Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology最新文献

{"title":"Spatial distribution and the ecological risks posed by heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in the sediments of mangrove and coral habitats of Northeast Persian Gulf","authors":"Mohammad Seddiq Mortazavi,&nbsp;Sana Sharifian,&nbsp;Seyedeh Laili Mohebbi Nozar,&nbsp;Hadi Koohkan","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) are important pollutants in the aquatic ecosystem, and their long-term resistance, bio-accumulation, and bio-magnification during the food chain may cause adverse ecological and health risks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In here, the distribution and risk assessment of six heavy metals Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, and TPHs were performed in the sediments of 32 regions situated in two mangroves (Tiab and Azini estuaries, Hara Mangrove forest protected area) and coral habitats (Larak and Hengam Islands) in Northeast of the Persian Gulf during 2020–2021. An atomic absorption device was used to determine the concentrations of heavy metals. Ecological risk of heavy metals is assessed through indices contamination factor (CF), contamination degree (CD), modified contamination degree (MCD), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (PERI), and geoaccumulation index (Igeo). The spatial distribution of heavy metals was mapped through the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method in ArcMap.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The concentration of heavy metals indicated significant differences in spatial distribution. The maximum concentration of Cd 1.64 ± 0.001, Cr 18.41 ± 0.41 and Cu 40.5 ± 0.28 µg/g was observed at the regions situated in the Hara Mangrove forest protected area. Azini estuary had the maximum value of Zn 94.61 ± 30.74 and TPHs 4.47 ± 1.93 µg/g and finally, the highest value of concentration Ni 135.22 ± 1.85 µg/g and Pb 17.87 ± 2.17 g/gµ was found in Tiab estuary. The studied regions in the Tiab estuary and Hara Mangrove forest protected area were more contaminated than others and had considerable risks of Ni and Cd. Average ecological indices indicated the sediments of these areas especially Tiab, Hara Mangrove forest protected area, and Azini are moderately to considerably contaminated with Cd and Ni. Tiab was identified as the most contaminated area and all stations except Hengam Island were exposed to considerable ecological risks. Cadmium was found to be the riskiest heavy metal in the investigated region. The distribution of TPHs indicated there is no pollution of TPHs in the region. In all studied stations, the PELq (Toxicity of TPHs) and CF values showed the absence of potential risks of TPHs in sediments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings indicated considerable contamination of Cd and Ni in the mangrove areas, especially Tiab, and it seems necessary to identify, manage, and control possible sources of contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 127574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between serum selenium and serum lipids in adolescents aged 12–19: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Huan He ,&nbsp;Li Yang ,&nbsp;Bailing Liu ,&nbsp;Zhan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Selenium is an essential trace element in the human body and is important in lipid metabolism. Previous studies on the relationship between selenium and serum lipids were almost conducted in adults, and the research conclusions were inconsistent. Evidence linking selenium and lipids in adolescents is very limited. As an important stage of growth and development, studying the effects of trace elements on the body during adolescence is meaningful.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the association between serum selenium and serum lipids in adolescents aged 12–19.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study analyzed 2209 adolescents aged 12–19 years from NHANES 2011 to 2016. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate selenium’s association with serum lipids (containing TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C). Moreover, a generalized additive model (GAM) and a fitted smoothing curve (penalized spline method) were conducted to explore the exact curve shape between them.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the fully adjusted model, it showed a positive association between selenium and TC, TG, LDL-C [TC (β = 0.144 (, 95 % CI (0.084, 0.204), P &lt; 0.001), TG (β = 0.285, 95 % CI (0.134, 0.437), P &lt; 0.001), LDL-C (β = 0.098, 95 % CI (0.022, 0.174), P = 0.011)], whereas a negative association [(β = -0.031, 95 % CI (-0.054, − 0.009), P = 0.006)] between Se and HDL-C. Subgroup analysis showed that the above associations were more significant in females aged 12–19 (P for trend &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, linear associations were performed in Se between TC and LDL-C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is the first study to find evidence demonstrating associations between serum Se and serum lipids in adolescents aged 12–19. The validation of our findings will require further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 127572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organ-specific renal tissue damage manifested by single-walled carbon-nanotubes and single-walled carbon-nanotubes-silver-titania nanocomposite: Cellular toxicity at high doses","authors":"Khalid Ali Obaid ,&nbsp;Ameer A. Imarah ,&nbsp;Hydar M. Khalfa ,&nbsp;Ghassan M. Sulaiman ,&nbsp;Majid S. Jabir ,&nbsp;Mustafa K.A. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Duha S. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Hayder M. Al-Kuraishy ,&nbsp;Uday M. Nayef ,&nbsp;Hamdoon A. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Riaz A. Khan ,&nbsp;Sabrean F. Jawad","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can pose risks in biological systems leading to harmful effects, such as, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ultimately, the cell death through apoptosis.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The study assessed the nephrotoxicity of the SWCNTs and SWCNTs-Ag-TiO₂ nanocomposites through in vitro and in vivo experiments, assessing oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and safety for biomedical applications.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>In vitro, HK-2 cell lines were utilized to evaluate the effects of nanomaterials on cellular activity, apoptosis, ROS generation, and micronuclei formations. In the in vivo study, twenty male mice were divided into five groups: the first received a control injection of phosphate-buffer saline (PBS), while the second, and third groups received daily intraperitoneal injections of SWCNTs at doses of 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for ten days. The fourth and fifth groups received the SWCNTs-Ag-TiO₂ at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for ten days in sequence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SWCNTs and SWCNTs-Ag-TiO₂ significantly promoted the micronuclei formations in HK-2 cells, with rates of 48 % and 79 %, respectively, as compared to the 12.67 % of the control group. The analysis of renal tissues revealed increased levels of ROS, DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), creatinine, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, while the GSH levels decreased. These findings indicated renal tissue injury, and oxidative damages.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study demonstrated the cellular toxicity of these nanomaterials, highlighting the need for caution regarding their widespread use, particularly the use of carbon nanotubes and their metallic composites at higher exposure doses in occupational, environmental, or therapeutic contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 127569"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142719627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal contaminants in rice imported to Iran: A comprehensive assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks","authors":"Samira Eslamizad ,&nbsp;Maryam Alehashem","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rice is a staple food in Iran, where significant imports from India and Pakistan are necessary to meet demand. However, imported rice has been found to contain harmful levels of heavy metals, posing health risks.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the levels of 34 metals in imported rice and evaluated the associated health risks for the Iranian population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty samples of rice imported into the Iranian market from India, Pakistan, and Thailand were analyzed for 34 metals using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The metals included carcinogenic elements-Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), and Cadmium (Cd)-and non-carcinogenic: Sodium (Na), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Magnesium (Mg), Platinum (Pt), Silicon (Si), Gold (Au), Boron (B), Bismuth (Bi), Tungsten (W), Tin (Sn), Molybdenum (Mo), Chromium (Cr), Barium (Ba), Strontium (Sr), Aluminum (Al), Selenium (Se), Manganese (Mn), Cobalt (Co), Antimony (Sb), Titanium (Ti), Lanthanum (La), Lithium (Li), Vanadium (V), Beryllium (Be), Palladium (Pd), and Mercury (Hg). The health risks associated with the consumption of rice were assessed through the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR), cumulative cancer risk (∑ILCR), and Margin of Exposure (MOE) approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed that the Cd level in 1 sample and Pb levels in 5 samples exceeded the maximum concentrations established by the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran. The risk of cancer in adults exposed to As and Cd at mean concentrations was found to be higher than 1 in 100,000, while for Pb and Ni, the risk was greater than 1 in 10,000. In children, the ILCR for As and Cd at mean concentrations exceeded 10⁻⁴, indicating a moderate risk level, and for Pb and Ni, it reached 1 in 1000, emphasizing the need for enhanced public health safety measures. Additionally, ∑ILCR from all metals in both adults and children exceeded the 10⁻⁴ threshold. The MOE values for mean, median, and 90th percentile exposure to As, Pb, and Ni were below 10,000 in adults and children, indicating a significant health concern from rice consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings highlight the potential health risks of consuming rice contaminated with heavy metals, particularly arsenic. Therefore, special attention should be directed towards monitoring and reducing toxic metal levels in imported rice, with interventions aimed at mitigating these risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 127568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacotherapeutic potential of bilobetin to combat chromium induced hepatotoxicity via regulating TLR-4, Nrf-2/Keap-1, JAK1/STAT3 and NF-κB pathway: A pharmacokinetic and molecular dynamic approach","authors":"Mahmoud El Safadi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Faisal Hayat ,&nbsp;Ali Akbar ,&nbsp;Abdullah Nisar ,&nbsp;Fuad M. Alzahrani ,&nbsp;Khalid J. Alzahrani","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chromium (Cr) is one of the top-notch noxious heavy metals that is documented to exert deleterious effects on various body organs including the liver. Bilobetin (BLB) is a natural flavonoid which exhibits a wide range of medicinal properties.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This trial was executed to investigate the pharmacotherapeutic potential of BLB to avert Cr instigated hepatotoxicity via modulating TLR4, JAK1/STAT3, Nrf-2/Keap-1 and NF-κB pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Research layout</h3><div>Our trial was executed on thirty-six male albino rats that were segregated into four equal groups including the control, Cr (10 mg/kg), Cr (10 mg/kg) + BLB (12 mg/kg) and BLB (12 mg/kg) alone treated group. Various biochemical parameters were assessed by using qRT-PCR, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation and histological approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Our results revealed that Cr administration significantly impaired the health of hepatic tissues by reducing the gene expression of Nrf-2 and its downregulating genes while promoting the levels of oxidative stress markers (ROS and MDA). Moreover, Cr administration upregulated the hepatic enzymes including ALT, GGT, AST, and ALP while concurrently decreasing the levels of total protein and albumin. Cr exposure also elevated the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive proteins, interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), Interleukin beta-1(IL-1β), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Hepatic apoptosis was observed to be elevated following the Cr intoxication. Nonetheless, BLB treatment remarkably alleviated the hepatic damages via regulating the biochemical as well as histological profile of liver. Our findings are further endorsed by molecular docking analysis that demonstrated that BLB exhibit strong binding affinity to Keap-1 and STAT3 thus supporting its efficient hepatoprotective potential.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>BLB protected the hepatic tissues via regulating Cr induced impairments. These findings were confirmed by molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 127567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between multiple metals exposure and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among Chinese adults","authors":"Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Jianing Bi ,&nbsp;Gaojie Fan ,&nbsp;Mingyang Wu ,&nbsp;Xiya Qin ,&nbsp;Qing Fang ,&nbsp;Surong Mei ,&nbsp;Zhengce Wan ,&nbsp;Yongman Lv ,&nbsp;Lulu Song ,&nbsp;Youjie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous research has investigated the hepatotoxicity of single metal exposure. However, there is limited evidence about metal mixture and their association with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), particularly in the Chinese population.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the individual and combine effects of 20 metals on MAFLD in a large population in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 3651 participants from the Medical Physical Examination Center of Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China. MAFLD was identified based on ultrasonic graphic evidence of hepatic steatosis and the presence of overweight/obese, diabetes mellitus, or metabolic dysregulation. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine urinary concentrations of 20 metals. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between individual metal and MAFLD, with results presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was performed to evaluate the combine effect of metals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of MAFLD among the participants was 32.1 % (1173/3651). In singe-metal analysis, high exposure to zinc (OR =1.42; 95 % CI = 1.27, 1.59) and selenium (OR = 1.23; 95 % CI = 1.10, 1.39) were positively associated with MAFLD. No significant association was found for other metals. WQS regression analysis showed that urinary metal mixture was positively associated with MAFLD (OR = 1.32, 95 % CI: 1.15, 1.51), with zinc (50.4 %) being the largest contributor, followed by barium (10.8 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In conclusion, our finding suggested that exposure to the mixture of metals was positively correlated with MAFLD, with zinc being the major contributor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 127566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of colorectal cancer patients based on serum micronutrients: An exploratory investigation","authors":"Krishnamurthy Hari ,&nbsp;Rosanna Squitti ,&nbsp;Jophi Bosco ,&nbsp;Vasanth Jayaraman ,&nbsp;Karthik Krishna ,&nbsp;Amit Pal ,&nbsp;Anastasia De Luca ,&nbsp;Laura Di Veroli ,&nbsp;Gioia Mastromoro ,&nbsp;Gianluca Rizzo ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Tondolo ,&nbsp;Mauro Rongioletti","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a growing global health challenge with a multifactorial etiology encompassing genetic susceptibility, nutrition, and inflammation in the bowel.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine micronutrient status in CRC patients undergoing CRC resection.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>We performed a case-control study including 13 consecutive CRC patients and 10 healthy controls (CTRL) comparing the serum levels of 29 micronutrients, namely Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Chromium, Manganese, Carnitine, Choline, Inositol, Methylmalonic acid (MMA), Vitamin (Vit) B1, Vit B2, Vit B3, Vit B5, Vit B6, Vit C, Vit A, Vit D3, Vit E, Vit K1, Vit K2 and the amino acids Serine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Asparagine, Glutamine, Arginine, Citrulline and Cysteine.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After considering the effect of age and sex, copper, arginine, and cysteine were increased, while zinc, selenium, chromium, Vit B1, Vit K1, and Vit A were decreased in CRC patients in comparison with CTRL. Zinc levels perfectly predicted the diagnosis of CRC, and were associated with lymph nodes (pN), of the pTNM staging. Copper levels in serum were strongly associated with the pathological pTNM staging of CRC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Though this is a preliminary study that needs confirmation with a larger longitudinal cohort, our results show that serum micronutrients are linked to tumor growth, likely caused by increased demand from tumor tissue associated with an aberrant cell proliferation and changes in the antioxidant function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 127564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diallyl disulfide prevents cadmium-induced testicular injury by attenuating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and TLR-4/NF-κB and JAK1/STAT3 signaling and upregulating SIRT1 in rats","authors":"Emad H.M. Hassanein ,&nbsp;Mohammed F. Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Reem S. Alruhaimi ,&nbsp;Omnia A.M. Abd El-Ghafar ,&nbsp;Mostafa K. Mohammad ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Atwa ,&nbsp;Ayman M. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal environmental pollutant that can cause serious health problems. Cd can cause structural changes in the testes and exposure to this heavy metal is associated with the loss of sperms and male infertility. The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in Cd toxicity has been acknowledged. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), an organo-sulfur compound found in garlic, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects. This study evaluated the protective effect of DADS against Cd reproductive toxicity in male rats, emphasizing the involvement of redox imbalance, TLR-4/NF-κB and JAK1/STAT3 signaling, and SIRT1.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>DADS (10 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally to rats for 14 days and a single dose of Cd (1.2 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally on day 7. Blood and samples from the testes were collected for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cd caused testicular injury manifested by multiple histopathological changes and loss of sperms from seminiferous tubules. Circulating levels of gonadotropins and testosterone were decreased in Cd-administered rats. DADS prevented Cd-induced testicular injury and ameliorated serum levels of gonadotropins and testosterone. Cd increased testicular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and upregulated TLR-4, NF-κB, pro-inflammatory cytokines, JAK1 and STAT3 phosphorylation, Bax and caspase-3, while decreased antioxidants and Bcl-2. DADS effectively decreased ROS and MDA, downregulated TLR-4, NF-κB, JAK1, STAT3, pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-apoptosis markers in Cd-administered rats. In addition, DADS enhanced antioxidants, Bcl-2, SIRT1 and cytoglobin in the testis of Cd-administered rats.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DADS prevents Cd-induced testicular injury by attenuating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and TLR-4/NF-κB and JAK1/STAT3 signaling, and upregulating SIRT1 and antioxidants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 127560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-encapsulated selenium nanoparticles alleviate CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity through synergistically modulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways and regulating Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 expression: A comprehensive study with multiple regression analysis","authors":"Alaa abouelazayem Mrwad ,&nbsp;Shaymaa E. El-Shafey ,&nbsp;Noha Mohamed Said","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The delivery of selenium in a nano-form (Se-NPs) is a promising modality of treatment for various oxidative stress-induced diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the conceivable effects of selenium nanoparticles either alone (Se-NPs) or encapsulated with chitosan (Se-CS-NPs) on toxicity induced by CCl₄ in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty albino rats were divided equally into eight groups. The first group was the placebo. The second group was a positive control, while the third and the fourth groups got orally (Se-NPs 5 mg/Kg) and (Se-CS-NPs 225 mg/Kg) respectively. The fifth and sixth groups were protective groups in which Se-NPs or Se-CS-NPs were given simultaneously. The seventh and eighth groups were therapeutic as they received either Se-NPs or Se-CS-NPs after stopping the CCl₄ injection for 4 weeks more.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our results showed that the protective and therapeutic groups showed an increase in caspase-3 gene expression with a decline in the expression of Bcl-2, Nrf2, and AFP genes<strong>.</strong> Histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations showed the role of selenium nanoparticles either alone or coated with chitosan in decreasing fibrotic marker collagen I positive reaction</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Selenium nanoparticles showed an excellent effect in counteracting the toxic effect of carbon tetrachloride on liver functions, inflammation reactions, and apoptosis process. Moreover, using selenium nanoparticles has a strong role in preserving the liver architecture with its normal constituents. No additional benefit was observed when the selenium nanoparticles were encapsulated with chitosan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 127563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zingerone effects on arsenic-induced glucose intolerance and hepatotoxicity in mice via suppression of oxidative stress-mediated hepatic inflammation and apoptosis","authors":"Mobina Hafezizadeh ,&nbsp;Maryam Salehcheh ,&nbsp;Shokooh Mohtadi ,&nbsp;Esrafil Mansouri ,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Khodayar","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Arsenic (As), a poisonous metalloid, is widely distributed in air, water, and soil and has been associated with the occurrence of diabetes and liver toxicity. Zingerone (ZNG), one of the active compounds in ginger, has several pharmacological benefits such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. The objective of this research was to assess the protective role of ZNG against arsenic (As)-induced glucose intolerance (GI) and hepatotoxicity in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male NMRI mice were treated with ZNG (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, oral gavage for 29 days) before As administration (10 mg/kg, oral gavage for 29 days). On the 29th day, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glucose tolerance test were measured. The animals were euthanized (day 30), and samples from blood and tissue (liver and pancreas) were gathered for further evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Administration of ZNG inhibited As-induced elevation of FBG and GI. Moreover, hepatic tissue damage and decreased Langerhans islets' diameter caused by As administration were improved by ZNG treatment. Pretreatment with ZNG attenuated the elevation of serum liver enzymes induced by As (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase). Also, the reduction in total thiol content, as well as the decline in antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) and the increase in lipid peroxidation marker (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in the liver tissue of As-exposed mice were reversed in ZNG-treated mice. Furthermore, ZNG prevented the increase of hepatic inflammatory markers (nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, and protein expression of nuclear factor-kappa B) and apoptosis-related marker (caspase-3 protein expression) in As-treated mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study has provided evidence indicating that ZNG can act as a beneficial agent in preventing As-induced hepatotoxicity and diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49970,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 127562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}