Journal of the American Academy of Audiology最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Auditory Training on Cognition in Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses.","authors":"Wenling Jiang, Qian Zhou, Jiahui Zhang, Qian He, Guoyu Cui, Rongkun Huang, Chen Liang, Zhiwu Huang","doi":"10.3766/jaaa.240049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.240049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of auditory training to improve cognitivefunction in patients with age-related hearing loss (ARHL).<br /><b>Research Design:</b> This is a systematic review and meta-analysis.<br /><b>Study Sample:</b> Seven studies involving 443 participants met the inclusion criteria. Participants were typicallyolder adults (mean age = 67.23 years, standard deviation = 7.14) with mild to severe hearing loss.<br /><b>Intervention:</b> Auditory training includes speech perception training, phoneme discrimination training,and so on.<br /><b>Data Collection and Analysis:</b> A literature search of academic databases (Cochrane Library,PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang, Weipu, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure)identified relevant articles published up to December 2023. This review includes only randomized controlledtrials. The primary outcome is cognition function, measured by Montreal Cognitive Assessment,Mini-Mental State Examination, and other cognition-related subtest indicators.<br /><b>Results:</b> The overall effect of auditory training on overall cognition and executive function in ARHL isstatistically significant (overall cognition: g = 0.79, 95 percent confidence interval [CI]: 0.57, 1.01;executive function: g = 3.84, 95 percent CI: 1.49, 6.19), but executive function domain has high heterogeneity(I2 = 100 percent). The effect of auditory training on attention/processing speed and workingmemory is small and not significant (attention/processing speed: g = 1.47, 95 percent CI: -0.48, 3.42;working memory: g = 0.68, 95 percent CI: -2.22, 3.58), but both attention/processing speed (I2 = 96percent) and working memory domain (I2 = 98 percent) have high heterogeneity.<br /><b>Conclusions:</b> The overall impact of auditory training on overall cognition and executive function seemsto be significant, but because of the low quality of the literature and certain biases, it is impossible to conclude that auditory training can improve the cognitive function of ARHL; therefore, more high-qualityevidence is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and Clinical Predictors of Hearing Loss Among Patients with CHARGE Syndrome.","authors":"Maggie Kettler, Brittany Simpson, Jareen Meinzen-Derr, Carrie Atzinger, Courtney Hannum, Daniel Choo, Lauren Buck, Lucy Marchesci","doi":"10.3766/jaaa.230055","DOIUrl":"10.3766/jaaa.230055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> CHARGE syndrome (CS) is a genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants within chromodomainhelicase DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7). The classical presentation includes coloboma,congenital heart defects, atresia of the choanae, retardation of development, genital hypoplasia, andear anomalies. Clinical presentation varies widely by type and severity. Structural anomalies of the earcause hearing loss in 93 percent of individuals with CS. Factors to predict the type and degree of hearingloss among individual patients with CS have not been identified. Identifying factors would ensure patientsreceive early intervention and allow health care providers to accurately counsel on expectations.<br /><b>Research Design:</b> To identify factors correlated with certain types and degrees of hearing loss, a retrospectivechart review of 57 pediatric individuals with CHD7 disease-causing variants from theCHARGE Center at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center was conducted. All data were manuallyextracted from participants' medical records, as well as the CHARGE Clinic REDcap database.Type and degree of hearing loss were compared to the type of CHD7 variant and craniofacialanomalies.<br /><b>Results:</b> Within our cohort, 97 percent of individuals experienced hearing loss (HL), with sensorineural(SNHL) being the most common type. Eighty-three percent experienced severe-to-profound HL in atleast one ear, a higher prevalence than previously reported. Temporal bone scan results were availablefor 34 participants with HL, and structural anomalies were seen in 79 percent of individuals. Typeof HL did correlate with CHD7 variant type (n = 100, p = 0.002). The most striking relationship is anincreased risk of SNHL with CHD7 haploinsufficiency due to nonsense or frameshift variants.<br /><b>Conclusions:</b> Regardless of the type or location of CHD7 variant, patients with CS are at risk for HLand should undergo temporal bone analysis as part of their initial workup. Such findings continue toexpand providers' understanding of CS and will improve the management of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrelations of Situational Vertigo, Smartphone Use, Sleep Duration, and Headache Among College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Murad Al-Momani","doi":"10.3766/jaaa.240075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.240075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to investigate the relationships between situational vertigo, smartphoneuse, sleep duration, and headaches among college students.<br /><b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design and survey methodology were used. A totalof approximately 55,000 students from three public and three private universities were considered for participation.A nonproportional stratified sampling method was used to target a sample size of 395 studentsper university. Data were collected using the Situational Vertigo Questionnaire (SVQ), which includesquestions about sociodemographic factors, smoking habits, electronics usage, working hours, housekeepingactivities, sleep duration, and headaches. The SVQ was translated to Arabic and validated. The statisticalanalysis included descriptive statistics, linear regression, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.<br /><b>Results:</b> This study included 1,600 participants with a mean age of 26.58 years. Significant correlationsbetween the SVQ score and older age, female sex, and smoking were found. The strongest correlationwas between the SVQ score and sleep duration (r = -0.84), indicating that a shorter sleepduration is associated with a higher incidence of situational vertigo. Smartphone use was positivelycorrelated with the SVQ score (r = 0.67) and negatively correlated with sleep duration (r = -0.74).Additionally, headaches were associated with higher SVQ scores (r = 0.24).<br /><b>Conclusion:</b> We identified significant associations between situational vertigo and smartphone use,sleep duration, and headaches among college students. Female sex, older age, and smoking werealso associated with higher susceptibility to vertigo. These findings suggest that excessive smartphoneuse may lead to sleep disturbances, which contribute to vertigo. Increased awareness of these relationshipscan inform the development of preventive measures and counseling strategies for studentson college campuses and aid health care providers in managing patients with vertigo.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the AzBio Sentence-in-Noise Test in English and Spanish in Bilingual Adults.","authors":"Eric R Rodriguez, Maureen J Shader","doi":"10.3766/jaaa.230120","DOIUrl":"10.3766/jaaa.230120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The AzBio Sentence-in-Noise Test was developed in 2011 and was successful in minimizingspeech-recognition ceiling effects, giving clinicians and researchers a more accurate representationof a listener's speech-in-noise recognition. Recently, the Spanish version of the AzBio corpus was developedas a sentence-recognition test that could similarly be used to reduce speech-recognition ceilingeffects in Spanish-speaking patients. The developers of the AzBio in Spanish included researchers andclinicians from the United States and Colombia.<b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this study was to determine whether the AzBio test batteries in English and Spanishare comparable in difficulty to proficient Spanish-English bilingual adults residing in the United States.<b>Research Design:</b> The study was designed as a standard group comparison.<b>Study Sample:</b> Participants included 20 Spanish-English bilinguals between the ages of 18 and 30 yearswith hearing thresholds no greater than 25 dB HL in both ears.<b>Data Collection and Analysis:</b> Participants listened to three lists of 20 sentences from the AzBioSentence-in-Noise Tests in English and in Spanish over two test sessions. Sentences were presentedat a +5 dB signal-to-noise ratio in 10-talker babble. Sentence-recognition scores were calculatedfrom total words repeated correctly out of total words presented for all three lists (60 sentencesin total) in each language condition. A language experience survey was used to quantify and explorelanguage experience in different dialects of Spanish.<b>Results:</b> Our results indicate that bilingual listeners scored similarly on the English and Spanish testcorpora on the group level. On an individual level, participants who spoke a Colombian Spanish dialectwere among the highest-performing listeners for the Spanish test corpus and among the lowest performinglisteners for the English corpus.<b>Conclusions:</b> The AzBio in Spanish is a highly valuable clinical tool for evaluating speech recognition inSpanish-speaking patients. Our results suggest that listeners who spoke a Colombian Spanish dialect,consistent with the location where the AzBio in Spanish test was developed, tend to perform better on theSpanish version of the test compared to the English version of the test. Thus, dialectical factors mayaffect sentence-recognition scores on the AzBio in Spanish corpus. Clinicians in the United States mustconsider dialect when administering this test corpus because the most common dialect in the United Statesis Mexican Spanish. Future research should evaluate the education level of listeners to determine the impactof language-specific vocabulary on sentence-recognition performance on both AzBio language corpora.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usability and Performance of Self-Fitting Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids.","authors":"Megan Knoetze, Vinaya Manchaiah, De Wet Swanepoel","doi":"10.3766/jaaa.240037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.240037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids can potentially improve access to hearing-health careand enable individuals with mild-to-moderate hearing loss to self-manage their condition. This study com-pared the usability and performance of a range of self-fitting over-the-counter (OTC-SF) hearing aids.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>This cross-sectional study evaluated six OTC-SF hearing aids.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>Forty-three adults with self-perceived mild-to-moderate hearing difficulties participatedin this study.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Participants were randomly assigned to two of six OTC-SF hearingaids and used the manufacturer-provided instructions and smartphone applications. These hearingaids included HP Hearing PRO, Jabra Enhance Plus, Lexie B2 Powered by Bose, Lexie Lumen,Soundwave Sontro, and Sony CRE-C10. Usability was assessed based on the fitting time, hearing aidskills and knowledge (HASK), self-reported ease of the SF process, and Post-Study System UsabilityQuestionnaire (PSSUQ) results. Performance was evaluated using the judgment of sound quality (JSQ)test and speech-in-noise benefit using the digits-in-noise and quick speech-in-noise tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fitting time ranged from 14.4 to 27.1 min, with Lexie Lumen requiring the longest time (27.1 min;standard deviation [SD], 5.9 min) and HP Hearing PRO requiring the shortest time (14.4 min; SD = 1.9 min).The HASK scores varied, with Soundwave Sontro achieving the highest score (8.9/10) and HP Hear-ing PRO achieving the lowest score (6.8/10). Self-reported ease of SF and PSSUQ scores did notdiffer significantly between the OTC-SF hearing aids. Overall sound quality and clarity ratings signifi-cantly differed, with Lexie B2 receiving the highest rating (8.1/10 and 7.5/10) and HP Hearing PROreceiving the lowest rating (6.3/10 and 5.1/10). Speech-in-noise benefit did not differ significantlybetween devices. A thematic analysis identified seven themes of the participants' SF experiencesand six themes of the researcher's field notes. Participants generally considered OTC-SF hearing aidsuser-friendly, although issues with Bluetooth connectivity, handling and insertion, and sound quality werenoted by the researcher as common challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Usability and performance of OTC-SF hearing aids were similar across devices in termsof useability and speech-in-noise benefits. However, the devices exhibited variations in fitting time,HASK, and sound quality, including the overall impression and clarity. These findings can support thedecisions of consumers and recommendations of health-care professionals. Further research of thelong-term usability and selection processes of OTC-SF hearing aids is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pendular Nystagmus Presenting in Usher Syndrome Type I: A Case Report.","authors":"Jamie M Bogle, David A Zapala","doi":"10.1055/a-2318-1389","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2318-1389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong> We describe a 42-year-old patient with reported \"shaking\" vision referred due to concerns of possible vestibular system dysfunction. The patient has known history of Usher syndrome type I, bilateral cochlear implants, and severe vision impairment.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong> This case describes an unusual nystagmus previously only reported in individuals with central demyelinating disorders, significant light deprivation, or in congenital/early-onset visual pathway impairment.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong> Case study.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong> Retrospective chart review of vestibular function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Vestibular function was likely absent in this case. There was no evidence of vestibular (jerk) nystagmus for sinusoidal harmonic acceleration stimuli or repeatable responses for cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials. Significant pendular low-amplitude high-frequency oscillations of approximately 6 Hz were present for horizontal and vertical tracings throughout testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Nystagmus may not always be associated with vestibular system impairment. In this case, the patient's reported \"shaking\" vision was attributed to pendular low-amplitude high-frequency nystagmus and hypothesized to relate to long-standing significant vision impairment. This presentation is unusual in adults and has historically been associated with individuals with significant central pathology or in those with long duration light deprivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"263-269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Standardization of Modified Simultaneous Multifrequency Stimulus for Recording Ocular Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potential and Its Interaction with the Alternate Electrode Montages.","authors":"Rajesh Kumar Raveendran, Niraj Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1055/a-2353-2797","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2353-2797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong> Simultaneous multifrequency (SiMFy) is a time-saving and reliable stimulus to determine the frequency tuning of ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP); however, the absence of 4000 Hz in SiMFy potentially makes it a less potent tool for the diagnosis of superior semicircular canal dehiscence, a pathology with an ever-increasing prevalence. Further, SiMFy was validated using only the infraorbital (IO) electrode montage. However, the recordings obtained using the IO montage might be susceptible to reference contamination introduced by a small separation between the recording electrodes and also susceptible to reflex impurity due to the spatially displaced reference electrode from the inferior oblique muscle, rendering it vulnerable to picking up responses from other muscles. Nonetheless, little is known about the similarities/differences between the SiMFy-induced oVEMPs using alternate montages (belly-tendon [BT], chin-reference [CR], and sternum-reference [SR]) and the nonsimultaneous multifrequency oVEMPs (NSM-oVEMPs) using the IO montage.</p><p><strong>Purpose of the study: </strong> To develop a modified SiMFy stimulus and investigate its effects on frequency tuning of oVEMP using various electrode montages.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong> Within-subject experimental design.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong> Thirty-three healthy adults aged 20 to 30 years.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong> Tone bursts of octave and mid-octave frequencies from 250 to 4000 Hz were generated and concatenated to create the modified SiMFy stimulus. All participants underwent NSM oVEMPs and modified SiMFy oVEMPs using BT, CR, SR, and IO montages simultaneously. The response rate, peak-to-peak amplitude, and frequency tuning were compared between NSM-oVEMP and modified SiMFy oVEMP and also between the electrode montages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> BT montage recorded the largest amplitude among the montages in NSM stimulation and modified SiMFy stimulation. Although the response rates were comparable, the modified SiMFy produced significantly lower oVEMP amplitudes than the NSM stimulation within each electrode montage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A moderate-to-strong agreement on frequency tuning existed between the NSM stimuli and modified SiMFy stimulus for all the montages, except for the SR montage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong> Although the modified SiMFy produces smaller amplitude oVEMPs than the NSM stimulation for the respective montages, its use in combination with the BT montage yields higher response rates and larger peak-to-peak amplitudes than the NSM recording using IO montage.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"241-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Clinical Reliability and Reference Values of the International Outcome Inventory for Cochlear Implants in the Department of Defense Population.","authors":"Alyssa Davidson, Amy Boudin-George, Elicia Pillion, Nicole Larionova","doi":"10.1055/a-2368-9008","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2368-9008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong> Hearing loss significantly affects an individual's well-being, communication, social interaction, and quality of life. Cochlear implants serve as a viable management option. Given the variability in the impact of impairment, self-report measures are crucial for evaluating the perceived benefits of management options.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong> The study aims to assess the reliability of the International Outcome Inventory for Cochlear Implants (IOI-CI) and establish evaluative cutoffs. This questionnaire evaluates patient's satisfaction with cochlear implants and contributes to the understanding of their experiences, addressing the increasing interest among cochlear implant clinicians.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong> The design relies on electronic medical databases within the Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense systems. After identification of eligibility, recruitment was based on participants responding to mailed study documents. This research adopts a descriptive approach of the analysis of questionnaire responses as well as quantitatively evaluating the reliability.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong> Forty-nine service members, Veterans, and their dependents, including 32 men and 17 women, participated in the study. The participants had a mean age of 68.0 years, with cochlear implants ranging from 6 months to 2 years postinitial stimulation. The majority had a unilateral cochlear implant with a hearing aid on the contralateral ear.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong> Data collected involved mailing baseline study packets, including the IOI-CI questionnaire, to potential participants identified through medical databases. Participants indicated consent by returning the study packet. Follow-up packets were sent at a later time. Intraclass correlation coefficients were utilized for test-retest reliability and generalized linear models (GLM) for exploring the impact of clinical and demographic factors. Data were analyzed using R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The ICC revealed a good level of agreement (ICC = 0.84) between baseline and follow-up assessments for the IOI-CI total score. The GLM did not identify significant factors influencing IOI-CI scores. Evaluative values were established, indicating total scores between 18 and 35 as within the range of general satisfaction with a cochlear implant for this questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The study contributes valuable insights into the reliability of the IOI-CI and establishes evaluative cutoffs, aiding clinicians in assessing cochlear implant users' experiences and satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JAAA CEU Program.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1801839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1801839","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":"35 9-10","pages":"270-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality and Readability of Hearing Aid-Related Websites in English and Spanish.","authors":"Abbigayle Willgruber, Brian Kinealy, David Adkins, Marissa Schuh, Jennifer B Shinn, Trey A Cline, Ryleigh Board, Zain Hassan, Matthew Bush","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791215","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> To determine the readability and quality of both English and Spanish Web sites for the topic of hearing aids.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> Cross-sectional Web site analysis.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong> Various online search engines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> The term \"hearing aid\" was queried across four popular search engines. The first resulted 75 English Web sites and first resulted 75 Spanish Web sites were extracted for data collection. Web sites that met the inclusion criteria were stratified by the presence of a Health on the Net Code (HONCode) certificate. Articles were then compiled to be independently reviewed by experts on hearing aids, using the DISCERN criteria, which allowed assessment of the quality of the Web sites. Readability was assessed by calculating the Flesch Reading Ease Score in English and the Fernandez Huerta Formula in Spanish. Readability and quality were both analyzed, comparing scores to their respective language and cross-comparing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> There were 37 English Web sites and 30 Spanish Web sites that met inclusion criteria. When analyzing readability, English Web sites were determined to be significantly more difficult to read (average = 55.37, standard deviation [SD] = 7.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 52.9-57.9) than the Spanish Web site counterparts (average = 58.64, SD = 5.26, 95% CI = 56.8-60.5, <i>p</i> = 0.035). For quality, Spanish Web sites (average = 38, SD = 9.7, 95% CI = 34.5-41.5) were determined to be of significantly higher quality than English Web sites (average = 32.16, SD = 10.60, 95% CI = 29.7-34.6). Additionally, there was a significant difference between the non-HONCode English Web sites versus the non-HONCode Spanish Web sites (<i>p</i> = 0.0081), signifying that Spanish non-HONCode certified Web sites were less reliable than non-HONCode certified English Web sites.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong> The present study highlights the importance and necessity of providing quality, readable materials to patients seeking information regarding hearing aids. This study shows that both English and Spanish Web sites are written at a level that is much higher than the American Medical Association (AMA)-recommended sixth-grade reading level, and no Web site included in this study fell at or below the AMA-recommended sixth-grade reading level. English and Spanish Web sites also lacked consistency and quality, as evidenced by their wide variability in DISCERN scores. Specifically, Hispanic patients are more likely to suffer long-term consequences of their health care due to low levels of health literacy. It is important to bridge this gap by providing adequate reading materials. It is especially important to provide evidence-based claims that are directly supported by experts in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":50021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"226-233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}