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Crossover Networks: A Review 跨界网络:综述
4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0100
Stefania Cecchi, Valeria Bruschi, Stefano Nobili, Alessandro Terenzi, Vesa Välimäki
{"title":"Crossover Networks: A Review","authors":"Stefania Cecchi, Valeria Bruschi, Stefano Nobili, Alessandro Terenzi, Vesa Välimäki","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0100","url":null,"abstract":"Crossover networks for multi-way loudspeaker systems and audio processing are reviewed, includingbothanaloganddigitaldesigns.Ahigh-qualitycrossovernetworkmustmaintainaflat overallmagnituderesponse,withinsmalltolerances,andasufficientlylinearphaseresponse.Simultaneously,thecrossoverfiltersforeachbandmustprovideasteeptransitiontoproperly separatethebands,alsoaccountingforthefrequencyrangesofthedrivers.Furthermore,crossoverfiltersaffectthepolarresponseoftheloudspeaker,whichshouldvarysmoothlyand symmetricallyinthelisteningwindow.Thecrossoverfiltersshouldadditionallybeeconomicaltoimplementandnotcausemuchlatency.Perceptualaspectsandtheinclusionofequalization inthecrossovernetworkarediscussed.Variousapplicationsofcrossoverfiltersinaudioengineeringareexplained,suchasinmultibandcompressorsandineffectsprocessing.Several methodsarecomparedintermsofthebasicrequirementsandcomputationalcost.Theresultsleadtotherecommendationofanall-pass-filter–basedLinkwitz-Rileycrossovernetwork, whenacomputationallyefficientminimum-phasesolutionisdesired.Whenalinear-phasecrossovernetworkisselected,thethroughputdelaybecomeslargerthanwithminimum-phase filters.Digitallinear-phasecrossoverfiltershavingafiniteimpulseresponsemaybedesignedbyoptimizationandimplementedefficientlyusingacomplementarystructure.","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135886024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthetic Transaural Audio Rendering (STAR): Extension to Full 3D Spatialization 合成跨听觉音频渲染(STAR):扩展到全3D空间化
4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0098
Sylvain Marchand, Eric Meaux
{"title":"Synthetic Transaural Audio Rendering (STAR): Extension to Full 3D Spatialization","authors":"Sylvain Marchand, Eric Meaux","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135886027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficient Diffraction Modeling Using Neural Networks and Infinite Impulse Response Filters 利用神经网络和无限脉冲响应滤波器的高效衍射建模
4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0107
Joshua Mannall, Lauri Savioja, Paul Calamia, Russell Mason, Enzo De Sena
{"title":"Efficient Diffraction Modeling Using Neural Networks and Infinite Impulse Response Filters","authors":"Joshua Mannall, Lauri Savioja, Paul Calamia, Russell Mason, Enzo De Sena","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135886026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Comparative Study of Multichannel Microphone Arrays Used in Classical Music Recording 多声道传声器阵列在古典音乐录音中的比较研究
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0091
François Salmon, Frédéric Changenet, Tom Colas, C. Verron, M. Paquier
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Multichannel Microphone Arrays Used in Classical Music Recording","authors":"François Salmon, Frédéric Changenet, Tom Colas, C. Verron, M. Paquier","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0091","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49142966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Audio-Driven Talking Face Generation: A Review 音频驱动的说话面孔生成:综述
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0081
Shiguang Liu
{"title":"Audio-Driven Talking Face Generation: A Review","authors":"Shiguang Liu","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0081","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41963721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A High-Resolution Boundary Element Method Suitable Full Torso Mesh of KEMAR 一种适合KEMAR全躯干网格的高分辨率边界元方法
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0085
Kat Young, G. Kearney
{"title":"A High-Resolution Boundary Element Method Suitable Full Torso Mesh of KEMAR","authors":"Kat Young, G. Kearney","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43558198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification of Discriminative Acoustic Dimensions in Stereo, Surround and 3D Music Reproduction 在立体声、环绕声和三维音乐再现中鉴别声学维度的识别
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0071
Jakob Bergner, Daphne Schössow, Stephan Preihs, J. Peissig
{"title":"Identification of Discriminative Acoustic Dimensions in Stereo, Surround and 3D Music Reproduction","authors":"Jakob Bergner, Daphne Schössow, Stephan Preihs, J. Peissig","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0071","url":null,"abstract":"This work is motivated by the question of whether different loudspeaker-based multichan- nel playback methods can be robustly characterized by measurable acoustic properties. For that, underlying acoustic dimensions were identified that allow for a discriminative sound field analysis within a music reproduction scenario. The subject of investigation is a set of different musical pieces available in different multichannel playback formats. Re-recordings of the stimuli at a listening position using a spherical microphone array enable a sound field analysis that includes, in total, 237 signal-based indicators in the categories of loudness, qual- ity, spaciousness, and time. The indicators are fed to a factor and time series analysis to identify the most relevant acoustic dimensions that reflect and explain significant parts of the variance within the acoustical data. The results show that of the eight relevant dimensions, the dimensions “High-Frequency Diffusivity,” “Elevational Diffusivity,” and “Mid-Frequency Diffusivity” are capable of identifying statistically significant differences between the loudspeaker setups. The presented approach leads to plausible results that are in accordance with the expected differences between the loudspeaker configurations used. The findings may be used for a better understanding of the effects of different loudspeaker configurations on human perception and emotional response when listening to music.","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67642486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Recent Advances in an Open Software for Numerical HRTF Calculation 开放式HRTF数值计算软件的最新进展
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0078
F. Brinkmann, W. Kreuzer, J. Thomsen, Sergejs Dombrovskis, K. Pollack, S. Weinzierl, P. Majdak
{"title":"Recent Advances in an Open Software for Numerical HRTF Calculation","authors":"F. Brinkmann, W. Kreuzer, J. Thomsen, Sergejs Dombrovskis, K. Pollack, S. Weinzierl, P. Majdak","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0078","url":null,"abstract":"Mesh2HRTF 1.x is an open-source and fully scriptable end-to-end pipeline for the numerical calculation of head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). The calculations are based on 3D meshes of listener’s body parts such as the head, pinna, and torso. The numerical core of Mesh2HRTF is written in C++ and employs the boundary-element method for solving the Helmholtz equation. It is accelerated by a multilevel fast multipole method and can easily be parallelized to further speed up the computations. The recently refactored framework of Mesh2HRTF 1.x contains tools for preparing the meshes as well as specific post-processing and inspection of the calculated HRTFs. The resulting HRTFs are saved in the spatially oriented format for acoustics being directly applicable in virtual and augmented reality applications and psychoacoustic research. The Mesh2HRTF 1.x code is automatically tested to assure high quality and reliability. A comprehensive online documentation enables easy access for users without in-depth knowledge of acoustic simulations.","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42230053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Bivariate Mixture Space: A Compact Spectral Representation of Bivariate Signals 二元混合空间:二元信号的紧凑谱表示
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0090
G. Presti
{"title":"The Bivariate Mixture Space: A Compact Spectral Representation of Bivariate Signals","authors":"G. Presti","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47417680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of Temporal and Directional Density on Listener Envelopment 时间密度和方向密度对听众包络的影响
IF 1.4 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.17743/jaes.2022.0088
Stefan Riedel, M. Frank, F. Zotter
{"title":"The Effect of Temporal and Directional Density on Listener Envelopment","authors":"Stefan Riedel, M. Frank, F. Zotter","doi":"10.17743/jaes.2022.0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2022.0088","url":null,"abstract":"Listenerenvelopmentreferstothesensationofbeingsurroundedbysound,eitherbymultiple direct sound events or by a diffuse reverberant sound field. More recently, a specific attribute for the sensation of being covered by sound from elevated directions has been proposed by Sazdov et al. and was termed listener engulfment. The first experiment presented here investigates how the temporal and directional density of sound events affects listener envelopment. The second experiment studies how elevated loudspeaker layers affect envelopment versus engulfment. A spatial granular synthesis technique is used to precisely control the temporal and directional density of sound events. Experimental results indicate that a directionally uniform distribution of sound events at time intervals (cid:2) t < 20 ms is required to elicit a sensation of diffuse envelopment, whereas longer time intervals lead to localized auditory events. It shows that elevated loudspeaker layers do not increase envelopment but contribute specifically to listener engulfment. Low-pass-filtered stimuli enhance envelopment in directionally sparse conditions, but impede control over engulfment due to a reduction of height localization cues. The results can be exploited in the technical design and creative application of spatial sound synthesis and reverberation algorithms.","PeriodicalId":50008,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Audio Engineering Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41563209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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