Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Cold agglutinin syndrome secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae","authors":"B. Kazi, Abhishek Maurya, Anupam Chakrapani, Imaan Rumani","doi":"10.25259/jhas_42_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_42_2023","url":null,"abstract":"A 47-year-old female presented with dyspnea, dry cough, and fatigue for ten days. On examination, she had severe pallor and bilateral crepts in the lungs. Complete blood count (CBC) showed a hemoglobin of 7.3 g/dL, reticulocyte count of 5.6%, and chest X-ray was normal. Her extended Direct Coombs test (DCT) showed C3d +3 and cold agglutinin titer of 1:256 at 4°C. A comprehensive respiratory panel showed positivity for Mycoplasma pneumonia. Thus, a diagnosis of cold agglutinin syndrome secondary to M. pneumonia was made, and she was started on injection doxycycline 100 mg IV twice a day, following which her symptoms and anemia improved without transfusion support.","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"44 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unusual cause of breath-holding spell in a leukemic infant: Cytarabine","authors":"Serap Kirkiz Kayalı, Büşra Topuz Türkcan, Zühre Kaya","doi":"10.25259/jhas_52_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_52_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"22 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140711372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usage of blood components in obstetric practice","authors":"Kanjaksha Ghosh, P. Mandal","doi":"10.25259/jhas_51_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_51_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Transfusion of blood and its components form an important component in obstetric care. Almost 5% of pregnant mothers require some sort of red cell and/or component transfusion as part of their obstetric management. Although red cell usage in large parts of developed countries are coming down, its usage in obstetric care is increasing. About 27% of maternal deaths in the world are due to hemorrhage. There are many causes where transfusion with different blood components is required in obstetric practice; to name a few are – accidental hemorrhage, placenta previa, hemoglobinopathies, pre-eclamptic toxemia, postpartum hemorrhage, amniotic fluid embolism, disseminated intravascular coagulation, malaria, etc. Certain complications and challenges of transfusion such as transfusion related acute lung injury, microangiopathy, Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, isoimmunization, and transfusion-associated cardiac overload occur with increased frequency in pregnant mothers. Transfusion requirement around peripartum period is uncertain and sometimes could be massive. Hence, both obstetrician and transfusion experts should remain prepared for this eventuality. Transfusion of blood products even though has never been safer than it is today; yet, this procedure carries with it many immunological, infectious, and other complications, hence, should be used judiciously and very cautiously. Several procedures such as apheresis and intraoperative cell salvage are being increasingly used nowadays for various facets of management and obstetric care. Present review condenses on the knowledge of usage of blood and blood products in obstetric care.","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"30 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139795247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiplatelet resistance among a cohort of patients at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in Jos, Nigeria","authors":"Basil N. Okeahialam, Emmanuel Akor, G. Shut, Ogo Ifeacho, Bangalu Dauda, Anil Sirisena, G. Amusa","doi":"10.25259/jhas_13_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_13_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) are predisposed to atherothrombosis and ischemic phenomena. Antiplatelets mitigate this but not consistently, as these ischemic events still occur despite their administration. This is called antiplatelet resistance. We sought to see how much of this occurs in our patients since its rate is bound to differ from place to place. The burden of antiplatelet resistance has not been determined in our environment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Patients at risk of ASCVD who were receiving antiplatelet treatments were invited to participate in this study. They were enrolled first into a two week wash out phase, after which baseline aggregometry and full blood count were done. They were then given either Aspirin or Clopidogrel for four weeks and had the same blood work-up repeated. The Aggregometer was used to determine the platelet aggregability at these different times. If the second set showed >10% reduction from baseline, such patients were adjudged sensitive. A reduction <10% of the first value defined resistance.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Twenty patients (15 F/5 M) were in Group 1 and received a low dose of Aspirin (75 mg), the age range of 42–76 years, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 60.75 (10.45). Twenty-six were in Group 2 (18 F/8 M) and received low dose clopidogrel (75 mg), with an age range of 23–87 years and a mean (SD) of 58.08 (14.18). Fifteen (75%) were sensitive in Group 1 (Aspirin) with 25% resistant. For Clopidogrel, 14 (53.85%) were sensitive and 12 (46.15%) resistant. In a few cases, the aggregability actually increased paradoxically on treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Antiplatelet resistance also occurs in our environment; it is worse for Clopidogrel than for Aspirin. These are people who, despite being on antiplatelets, would go on to develop these atherothrombotic ischemic phenomena. Efforts to identify the predictors of this phenomenon of resistance and work out effective counteractions should be encouraged.\u0000","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological profile of multiple myeloma at a tertiary care hospital in a resource-poor setting: A retrospective study","authors":"Prapannajeet Biswal, Raghvendra Deo Pandey, Gurmeet Singh","doi":"10.25259/jhas_48_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_48_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The objective of this study was to study the clinicopathological profile of multiple myeloma (MM) presenting to Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital and Research Center (JLNH&RC) Bhilai and document the disease in central India.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This was a retrospective observational study using patient data from January 2013 to December 2019. The clinical and radiological findings, laboratory parameters, and bone marrow examination were analyzed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000About 35.38% of patients presented in the 6th decade of life with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3:1. About 91.93% of patients had low backache and bone pain, and 96.92% of patients had Anemia. About 63.01% of patients had serum creatinine >2 mg/dL, and 92.30% of patients had A/G ratio reversal. About 64.70% of patients had serum beta-2 microglobulin (≥3.5 μg/mL). About 80.7% had osteolytic lesions, predominantly in the skull and pelvis. About 46.15% of patients had >50% plasma cells on bone marrow aspirate. About 85.71% exhibited hypercellularity, and 8.92% of patients had grade 2 marrow fibrosis. About 76.92% of patients presented with Durie Salmon stage III disease, and 58.82% presented with international staging system (ISS) stage II disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000MM has an inconsistent clinical presentation with multiple system involvement. It should be considered as a differential in patients above 50 years of age presenting with normocytic normochromic Anemia and bony pain. Bone marrow study is important in resource-poor settings where specialized laboratory testing is limited. The Durie and Salmon staging and the ISS can be used for the prognosis with equal efficacy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139796637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine 2023: Development of mRNA therapeutics that paved the path of formulation of COVID-19 vaccine","authors":"N. C. Mandal","doi":"10.25259/jhas_4_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_4_2024","url":null,"abstract":"Since the concept of the vaccine was developed by Edward Jenner in 1796, vaccinology has traveled a long way with gradual improvement toward developing better methods of formulation of vaccines. In this premises in the 1990s, Karikó and Weissman joined their hands and minds aiming at understanding how different RNA species interact with the immune system. During their long journey in this direction, they performed extensive studies involving well-conceived molecular biology-based experiments that resulted in a breakthrough discovery relating to RNA therapeutics in general and messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics in particular. In this endeavor, they developed mRNA technology that actually paved the path leading to the development of mRNA vaccine that has many advantages. In December 2019, when the deadly virus SARS-CoV-2 emerged, which, in no time, caused a pandemic as well as an epidemic, thereby throwing a fierce challenge to the total healthcare systems worldwide, it was possible to take care of that challenge through the formulation and manufacturing on a large scale the mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 using the above technology. Thus, mRNA technology has created a strong platform that has spelled out a great promise toward controlling any pathogen infection and saving human life through the development of mRNA vaccine at a quick pace. In this short review, an attempt will be made to highlight the contributions of Karikó and Weissman and how they led the formulation of a vaccine against COVID-19, which fetched them the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology, 2023.","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"41 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139855696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined factor VIII and IX deficiency: An exceptional case","authors":"Iffat Jamal, Ahmed Kamran Jeelani","doi":"10.25259/jhas_35_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_35_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Familial multiple coagulation factor deficiencies are a group of rare inherited disorders that are characterized by the simultaneous decrease in the levels of two or more coagulation factors. Common synchronous deficiencies are factors VIII and IX and combined deficiency of Vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors (factors II, VII, IX, and X). Here, we report a case of synchronous dual deficiency of factor VIII and IX, which is an extremely rare occurrence and no case report has been mentioned so far to the best of our knowledge. Recognizing such a dual deficiency is very important for proper management of patients.","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139855733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine 2023: Development of mRNA therapeutics that paved the path of formulation of COVID-19 vaccine","authors":"N. C. Mandal","doi":"10.25259/jhas_4_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_4_2024","url":null,"abstract":"Since the concept of the vaccine was developed by Edward Jenner in 1796, vaccinology has traveled a long way with gradual improvement toward developing better methods of formulation of vaccines. In this premises in the 1990s, Karikó and Weissman joined their hands and minds aiming at understanding how different RNA species interact with the immune system. During their long journey in this direction, they performed extensive studies involving well-conceived molecular biology-based experiments that resulted in a breakthrough discovery relating to RNA therapeutics in general and messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics in particular. In this endeavor, they developed mRNA technology that actually paved the path leading to the development of mRNA vaccine that has many advantages. In December 2019, when the deadly virus SARS-CoV-2 emerged, which, in no time, caused a pandemic as well as an epidemic, thereby throwing a fierce challenge to the total healthcare systems worldwide, it was possible to take care of that challenge through the formulation and manufacturing on a large scale the mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 using the above technology. Thus, mRNA technology has created a strong platform that has spelled out a great promise toward controlling any pathogen infection and saving human life through the development of mRNA vaccine at a quick pace. In this short review, an attempt will be made to highlight the contributions of Karikó and Weissman and how they led the formulation of a vaccine against COVID-19, which fetched them the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology, 2023.","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"23 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139796056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiplatelet resistance among a cohort of patients at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in Jos, Nigeria","authors":"Basil N. Okeahialam, Emmanuel Akor, G. Shut, Ogo Ifeacho, Bangalu Dauda, Anil Sirisena, G. Amusa","doi":"10.25259/jhas_13_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_13_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) are predisposed to atherothrombosis and ischemic phenomena. Antiplatelets mitigate this but not consistently, as these ischemic events still occur despite their administration. This is called antiplatelet resistance. We sought to see how much of this occurs in our patients since its rate is bound to differ from place to place. The burden of antiplatelet resistance has not been determined in our environment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Patients at risk of ASCVD who were receiving antiplatelet treatments were invited to participate in this study. They were enrolled first into a two week wash out phase, after which baseline aggregometry and full blood count were done. They were then given either Aspirin or Clopidogrel for four weeks and had the same blood work-up repeated. The Aggregometer was used to determine the platelet aggregability at these different times. If the second set showed >10% reduction from baseline, such patients were adjudged sensitive. A reduction <10% of the first value defined resistance.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Twenty patients (15 F/5 M) were in Group 1 and received a low dose of Aspirin (75 mg), the age range of 42–76 years, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 60.75 (10.45). Twenty-six were in Group 2 (18 F/8 M) and received low dose clopidogrel (75 mg), with an age range of 23–87 years and a mean (SD) of 58.08 (14.18). Fifteen (75%) were sensitive in Group 1 (Aspirin) with 25% resistant. For Clopidogrel, 14 (53.85%) were sensitive and 12 (46.15%) resistant. In a few cases, the aggregability actually increased paradoxically on treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Antiplatelet resistance also occurs in our environment; it is worse for Clopidogrel than for Aspirin. These are people who, despite being on antiplatelets, would go on to develop these atherothrombotic ischemic phenomena. Efforts to identify the predictors of this phenomenon of resistance and work out effective counteractions should be encouraged.\u0000","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"18 3‐4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139796515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usage of blood components in obstetric practice","authors":"Kanjaksha Ghosh, P. Mandal","doi":"10.25259/jhas_51_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jhas_51_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Transfusion of blood and its components form an important component in obstetric care. Almost 5% of pregnant mothers require some sort of red cell and/or component transfusion as part of their obstetric management. Although red cell usage in large parts of developed countries are coming down, its usage in obstetric care is increasing. About 27% of maternal deaths in the world are due to hemorrhage. There are many causes where transfusion with different blood components is required in obstetric practice; to name a few are – accidental hemorrhage, placenta previa, hemoglobinopathies, pre-eclamptic toxemia, postpartum hemorrhage, amniotic fluid embolism, disseminated intravascular coagulation, malaria, etc. Certain complications and challenges of transfusion such as transfusion related acute lung injury, microangiopathy, Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, isoimmunization, and transfusion-associated cardiac overload occur with increased frequency in pregnant mothers. Transfusion requirement around peripartum period is uncertain and sometimes could be massive. Hence, both obstetrician and transfusion experts should remain prepared for this eventuality. Transfusion of blood products even though has never been safer than it is today; yet, this procedure carries with it many immunological, infectious, and other complications, hence, should be used judiciously and very cautiously. Several procedures such as apheresis and intraoperative cell salvage are being increasingly used nowadays for various facets of management and obstetric care. Present review condenses on the knowledge of usage of blood and blood products in obstetric care.","PeriodicalId":499735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematology and Allied Sciences","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139854988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}