Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Note of appreciation.","authors":"","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0235","DOIUrl":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12915626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent genital arousal symptoms in a young woman with recurring brief psychoses: a clinical dilemma in antipsychotic choice.","authors":"Éloïse Fortin-Latour, Emmanuel Stip","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0206","DOIUrl":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146068394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chatbots, delusions, and treatment failure.","authors":"L Palaniyappan, R Krishnadas","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0249","DOIUrl":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12915070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146221925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal course is an essential dimension in psychiatric classification.","authors":"Anouar Khayachi, Abigail Ortiz, Martin Alda","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2026-0070","DOIUrl":"10.1139/jpn-2026-0070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13420871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148609665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based computational validation of the Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment framework in relation to hazardous drinking.","authors":"Mahmoud Elsayed, Kyla L Belisario, James G Murphy, James MacKillop","doi":"10.1139/jpn-25-0116","DOIUrl":"10.1139/jpn-25-0116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Addiction is a multifaceted disorder driven by complex neurobiological and psychological mechanisms. The Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment (ANA) framework offers a dimensional mechanistic approach, focusing on three core domains: incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function. This study aimed to validate the ANA framework in relation to hazardous drinking using a machine learning approach, with the hypothesis that incentive salience and negative emotionality would be most strongly associated with drinking severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed two independent datasets: a cohort of 1260 nonclinical community-based adults ascertained in 2016-2018 and a cohort of 655 young adults reporting regular binge drinking ascertained in 2017-2018. The three ANA domains were operationalized using behavioural and self-report measures. Four machine learning models (elastic net, support vector machines, random forest, and gradient boosting machines) with nested five-fold cross-validation were used to assess relations between ANA domains and hazardous drinking as measured via the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), a validated screening instrument.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across both datasets, elastic net consistently outperformed other models. Incentive salience, largely reflecting alcohol's reinforcing value, was most robustly related to AUDIT score (<i>R</i>² = 0.389-0.419), followed by negative emotionality (<i>R</i>² = 0.293-0.317), largely reflecting drinking to cope. Executive function, reflecting impulsivity and inhibitory control, accounted for less variance (<i>R</i>² = 0.098-0.109). Optimizing elastic net models via meta-learner further improved performance, explaining more than half of the variance (<i>R</i>² = 0.539-0.549).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>These findings may not generalize to individuals who are older or have severe AUD. Cross-sectional data limits longitudinal causal inferences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide robust computational validation for the ANA framework, emphasizing incentive salience and negative emotionality as key domains linked to AUDIT score. Future research should explore diagnostic and longitudinal applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13234577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147655442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fronto-cingulate gamma synchrony predicts deep brain stimulation response in treatment-resistant depression: preliminary evidence.","authors":"Fatemeh Gholamali Nezhad, Ishaan Tailor, Sina Chegini, Ilya Demchenko, Alice Rueda, Sridhar Krishnan, Mohammad Amin Kamaleddin, Wendy Lou, Milad Lankarany, Robert Chen, Andres M Lozano, Venkat Bhat","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2026-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/jpn-2026-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gamma-band activity has been linked to cognitive-affective processing in depression. However, its role in deep brain stimulation (DBS) response in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains unclear. This exploratory study investigated whether ventral capsule/ventral striatum DBS (VCVS-DBS) modulates gamma activity during cognitive-affective processing and whether DBS-related gamma changes are associated with improvement in depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven participants with TRD completed an affective Multi-Source Interference Task during DBS ON and OFF. Source-localized electroencephalography estimated local gamma power, synchrony, and effective connectivity in fronto-cingulate regions. DBS- and task-related effects were identified with cluster-based permutation testing, and follow-up analyses used Bayesian modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During cognitive control under affective context, VCVS-DBS was associated with increased mid-gamma (41-55 Hz) power in left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (L-dACC) and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (R-VLPFC) after affective stimuli. In the time window where power increases overlapped (0.76-0.86 s), DBS was also associated with increased mid-gamma synchrony between these regions. The DBS-related increase in synchrony-not local power-was associated with clinical improvement (Bayesian Spearman ρ = 0.52). Granger causality further indicated that effective connectivity shifted toward greater L-dACC influence over R-VLPFC during DBS. Exploratory cross-validation suggested that DBS-related synchrony change and baseline effective connectivity together accounted for individual differences in clinical improvement.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The primary limitation was the necessarily small sample size, which was partially addressed using Bayesian analyses leveraging extensive within-participant data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These preliminary findings suggest that VCVS-DBS may engage a fronto-cingulate gamma network involved in cognitive-affective control in TRD. They further suggest that clinical response may depend on both baseline dACC-VLPFC network organization and DBS-related modulation of gamma synchrony, highlighting potential relevance to cognitive-affective regulation across psychiatric disorders. Given the small sample size, these findings should be considered hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in larger cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149117799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise as a complementary intervention for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a neurobiological analysis.","authors":"David S Im","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/jpn-2025-0167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Stimulant medication remains its first-line treatment, but perceived ineffectiveness, side effects, and lack of treatment access may pose challenges for adults with ADHD. Physical exercise has received increasing attention in the treatment of children with ADHD, but research in adults is scarce. This paper aims to explore possible mechanisms by which exercise could reduce inattentive, hyperactive, and impulsive symptoms in adults with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Respective narrative reviews were conducted on the neurobiology of exercise and of ADHD in adults using relevant search terms in PubMed. Findings were compared to formulate possible mechanisms by which exercise could improve ADHD symptoms in adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exercise could reduce ADHD symptoms in adults via enhancement of neuroplasticity and structural integrity in relevant brain regions, improved functional connectivity in cognitive networks, modulation of neurotransmitter release and function, improved hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function, reduced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, enhancement of reward and motivation circuitry, and beneficial epigenetic modifications.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>This narrative review relied on a single database and single-author screening with date and language restrictions, and its conclusions are limited by heterogeneous, largely observational evidence, indirect mechanistic data from non-ADHD populations, and few intervention studies in adults with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Future research should attempt to confirm the efficacy of exercise in reducing ADHD symptoms in adults as well as the proposed mechanisms for such a relationship. Verification of these issues would open the door to an evidence-based, inexpensive, widely available, and broadly beneficial complementary intervention for adults with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149247238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: CCNP Innovations in Neuropsychopharmacology Award: The psychopharmacology of psychedelics: where the brain meets spirituality.","authors":"Gabriella Gobbi","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2026-0009","DOIUrl":"10.1139/jpn-2026-0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13010815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147505107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lost in translation: why don't dopamine D2 antagonists cure addictions?","authors":"Marco Leyton, Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2026-0097","DOIUrl":"10.1139/jpn-2026-0097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in the acute effects of cannabis: the need for hypothesis-driven research.","authors":"Justin Matheson, Danial Behzad, Liisa A M Galea, Patricia Di Ciano","doi":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0164","DOIUrl":"10.1139/jpn-2025-0164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex and gender can impact cannabis use and related harms, yet the field has historically centered men and male bodies. In our recent systematic review of sex differences in the acute cognitive effects of cannabis, just six of 29 human studies found evidence that female and male participants differed in cognitive responses to cannabis. The goal of this Commentary is to discuss methodological limitations of published studies that complicate interpretation of data and to suggest priorities for future research to move this topic forward. We highlight inadequate statistical power, poor definition and measurement of sex, lack of consideration of sex- or gender-related characteristics, and no inclusion of transgender and gender-diverse individuals in prior studies. Future research should take an intersectional perspective, incorporate hypothesis-driven sex- and gender-informed designs, ensure adequate power for interaction analyses, and consider sex-related variables across the lifespan. This approach is necessary to advance scientific rigor and promote equitable health outcomes related to cannabis use.</p>","PeriodicalId":50073,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience","volume":"51 ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12833814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}