Medicinskij alfavit最新文献

{"title":"Thrombodynamics and Quantitative phase imaging of platelets in the assessment of hemostasis in pregnant women with protein C / protein S deficiency","authors":"I. A. Vasilenko, S. A. Gasparyan, S. M. Akhmedova, I. A. Orfanova, N. A. Vasilenko","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-49-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-49-54","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance . A hypercoagulable state caused by hereditary or acquired deficiency of antithrombotic factors can contribute to disruption of the uteroplacental circulation with the development of serious pregnancy complications, which requires effective monitoring of hemostasis during the use of pathogenetic anticoagulant therapy. The purpose of the study is to improve methods for diagnosing and monitoring hemostatic disorders in pregnant women with thrombophilia (protein C/protein S deficiency) and complicated pregnancy based on the use of an integral thrombodynamic test and quantitative phase imaging of platelets. Material and methods . 45 pregnant women were examined in the first and second trimester: 20 women with normal pregnancy (comparison group) and 25 (main group) with thrombophilia (protein S/protein C deficiency). 16 pregnant women (subgroup 1A) received a full course of preconception preparation with the prescription of LMWH, 9 pregnant women (subgroup 1B) did not complete the course in full for various reasons. To study hemostasis, along with routine methods (determination of APTT, TT, PT, Fibrinogen, INR and D-dimer), an integral assessment of coagulation using the Thrombodynamics method and quantitative phase imaging (QPI) of platelets in real time were performed. Results . It was found that routine methods are not sufficiently informative; statistically significant changes against the background of thrombophilia and during treatment with LMWH were noted only based on the results of assessing the level of fibrinogen and D-dimer. In the complex of thrombodynamics indicators, the most sensitive parameters were the steady-state clot growth rate (Vst), clot size at 30 minutes of the study (CS) and clot density (D). The QPI method revealed features of the morphological structure of platelets with a predominance in pregnant women with protein S/protein C deficiency of the activated cell population with an increase in the median values of diameter and perimeter by 14 and 20 %, respectively (p < 0.05). The effectiveness of LMWH therapy was assessed by normalization of the analyzed parameters. Conclusion . Timely and adequate correction of hemostasis disorders, carried out while monitoring coagulation and platelet parameters, taking into account all clinical data, can significantly reduce the risk of complications for the mother and fetus.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"32 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of lipotropic factors in the correction of metabolic disorders in women during the perimenopausal period","authors":"S. V. Orlova, E. A. Nikitina","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-7-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-7-15","url":null,"abstract":"In women during perimenopause, changes in metabolic parameters are detected, such as weight gain, which triggers a cascade of pathological reactions leading to the formation of metabolic disorders (lipid, carbohydrate metabolism) and endothelial dysfunction, during the development of which a deficiency of sex hormones plays a certain role in the onset of menopause. There is a connection between hormonal changes and an increase in the amount of abdominal and/or visceral fat, which is accompanied by a weakening of oxidative processes in adipose tissue, a decrease in energy consumption and a predisposition to the development of metabolic syndrome. As a nutritional correction, it is advisable to introduce into the diet lipotropic substances that help catalyze the breakdown of fats and ensure the processes of hydroxylation and methylation of toxic substances in the liver, such as methionine, inositol and choline. Each of the lipotropic substances affects the mobilization of fats, and their combination can provide a synergistic effect and increase the natural metabolic function of the liver.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"32 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome","authors":"S. A. Kulakova, A. I. Gomon","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-39-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-39-43","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To determine prognostic criteria for pregnancy complications and perinatal pathology in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Materials and methods . A prospective study of 100 pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome at the St. Joasaph Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital. Depending on the type of ART method, 2 groups were formed. The first group (n=50) of women – pregnancy occurred by induction of ovulation with chlorthyanisene clomiphene citrate (CC). The second group (n=50) – with the help of In vitro fertilisation (IVF). Research methods – clinical, laboratory, instrumental. Result . It was revealed that the main conditions for the probability of the formation of polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility are: the presence of childhood infections in the anamnesis, low birth weight of mothers. Disorders of the reproductive system in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are detected by menstrual cycle disorders, late menarche, inflammatory diseases of the genitals, primary and secondary infertility. Extragenital pathology is diagnosed in 100 % of women with PCOS and appears in the form of obesity, infectious and inflammatory diseases, infectious and inflammatory pathologies. With PCOS, miscarriage, preeclampsia, isthmic-cervical insufficiency, gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal growth retardation, chronic placental insufficiency are noted. The onset of pregnancy by stimulating ovulation of CC has an unfavorable course relative to IVF: the risk of miscarriage and isthmic-cervical insufficiency is higher. The average weight of full-term babies, the method of their birth turned out to be IVF, is greater than ovulation stimulation. The probability of perinatal damage against the background of ovulation stimulation exceeds IVF by about 1.5 times. In the early period of gestation and in conditions of PCOS, there is a hormonal imbalance: a fascination with TBG and a decrease in the secretion of PAMG in peripheral blood at 7–8 and 10–12 weeks. In women with polycystic ovary syndrome, the probability of termination of pregnancy in the first trimester is characterized by the presence of chorionitis, a decrease in the volume of the amniotic cavity, tachycardia of the embryo. Signs of placental insufficiency were detected in the II and III trimesters. In pregnant women with PCOS, hemostatic disorders are observed – a shortening of the activated recalcification time and blood clotting time and an increase in fibrinogen and prothrombin index. Pregnancy on the background of PCOS is accompanied by activation of free radical oxidation and the development of oxidative stress. Conclusion . To predict placental insufficiency, the risk of miscarriage, perinatal pathology of the nervous system in pregnant women with PCOS, it is necessary to assess the level of glycodelin, TBG, PAMG‑1, β-HCG.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"31 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of prevalence of metabolic types of urolithiasis in Stavropol Region","authors":"R. S. Frantsev, K. S. Makarov, Yu. P. Redko, I. V. Pavlenko","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-18-39-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-18-39-42","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The treatment and prophylaxis of urolithiasis are one of the urgent problems of modern medicine. In Russia in recent decades a tendency to the increase in urolithiasis prevalence has been noted, and the incidence of urolithiasis varies in different regions. This may be due to lifestyle features and chemical composition of water in different regions of the country. The aim of the study. To analyze the chemical composition of concrements in patients treated for urolithiasis in the Stavropol Region. Methods. Using infrared (IR) spectroscopy 565 concrements were studied. Analysis of the obtained data showed that calcium-oxalate stones were the most common (72.80 %), followed by urate stones (19.40 %) and then phosphate stones (6.09 %). Cystine (0.70 %) and xanthine type stones (0.17 %) are the least common. Conclusions. The preventive measures aimed at restriction of the consumption of food containing high oxalates and purines, as well as use of water low in calcium and with alkaline reaction will decrease the incidence of urolithiasis at the regional level.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136157509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbid patient with osteoporosis at doctor's appointment. What factors should be considered in selection of therapy","authors":"V. I. Strukov, M. Yu. Sergeeva-Kondrachenko, O. P. Vinogradova, A. G. Denisova, I. Ya. Moiseeva, D. V. Vikhrev, P. A. Poluboyarinov, E. S. Panina, E. V. Petrova, A. V. Fedorov, S. S. Burmistrova","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-18-34-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-18-34-38","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of the skeleton, which is characterized by a decrease in bone mass per unit volume and a violation of the microarchitectonics of bone tissue, which leads to an increase in bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures. Target. The problems of comorbidity of osteoporosis and polypharmacy in the treatment of this disease are considered. Materials and methods. On the basis of the Center for Osteoporosis of the Penza Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, a branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education of Russia, we conducted an open, prospective, randomized study of the comorbid status of age-related patients with osteoporosis in order to improve the diagnosis and pathogenetic therapy of the disease. More than 1400 women took part in the study.The results of a study of the comorbid status of age-related patients with osteoporosis are presented. The expediency of antiresorptive therapy in comorbid patients with osteoporosis is discussed. Conclusions. The characteristics of osteoprotectors of a new generation based on the bioactive component of gonadotropic action are given, and the prospects of these agents in the implementation of a personalized approach in the treatment of osteoporosis, taking into account comorbidity and polypharmacy, are evaluated. Particular attention is paid to the problem of osteosarcopenia and its solution with the help of these osteoprotectors.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136157390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional vector ECG analysis in the diagnosis of the left anterior fascicular block","authors":"Yu. E. Teregulov, E. A. Atsel, S. F. Ganieva, E. T. Teregulova, M. S. Maksimova, A.  Yu. Teregulov, Z. A. Kamaletdinova","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-15-28-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-15-28-34","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study is due to the complexity of the differential diagnosis of left anterior fascicular block (LAFB) with myocardial infarction and left ventricular hypertrophy based on a standard ECG. Aim. Determination of the criteria for LAFB according to the data of three- dimensional vectorcardiography with an analysis of the rate of formation of the vector loop. Material and research methods. The study included 85 patients who underwent a 12-lead ECG study. 2 groups of patients were selected. The main group of 56 patients with LAFB, mean age was 63.3±16.6 (M±δ) years, 34 men and 22 women. The control group included 29 healthy individuals, the mean age was 21.4±2.5 (M± δ) years, 12 men and 17 women. All patients underwent synchronous recording of 12 standard ECG leads in the IS «Unified Cardiologist of the Republic of Tatarstan» and reconstruction of a three-d imensional vectorcardiogram using the McFee-Parungao system with an analysis of the vector loop formation rate using EasyECG Rest ATES Medica software (Russia). Results and conclusions. It is shown that for LAFB the movement of the vector loop counterclockwise is typical in the frontal plane; the presence of 2 extrema, the second is directed upwards, to the right and back. On the graph of the rate of formation of a spatial vector loop, 2 peaks are recorded with a decrease in the rate in the final part of the QRS loop by 2–2.5 times relative to the first peak, which reflects a slowdown in myocardial excitation in the output section of the left ventricle.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136160872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method of dynamic one-stage Dopplerography of coronary and cerebral blood flow with analysis of efficiency of antler balneotherapy in patients with arterial hypertension","authors":"V. A. Avkhimenko, A. B. Trivozhenko, O. V. Grebenyuk","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-15-36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-15-36-40","url":null,"abstract":"Integration of highly sensitive Doppler methods of assessment of coronary and cerebral blood circulation into process of functional and diagnostic audit of results of recovery treatment of patients with an arterial hypertension allows to estimate positive tendencies at normalization of processes regional perfusion. Use of the designated technologies showed reliable decrease in peak velocity in middle cerebra artery without increase in vascular resistance at the persons which passed a therapeutic course of antler reindeer breeding. Peak velocity in an middle cerebra artery before the designated treatment was within 92–115 cm/ c (Me 105 [96,3–104,5]), after the therapeutic procedures was registered in a big way 78–98 cm / c (Me 90 [82,4–94,3]). The designated phenomenon indicated improvement of regional cerebral oxygenation and natural reduction of volume of brain perfusion. At the same time, Doppler parameters in coronary arteries at the patients who completed the analyzed course of recovery treatment were transformed minimum, without reliable distinctions that presumably.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"83 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136161040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advance Thermography diagnostics: automatic algorithm to find out acute sinusitis","authors":"I. M. Dolgov, Yu. V. Karamyshev, I. S. Zheleznyak, A. A. Karamysheva, A. I. Makhnovsky, D. N. Khriupkovskiy","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-15-49-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-15-49-58","url":null,"abstract":"Development of medical imaging techniques (including medical thermography) provided an opportunity to mine data that can be explored for the development of clinical decision support systems. Aim. Find out quantitative thermography criteria for acute rhinosinusitis and implement these criteria into automated analysis protocols to create a diagnostic complex suitable for use by professionals of any medical speciality. Material, methods. After necessary adaptation, facial thermography by mean of thermography camera ТВС300-меd LLC “СТК СИЛАР” Russia, (384x288 pixel, 30 mK) was performed in 100 healthy volunteers and 305 patients with suspected acute rhinosinusitis (in 173 of them diagnosis was supported). Resulted thermograms were processed in “cloud service” TVision (LLC “Dignosys”, Russia). Point and regions of interest (ROI), namely, point in the middle of the line, connected inner edge of eyebrows (Тср) and ROI, covered the projections of maxillary sinuses were marked automatically. Difference between temperature in Тср point and mean temperature in each ROI (ΔТr/ΔТl), as well as mean temperature between ROI were calculated (ΔTпаз). Result. The best results ( sensitivity 82%, specificity 74%, accuracy 78%) were received when complex of ΔТr/ΔТl ≤0 and module |ΔTпаз| ≥0,5°C (both or at least one criterion) was applied. Based on these data, automatic algorithm of thermography acute rhinosinusitis diagnostics was created to use in primary medical care routine as clinical decision support systems.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136161058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of vaccination against COVID‑19","authors":"L. A. Fomina, M. P. Sorokina","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-18-15-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-18-15-18","url":null,"abstract":"Several vaccines from SARS-COV-2 are used in Russia, which have successfully passed all the stages of testing and showed their effectiveness. Purpose. The study was aimed to clarify the manifestations and course, severity of COVID-19 in SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. Materials and methods. 62 patients treated in an infectious hospital with a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 were examined. When selecting groups, the pseudorandomization method was used. Clinical symptoms of the disease, anamnesis data, results of pulse oximetry, computed tomography of the chest, clinical blood analysis, transaminase levels and hemostasis indicators were found out in all the examined patients. Results. The study showed that unvaccinated patients were hospitalized in a more serious condition, with significantly more pronounced volume of lung tissue damage and hypoxia. In the group of unvaccinated patients, there was a significantly higher incidence of liver damage and an increased risk of thrombosis. Unvaccinated patients had a significantly lower percentage of comorbid pathologies, and the vaccinated group was dominated by patients Conclusions. Vaccination from coronavirus infection does not exclude the development of the disease, but significantly reduces the frequency of its severe course.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"24 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136231900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking and alcohol consumption impact on development and distribution of ulcerative colitis in adult patients among West Siberia Region population","authors":"G. R. Bikbavova, M. A. Livzan, D. V. Tikhonravova, T. V. Tretyakova, T. Yu. Panova","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-18-19-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-18-19-22","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the prolonged history of study of ulcerative colitis (UC) its precise aetiology is still unknown. Smoking impact on UC development has been revealed several decades ago and is being discussed due to the exact mechanism of tobacco smoke components to affect colonic mucosa hasn’t been discovered. Alcohol consumption role in UC development isn’t completely understood as well. Researches into the potential risk factors including pernicious habits are of interest as it allows the development of preventive measures and early diagnosis. Objective. To evaluate the correlation between smoking, alcohol consumption and UC development in adult patients among West Siberia region population Material and methods. It has been conducted a case-control study from 2017 to 2022. The case series and matched controls included 157 UC patients and 56 healthy respondents respectively. Information was obtained through a written questionnaire. Results. Ulcerative colitis development odds in patients who quit smoking is 3.8 times higher. Disease debut in 48 % of patients occurred 5 or more years after quitting smoking. Extensive colitis was observed more often in patients with smoking history and left-sided colitis predominated in nonsmoking patients. There's no correlation between smoking history duration and UC distribution. Average amount of wine consumed in controls was almost three times higher than in UC patients. Conclusions. Smoking is not only considered as a trigger that can potentially cause UC regardless the number of cigarettes. Extensive colitis has been observed more often in smoking patients and the ones who quit smoking. Wine consumption up to 20 ml per day may have a protective effect against UC.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136232301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}