The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging最新文献

{"title":"Association between Oral Health and Frailty among Older Adults in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"F F Hakeem, E Bernabé, H T Fadel, W Sabbah","doi":"10.1007/s12603-020-1419-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12603-020-1419-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine the association between normative and subjective oral health indicators and frailty assessed by Frailty Phenotype (FP) and frailty index (FI) among older Saudi adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>community and hospital-based.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>participants were 356 community-dwelling older adults attending dental clinics and social centres at Madinah, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Frailty was measured with the frailty phenotype and a 34-item FI. Oral health included the following measures: self-rated oral health, number of teeth, and functional dentition. Covariates included sociodemographic factors and nutritional status. Logistic regression and negative binomial regression models were constructed to test the association between oral health indicators, FP, and FI, respectively. The first model was adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors, the second model was additionally adjusted for nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of teeth, functional dentition and self-rated oral health showed significant associations with frailty after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic variables for both FP and FI. Adjusting for nutritional status attenuated the associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has shown significant associations between oral health indicators namely number of teeth, functional dentition and self-rated oral health, and both FP and FI among Saudi older adults. Nutritional status appeared to mediate the association between oral health and frailty implicating inability to eat in this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":501202,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"975-980"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38677426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Impact of Delirium in Older People With/Without Dementia: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan.","authors":"C-K Liang, H-Y Chuang, F-Y Hsiao, M-Y Chou, T-Y Liu, C-C Yang, L-K Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12603-020-1459-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12603-020-1459-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To elucidate the hypothetically different interactions between delirium and post-discharge prognostic indicators in elderly hospital inpatients with versus without dementia.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study of claims data by Taiwan National Health Insurance beneficiaries between 2002-2013.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Records of public hospital admissions in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research database.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Propensity-score matched subgroups of patients with delirium superimposed on dementia (n = 922) versus dementia alone (n = 922), delirium alone (n = 680) versus neither delirium nor dementia (n = 680).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Mortality, emergency department visits, readmissions, and psychotropic drug use, within 30, 180, and 365 days of discharge, were analyzed using multivariate proportional hazards or logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Delirium superimposed on dementia was not associated with increased post-discharge mortality, or emergency department visits, but significantly increased the risk of readmissions at 365-day follow-up (adjusted HR, 95% CI: 1.26, 1.01-1.56). However, delirium without dementia was significantly associated with increased post-discharge mortality, emergency department visits and readmissions at 180 days and 365 days (respective adjusted HRs: mortality, 1.63 and 1.79; adjusted ORs: emergency department visits, 1.89 and 1.81; readmissions, 1.47 and 1.53). Delirium in patients both with dementia and without, was associated with six-fold higher likelihood of in-hospital psychotropic drug use, and doubled post-discharge psychotropic drug usage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The obvious association between in-hospital delirium and worsened long-term prognosis, irrespective of dementia, raises awareness to warrants proactive and multimodal prevention and intervention strategies. Furthermore, the mechanisms about different influence of delirium for patients with/without dementia need to be further explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":501202,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"951-958"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38677422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Risk and Mortality at One Year for Elderly Patients Hospitalized with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation. Nonavasc Registry.","authors":"A Arenas Miquélez, M A Requena Calleja, A Gullón, A Pose Reino, F Formiga, M Camafort, J M O Cepeda Rodrigo, J M Mostaza, C Suárez Fernández, J Díez-Manglan","doi":"10.1007/s12603-020-1418-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12603-020-1418-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine whether nutritional risk is associated with the mortality of elderly patients hospitalized with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, multicenter cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Internal medicine departments in Spain.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Inpatients >75 years with NVAF.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>We measured the thrombotic and hemorrhagic risk at admission using the CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scales, respectively, and the nutritional risk with the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) index. We established 4 degrees of nutritional risk: null (CONUT score 0-1 point), low (2-4 points), moderate (5-8 points) and high (9-12 points). We also conducted a 1-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 449 patients, with a mean age of 85.2(5.2) years. The nutritional risk was null for 70(15.6%) patients, low for 206 45.9%), moderate for 152(33.8%) and high for 21(4.7%). At the end of one year, 177(39.4%) patients had died. The score on the CONUT index was higher for the deceased patients (4.6 vs. 3.6, p<0.001). The CONUT score (HR, 1.076; 95%CI 1.009-1.148; p=0.025), the Charlson index (HR, 1.080; 95%CI 1.017-1.148; p=0.013) and the presence of pressure ulcers (HR, 1.700; 95%CI 1.028-2.810; p=0.039) were independently associated with increased mortality at one year of follow-up. The prescription of oral anticoagulants at discharge was associated with lower mortality (HR, 0.440; 95%CI 0.304-0.638; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More than a third of elderly patients hospitalized with NVAF have a moderate to high nutritional risk. These patients have greater mortality at the end of one year.</p>","PeriodicalId":501202,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"981-986"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38677427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peak Expiratory Flow as an Index of Frailty Syndrome in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"J A Magave, S J S Bezerra, A P Matos, A C P N Pinto, M S Pegorari, D G Ohara","doi":"10.1007/s12603-020-1423-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12603-020-1423-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to compare the obtained and predicted peak expiratory flow (PEF) values between frail, pre-frail, and non-frail older adults; verify the association between PEF and FS; and establish cut-off points for PEF as determinants of frailty syndrome (FS).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Location: </strong>Macapá, Amapá, Brazil.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Community-based study community-dwelling older people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PEF was evaluated using a peak-flow meter and FS was evaluated using Fried's frailty phenotype. The statistical analyses performed included a multinomial logistic regression model and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to establish cut-off points for discriminating FS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>409 older adults with a mean age of 70.09±7.22 years were evaluated; of these, 58.7% were pre-frail, and 12.7% were frail. PEF was lower in frail than in pre-frail participants, and lower in pre-frail than in non-frail. Frail and pre-frail older adults obtained lower PEF values than predicted. PEF (% Predicted) was inversely associated with frailty and pre-frailty even after adjustment. Cut-off points were established to discriminate the presence of frailty in older men (PEF≤350L/min; AUC=0.669; sensitivity=76.92%; specificity=52%) and women (PEF≤220L/min; AUC=0.597; sensitivity=71.79%; specificity=46.98%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frail and pre-frail older adults presented significantly lower PEF than non-frail participants, and these values were lower than predicted. PEF was inversely associated with frailty and pre-frailty. PEF cut-off points can be used as a complementary method to indicate frailty in community-dwelling older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":501202,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"993-998"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38576025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts from the 4th European Congress on Nutrition and Health in the Elderly. November 4-5, 2004. Toulouse, France.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501202,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"435-84"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25033815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}