Journal of Optical Communications and Networking最新文献_第2页

User-dedicated optical path switching with optical-wireless cooperative control for low-latency and seamless handover 用户专用光路切换与光-无线协同控制，实现低延迟和无缝切换

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.522722

Kenji Miyamoto;Hirotaka Ujikawa;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida

{"title":"User-dedicated optical path switching with optical-wireless cooperative control for low-latency and seamless handover","authors":"Kenji Miyamoto;Hirotaka Ujikawa;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.522722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.522722","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a user-dedicated optical path switching technique for low-latency and seamless handover in the radio access network (RAN) with the all-photonic network (APN). The APN is a network that connects end points directly with optical paths of dedicated wavelengths assigned to each user and provides large-capacity and low-latency connections. As mobile systems beyond 5th generation (5G) and 6th generation (6G) will require extremely low latency, applying the APN to the RAN is promising to achieve this. However, the RAN with the APN has a challenge in optical path switching during the handover procedure of mobile systems because optical switches that compose the APN do not have an Internet protocol (IP) layer function that enables routing control for handover in the conventional router network. Our proposed optical path switching technique to solve this challenge utilizes optical-wireless cooperative control and switches an optical path dedicated to user equipment (UE) executing handover in conjunction with its handover procedure. The key point of the proposed technique is that a next generation node B (gNB) transmits an optimal-timing optical path switching trigger to the optical switch. We experimentally demonstrated the generation of a dedicated optical path for UE in the RAN with the APN as a premise to enable the proposed optical path switching technique. To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed optical path switching technique, we experimentally compared the optical switch and router in terms of latency performance, packet loss, and packet misdirection in the path switching during handover. The results indicated successful optical path switching during handover without packet loss and packet misdirection while reducing the latency per single network equipment by 99%, from 4 µs for the router to 45 ns for the optical switch.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-objective optimization for submarine optical cable route planning based on cross reinforcement learning 基于交叉强化学习的海底光缆路由规划多目标优化

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.529175

Zanshan Zhao;Guanjun Gao;Weiming Gan;Jialiang Zhang;Zengfu Wang;Haoyu Wang;Yonggang Guo

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization for submarine optical cable route planning based on cross reinforcement learning","authors":"Zanshan Zhao;Guanjun Gao;Weiming Gan;Jialiang Zhang;Zengfu Wang;Haoyu Wang;Yonggang Guo","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.529175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.529175","url":null,"abstract":"Submarine cable is a crucial infrastructure for international communications, and its cost and survivability are two key factors that must be considered at its design phase. In this paper, we propose a machine-learning-assisted submarine cable route planning algorithm for minimizing its accumulated cost and risk. The cost and risk distribution and the direction of the submarine cable route’s starting point and endpoint are used as prior data to initialize the state-action of reinforcement learning (RL). We also propose a multi-agent cross reinforcement learning (MA-XRL) framework composed of Q-learning and SARSA to improve the global optimization capability of RL in the case of multi-objective optimization. The results show that, compared to ant colony optimization (ACO), MA-XRL can reduce the accumulated cost by 26.87% under the same accumulated risk. The maximum accumulated cost of the Pareto solutions obtained by MA-XRL is lower than the minimum accumulated cost of that obtained by ACO. Meanwhile, the running time of MA-XRL is only 1.3‰ of that of ACO. Without prior data of cost and risk initialization, the accumulated cost and risk of the best submarine cable route obtained by MA-XRL is 1.84 times and 7.08 times those with cost and risk distribution initialization, respectively. The direction initialization can accelerate the agent to find the endpoint of the submarine cable route and double the search stability of MA-XRL. Compared to using Q-learning or SARSA alone, MA-XRL can respectively reduce the accumulated risk by 71.81% and 39.51% under the same accumulated cost and can reduce the accumulated cost by 16.65% and 11.99% under the same accumulated risk, respectively.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Software-defined networking agent for integrating voice, data, and video services into XGS-PON architectures 将语音、数据和视频服务集成到 XGS-PON 架构中的软件定义网络代理

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.531051

Noemi Merayo;David de Pintos;Juan Carlos Aguado;Ignacio de Miguel;Ramon J. Duran Barroso;Ruben M. Lorenzo

{"title":"Software-defined networking agent for integrating voice, data, and video services into XGS-PON architectures","authors":"Noemi Merayo;David de Pintos;Juan Carlos Aguado;Ignacio de Miguel;Ramon J. Duran Barroso;Ruben M. Lorenzo","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.531051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.531051","url":null,"abstract":"Software-defined networking (SDN) provides an efficient framework for managing passive optical networks (PONs) with equipment from different manufacturers, technologies, and standards. Thus, we recently proposed a robust and flexible SDN-OpenFlow agent to configure and manage 10 gigabit symmetric passive optical networks (XGS-PONs) to support Internet (data) services. That SDN agent communicates with the SDN controller via the OpenFlow protocol and with the optical line terminal (OLT) of the PON via the manufacturer’s chipset-specific API (application programming interface). In this paper, we significantly extend that SDN agent by incorporating the capability to support two essential services for network operators and Internet service providers, specifically voice over IP (VoIP) and video services. The required extensions and configuration procedures on the different layers that compose the SDN agent are described, and an experimental validation of the extended SDN agent in an XGS-PON is conducted, demonstrating its effectiveness in the integration of those two services. The source code of the SDN agent has been made open and available on GitHub.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Connectivity analysis and user access design of ground-to-air ultraviolet communication networks 地对空紫外线通信网络的连接分析和用户接入设计

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.527611

Lei Sun;Chen Gong;Zhengyuan Xu

引用次数: 0

Dynamic capacity sharing with multi-wavelength integrated transmitters in hybrid datacenter networks 混合数据中心网络中的多波长集成发射机动态容量共享

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.528443

Jiawen Zhu;Weiqiang Sun;Tong Ye;Weisheng Hu

{"title":"Dynamic capacity sharing with multi-wavelength integrated transmitters in hybrid datacenter networks","authors":"Jiawen Zhu;Weiqiang Sun;Tong Ye;Weisheng Hu","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.528443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.528443","url":null,"abstract":"In datacenters, bursty and unevenly distributed traffic may lead to serious network performance degradation. Various methods, including reconfigurable optical circuit switching (OCS), traffic control techniques, valiant load balancing (VLB), and so on, have been proposed to solve this problem. Based on these solutions, our method makes a trade-off between cost and performance. In this paper, we propose to use multi-wavelength tunable transmitters in our previously proposed modular arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)-based interconnection network. We discuss how the multiple wavelengths can be shared in the network and then propose a computational model to study its blocking probability. Closed-form equations for low network load cases are also derived to provide the analytical expression for the blocking probability. We verify the accuracy of our computational model through simulations. Comparing the blocking probability of networks with and without multi-wavelength integrated transmitters, we show that network performance can be considerably improved after replacement. When traffic burstiness is 1.25 and traffic skewness is 0.08, the blocking probability is reduced from 0.14 to \u0000<tex>$3.60 times {10^{- 3}}$</tex>\u0000 after replacing in each sending module one fixed laser with multi-wavelength tunable transmitters with four wavelengths. Furthermore, we also discuss how different factors influence the blocking probability and the maximum load with the given network performance requirement.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-time optical-wireless cooperative switching on wireless quality degradation for end-to-end video delay guarantee 针对无线质量下降的实时光-无线协同切换，实现端到端视频延迟保证

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.522729

Hirotaka Ujikawa;Yuka Okamoto;Takumi Harada;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida

{"title":"Real-time optical-wireless cooperative switching on wireless quality degradation for end-to-end video delay guarantee","authors":"Hirotaka Ujikawa;Yuka Okamoto;Takumi Harada;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.522729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.522729","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an optical-wireless cooperative control method to guarantee end-to-end delays in the case of radio quality degradation in wireless networks by switching optical paths. The method leverages the control information from mobile systems to dynamically switch the optical path between the distributed unit (DU) and the far aggregated central unit (CU) to another path forward to the nearest virtualized central unit (vCU) at the edge sight, on the basis of the radio quality. This enables demanding applications that require a combination of high bandwidth and low latency, such as remote operation using drones. Preliminary simulations were conducted to investigate the effect of quality degradation in the wireless domain and the potential effectiveness of the proposed delay compensation method. In the experiments conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed method, the results demonstrated that the optical path switching was successfully performed without packet loss and within 4 ms from the transmission of the control frame. The proposed method was also able to correctly switch back when the processing rate of mobile edge computing (MEC) was exceeded after the radio quality recovered. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of further coordination between wired and wireless control for a wider range of real-time applications using video.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142246370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimized design of horseshoe-and-spur filterless networks leveraging point-to-multipoint coherent pluggable transceivers 利用点对多点相干可插拔收发器优化设计无马蹄形和刺状滤波器网络

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.529546

Mohammad M. Hosseini;Joao Pedro;Nelson Costa;Carlos Castro;Antonio Napoli

{"title":"Optimized design of horseshoe-and-spur filterless networks leveraging point-to-multipoint coherent pluggable transceivers","authors":"Mohammad M. Hosseini;Joao Pedro;Nelson Costa;Carlos Castro;Antonio Napoli","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.529546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.529546","url":null,"abstract":"Cutting-edge network architectures and solutions are needed to empower operators to address capacity demands in metro and access networks efficiently. The horseshoe topology, along with similar topologies, is commonly employed in metro-aggregation segments due to its compatibility with the hub-and-spoke traffic pattern present in these networks and the survivability that they can provide. A filterless architecture can enhance cost-effectiveness by replacing active elements with passive components. Moreover, supporting coherent-based point-to-multipoint transceivers—enabled by digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM)—can yield additional cost savings. It is noteworthy that telecommunication network topologies often evolve to accommodate more end (leaf) nodes, extending the original horseshoe with spurs or small and short trees. This paper targets these types of networks and proposes combining the utilization of coherent pluggable transceivers leveraging DSCM to guarantee transparent communication between the hub and leaf nodes while adopting different filterless node architectures with selective amplifier deployment. Moreover, it discusses the potential advantages of the architecture using an exact optimization framework tailored to various network sizes and scenarios, which accounts for the amplifiers’ placement and the available types of power splitters/combiners/couplers. The results demonstrate that strategically deploying add/drop and express amplifiers, along with optimizing coupler ratios, can effectively meet design requirements while minimizing the number of optical amplifiers required.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142246417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distributed information-theoretical secure protocols for quantum key distribution networks against malicious nodes 针对恶意节点的量子密钥分发网络分布式信息理论安全协议

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.530575

Yi Luo;Qiong Li;Hao-Kun Mao

{"title":"Distributed information-theoretical secure protocols for quantum key distribution networks against malicious nodes","authors":"Yi Luo;Qiong Li;Hao-Kun Mao","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.530575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.530575","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) networks are expected to enable information-theoretical secure (ITS) communication over a large-scale network. Most research on relay-based QKD networks assumes all relays or nodes are completely trustworthy. However, this assumption is unreasonable because the malicious behavior of even a single node can undermine the security of the entire network. Currently, there is no method to directly distinguish between honest nodes and malicious nodes. Moreover, the status of nodes as honest or malicious can be dynamic. Therefore, a solution is needed that can withstand a certain proportion of malicious nodes in QKD networks. We propose a novel paradigm, inspired by distributed systems, to address the active and passive attacks by collaborating with malicious nodes in QKD networks. First, regarding security, we propose the ITS distributed authentication scheme, which additionally ensures two crucial security properties to QKD networks: identity unforgeability and non-repudiation. Second, concerning correctness, we propose an ITS fault-tolerant consensus scheme based on our ITS distributed authentication to ensure global consistency. This enables participating nodes to collaborate correctly and complete end-to-end key distribution within a constant number of communication rounds. Through our simulation, we have shown that our scheme exhibits a significantly lower growth trend in key consumption compared to the original end-to-end pre-shared keys scheme. For instance, in larger networks, such as when the number of nodes is 80, our scheme’s key consumption is only 13.1% of the pre-shared keys scheme.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142235829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction to the JOCN Special Issue on Intelligent Networks at the Edge 边缘智能网络》特刊简介

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.541552

Daniel Kilper;Lena Wosinska;Zuqing Zhu

引用次数: 0

Cluster-based unsupervised method for eavesdropping detection and localization in WDM systems 光网络中的窃听检测与定位[特邀]

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.531696

Haokun Song;Rui Lin;Lena Wosinska;Paolo Monti;Mingrui Zhang;Yuyuan Liang;Yajie Li;Jie Zhang

{"title":"Cluster-based unsupervised method for eavesdropping detection and localization in WDM systems","authors":"Haokun Song;Rui Lin;Lena Wosinska;Paolo Monti;Mingrui Zhang;Yuyuan Liang;Yajie Li;Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.531696","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.531696","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring the secure and reliable operation of optical networks is crucial for various societal functions. However, optical network infrastructures are susceptible to unauthorized interception, posing a significant security risk at the physical layer. This necessitates the development of effective detection and localization methods of eavesdropping events. To address this challenge, we present a clustering-based method and a comprehensive eavesdropping diagnosis framework tailored for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. The framework is designed to handle diverse eavesdropping scenarios, including dynamic detection, classification, and localization of eavesdropping events. To mitigate the data dependency issue while detecting and localizing eavesdropping events, we propose a clustering algorithm utilizing basic optical performance monitoring (OPM) data, thus eliminating the need for sophisticated measurement equipment. A coarse localization requires only the OPM data from the receiver, while a finer localization requires the power monitoring data at all nodes as the input. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is validated using simulation-generated data, in which single and multiple eavesdropping can be detected and localized with a 100% label matching rate. Single-point eavesdropping detection and localization are experimentally validated with data collected from a fiber transmission system comprising three spans of 40 km each. Coarse localization with a 99.79% label matching rate and fine localization with 100% accuracy is achieved. As expected, experimental data shows a less concentrated distribution than the simulated data, which leads to inferior clustering results.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0