapping","authors":"Carlos Alan Velazquez Vargas, Jordan A. Taylor","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.29.610359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.29.610359","url":null,"abstract":"Many skills that humans acquire throughout their lives, such as playing video games or sports, require substantial motor learning and multi-step planning. While both processes are typically studied separately, they are likely to interact during the acquisition of complex motor skills. In this work, we studied this interaction by assessing human performance in a sequential decision-making task that requires the learning of a non-trivial motor mapping. Participants were tasked to move a cursor from start to target locations in a grid world, using a standard keyboard. Notably, the specific keys were arbitrarily mapped to a movement rule resembling the Knight chess piece. In Experiment 1, we showed the learning of this mapping in the absence of planning, led to significant improvements in the task when presented with sequential decisions at a later stage. Computational modeling analysis revealed that such improvements resulted from an increased learning rate about the state transitions of the motor mapping, which also resulted in more flexible planning from trial to trial (less perseveration or habitual responses). In Experiment 2, we showed that incorporating mapping learning into the planning process, allows us to capture (1) differential task improvements for distinct planning horizons and (2) overall lower performance for longer horizons. Additionally, model analysis suggested that participants may limit their search to three steps ahead. We hypothesize that this limitation in planning horizon arises from capacity constraints in working memory, and may be the reason complex skills are often broken down into individual subroutines or components during learning.","PeriodicalId":501210,"journal":{"name":"bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prefrontal working memory signal primarily controls phase-coded information within extrastriate cortex 前额叶工作记忆信号主要控制流散皮层内的相位编码信息

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.28.610140

Mohsen Parto-Dezfouli, M Isabel Vanegas, Mohammad Zarei, William H. Nesse, Kelsey L. Clark, Behrad Noudoost

引用次数: 0

The influence of sleep disruption on learning and memory in fish 睡眠中断对鱼类学习和记忆的影响

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.28.610197

Will Sowersby, Taiga Kobayahsi, Satoshi Awata, Shumpei Sogawa, Masanori Kohda

{"title":"The influence of sleep disruption on learning and memory in fish","authors":"Will Sowersby, Taiga Kobayahsi, Satoshi Awata, Shumpei Sogawa, Masanori Kohda","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.28.610197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.28.610197","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep is ubiquitous across animal taxa. Strong evolutionary pressures have conserved sleep over the evolutionary history of animals, yet our understanding of the functions of sleep still largely derives from mammals and select laboratory models. Sleep is considered to play an important role in mental processes, including learning and memory consolidation, but how widespread this relationship occurs across taxa remains unclear. Here, we test the impact of sleep disruption on the ability of the cleaner fish (Labroides dimidiatus) to both learn and then remember a novel cognitive task. We found a significant negative relationship between sleep disruption and the ability to learn a food reward choice system. Specifically, we found that fish in a disturbed sleep treatment took significantly longer and made more incorrect decisions when finding the food reward, compared to individuals in a non-disturbed/normal sleep treatment. In contrast, the differences between the two treatment groups were non-significant when fish where tasked with remembering the food reward several days later. Our results demonstrate a negative impact of sleep disruption on performance in a cognitive challenging task and that the effects were strongest when fish were first exposed to the challenge. Importantly, we show that the association between sleep and mental processes, such as learning, may be widespread across vertebrate taxa and potentially have an early origin in the evolutionary history of animals.","PeriodicalId":501210,"journal":{"name":"bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extinction burst could be explained by curiosity-driven reinforcement learning 消亡爆发可以用好奇心驱动的强化学习来解释

bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.28.610088

Kota Yamada, Hiroshi Matsui, Koji Toda

{"title":"Extinction burst could be explained by curiosity-driven reinforcement learning","authors":"Kota Yamada, Hiroshi Matsui, Koji Toda","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.28.610088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.28.610088","url":null,"abstract":"Curiosity encourages agents to explore their environment, leading to learning opportunities. Although psychology and neurobiology have tackled how external rewards control behavior, how intrinsic factors control behavior remains unclear. An extinction burst is a behavioral phenomenon in which a sudden increase in the frequency of a behavior immediately follows the omission of a reward. Although the extinction burst is textbook knowledge in psychology, there is little empirical evidence of it in experimental situations. In this study, we show that the extinction burst can be explained by curiosity by combining computational modeling of behavior and empirical demonstrations in mice. First, we built a reinforcement learning model incorporating curiosity, defined as expected reward prediction errors, and the model additively controlled the agent's behavior to the primary reward. Simulations revealed that the curiosity-driven reinforcement learning model produced an extinction burst and burst intensity depended on the reward probability. Second, we established a behavioral procedure that captured extinction bursts in an experimental setup using mice. We conducted an operant conditioning task with head-fixed mice, in which the reward followed after pressing a lever at a given probability. After the training sessions, we occasionally withheld the reward delivery when the mice performed the task. We found that phasic bursts of responses occurred immediately after reward omission when responses were rewarded with a high probability, suggesting that the magnitude of reward prediction errors controlled the burst. These results provide theoretical and experimental evidence that intrinsic factors control behavior in adapting to an ever-changing environment.","PeriodicalId":501210,"journal":{"name":"bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0