Thrombodynamics and Quantitative phase imaging of platelets in the assessment of hemostasis in pregnant women with protein C / protein S deficiency

Relevance . A hypercoagulable state caused by hereditary or acquired deficiency of antithrombotic factors can contribute to disruption of the uteroplacental circulation with the development of serious pregnancy complications, which requires effective monitoring of hemostasis during the use of pathogenetic anticoagulant therapy. The purpose of the study is to improve methods for diagnosing and monitoring hemostatic disorders in pregnant women with thrombophilia (protein C/protein S deficiency) and complicated pregnancy based on the use of an integral thrombodynamic test and quantitative phase imaging of platelets. Material and methods . 45 pregnant women were examined in the first and second trimester: 20 women with normal pregnancy (comparison group) and 25 (main group) with thrombophilia (protein S/protein C deficiency). 16 pregnant women (subgroup 1A) received a full course of preconception preparation with the prescription of LMWH, 9 pregnant women (subgroup 1B) did not complete the course in full for various reasons. To study hemostasis, along with routine methods (determination of APTT, TT, PT, Fibrinogen, INR and D-dimer), an integral assessment of coagulation using the Thrombodynamics method and quantitative phase imaging (QPI) of platelets in real time were performed. Results . It was found that routine methods are not sufficiently informative; statistically significant changes against the background of thrombophilia and during treatment with LMWH were noted only based on the results of assessing the level of fibrinogen and D-dimer. In the complex of thrombodynamics indicators, the most sensitive parameters were the steady-state clot growth rate (Vst), clot size at 30 minutes of the study (CS) and clot density (D). The QPI method revealed features of the morphological structure of platelets with a predominance in pregnant women with protein S/protein C deficiency of the activated cell population with an increase in the median values of diameter and perimeter by 14 and 20 %, respectively (p < 0.05). The effectiveness of LMWH therapy was assessed by normalization of the analyzed parameters. Conclusion . Timely and adequate correction of hemostasis disorders, carried out while monitoring coagulation and platelet parameters, taking into account all clinical data, can significantly reduce the risk of complications for the mother and fetus.