Lancet Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Exploring parvovirus B19 pathogenesis and therapy among kidney transplant recipients: case report and review of literature","authors":"Gian Marco Berti, Elisabetta Manaresi, Gisella Vischini, Michele Provenzano, Valeria Corradetti, Maddalena Giannella, Cecilia Bonazzetti, Matteo Rinaldi, Benedetta Fabbrizio, Matteo Ravaioli, Giorgio Gallinella, Gaetano La Manna, Giorgia Comai","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00560-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00560-7","url":null,"abstract":"We report the case of a 34-year-old male recipient of an ABO-incompatible living donor kidney transplant who was repeatedly hospitalised for anaemia. Acute kidney injury in a patient with severe and recurrent anaemia related to parvovirus B19 infection was diagnosed through viral and histopathological analysis. In view of the patient's impaired immune response due to the immunosuppressive regimen, clinical stabilisation was reached by repeated intravenous immunoglobulin administration as a maintenance therapy in a prolonged course, although viral clearance did not occur. Review of the literature highlighted a variety of pathological renal lesions associated with parvovirus B19 infection, although epidemiological data on parvovirus B19 infection in kidney transplant recipients, standardised diagnostic and therapeutic protocols, and the prospect for specific antiviral therapy are still scarce. Increased awareness of clinical relevance of parvovirus B19 infection in patients who have had a kidney transplant should direct future efforts towards better consideration and comprehension of viral-induced pathogenesis, aimed at effective diagnosis and appropriate therapy.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative antibiogram results of over 6800 diagnostic isolates from the First Lviv Territorial Medical Union, Ukraine","authors":"Hailie Uren, Nataliia Aliieva, Nataliya Matolinets, Carolyn Hemsley, John B Holcomb, Oleh Samchuk, Hnat Herych","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00116-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00116-1","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facts and myths about measles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00164-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00164-1","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy of the vaccine H56:IC31 in reducing the rate of tuberculosis disease recurrence in HIV-negative adults successfully treated for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial","authors":"Álvaro H Borges, Marisa Russell, Dereck Tait, Thomas J Scriba, Elisa Nemes, Per Skallerup, Elana van Brakel, Andrea M Cabibbe, Daniela M Cirillo, Mildie Leuvennink-Steyn, Kathryn T Rutkowski, Grith K Wood, Birgit Thierry-Carstensen, Pernille N Tingskov, Emilie C Meldgaard, Max P Kristiansen, Rie E Søndergaard, Christian H Hansen, Frank Follmann, Charlotte G Jensen, Priscilla Samaai","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00814-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00814-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>People with tuberculosis who complete treatment remain at risk of recurrent disease. The vaccine H56:IC31 has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in phase 1 and 2 studies, but whether it can reduce the risk of tuberculosis recurrence is unknown.<h3>Methods</h3>In a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial in South Africa (five clinical trial sites) and Tanzania (one clinical trial site), we enrolled participants aged 18–60 years, without HIV, who had completed more than 5 months (22 weeks) of treatment for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis. During trial screening (≤7 days after starting treatment), two sputum samples were obtained and frozen for later comparison to recurrent isolates by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1; block size of four) to receive two intramuscular doses in the deltoid, 56 days apart, of H56:IC31 or placebo. After the first dose of H56:IC31 or placebo, participants were followed up until study day 421 (1 year after the second dose) and checked at each visit for tuberculosis signs and symptoms. If tuberculosis was suspected, two sputum samples were obtained: one sample was tested by automated molecular test (Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra) and sent for liquid culture; and the other sample was stored frozen for later analysis by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). At the last visit (day 421), two sputum samples were obtained from all sputum-productive participants, regardless of symptoms, to detect cases of asymptomatic tuberculosis. The primary endpoint was culture-confirmed recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis (due to relapse with the same strain, reinfection by a different strain, or indeterminate) occuring during the period starting at day 70 (14 days after the second dose) and ending on day 421 (1 year after the second dose). Vaccine efficacy against recurrent tuberculosis was derived from Cox proportional hazards models. Secondary endpoints included vaccine efficacy to prevent tuberculosis relapse or reinfection independently, as differentiated by WGS, and safety and immunogenicity outcomes (H56-specific CD4 T-cell responses and humoral anti-H56 IgG responses). Primary analysis of vaccine efficacy was based on modified intention-to-treat (mITT), in all randomly assigned participants except those with tuberculosis disease recurrence or who withdrew before day 70 (or 14 days after the second dose for those who received both doses). Safety was assessed in all randomly assigned participants who received at least one dose of vaccine or placebo. The trial was registered with <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT03512249</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating H56:IC31 vaccine in tuberculosis recurrence prevention","authors":"Wenping Gong, Jingli Du","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00861-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00861-2","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobials in serious illness and end-of-life care: lifting the veil of silence","authors":"William E Rosa, Shila Pandey, Renee Wisniewski, Craig Blinderman, Mark Wing Loong Cheong, Juan Esteban Correa-Morales, Diego Alejandro Cubides-Diaz, Sharif Folorunso, Nahla Gafer, Mohja Marhoom, Tiffanny Newman, Christian Ntizimira, Temitope Oyewole Obadare, Cihan Papan, Pedro Emilio Pérez-Cruz, Lukas Radbruch, Giri Shan Rajahram, Tomás Alejandro Reyes-Barros, Naveen Salins, Kavitha Saravu, Edward Christopher Dee","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00832-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00832-6","url":null,"abstract":"Global rates of antimicrobial consumption increased by 65% between 2000 and 2015, by 16% between 2016 and 2023, and are estimated to increase by an additional 52% by 2030. Antimicrobial use and misuse remains high among people with serious illness and at end of life, despite scarce evidence of benefit. In addition, the overuse and misuse of antimicrobials at end of life further exacerbate antimicrobial resistance, which is a substantial public and global health concern. This Personal View synthesises global interprofessional and multidisciplinary perspectives on antimicrobial use, stewardship, and resistance at end of life and implications at patient and population levels. Guidelines have been summarised from multiple countries, some of which offer guidance for antimicrobial use at end of life. Countries at different income levels are included (ie, Chile, Colombia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Nigeria, Rwanda, and Sudan) to show how practice norms and standards vary internationally. These examples are combined with a case of non-beneficial end-of-life antimicrobial use and clinical guidance for patient and family communication regarding antimicrobial treatment. This Personal View also provides recommendations to improve antimicrobial stewardship with the goal of engaging multidisciplinary stakeholders and decreasing inappropriate antimicrobial use at end of life.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rebecca Guy-taking diagnostics to Indigenous Australians.","authors":"Tony Kirby","doi":"10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00096-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00096-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 3","pages":"260"},"PeriodicalIF":36.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Africa's path to health security without foreign aid","authors":"Paul Adepoju","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00158-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00158-6","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zika virus vaccines and monoclonal antibodies: a priority agenda for research and development","authors":"Julia T Ostrowsky, Leah C Katzelnick, Nigel Bourne, Alan D T Barrett, Stephen J Thomas, Michael S Diamond, David W C Beasley, Eva Harris, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Tabitha Leighton, Angela J Mehr, Nicolina M Moua, Angela K Ulrich, Ana Cehovin, Petra C Fay, Josephine P Golding, Kristine A Moore, Michael T Osterholm, Eve M Lackritz, Jurai Wongsawat","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00750-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00750-3","url":null,"abstract":"The 2015–16 Zika virus epidemic in the Americas drew global attention to Zika virus infection as a cause of microcephaly and Guillain–Barré syndrome. The epidemic highlighted the urgent need for preventive measures, including vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However, nearly 9 years later, no licensed Zika virus vaccines or mAbs are available, leaving the world's populations unprotected from ongoing disease transmission and future epidemics. The current low Zika virus incidence and unpredictability of future outbreaks complicates prospects for evaluation, licensure, and commercial viability of Zika virus vaccines and mAbs. We conducted an extensive review of Zika virus vaccines and mAbs in development, identifying 16 vaccines in phase 1 or phase 2 trials and three mAbs in phase 1 trials, and convened a 2-day meeting of 130 global Zika virus experts to discuss research priorities to advance their development. This Series paper summarises a priority research agenda to address key knowledge gaps and accelerate the licensure of Zika virus vaccines and mAbs for global use.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zika virus: advancing a priority research agenda for preparedness and response","authors":"Eve M Lackritz, Lee-Ching Ng, Ernesto T A Marques, Ingrid B Rabe, Nigel Bourne, J Erin Staples, Jairo A Méndez-Rico, Eva Harris, Aaron C Brault, Albert I Ko, David W C Beasley, Tabitha Leighton, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Julia T Ostrowsky, Angela J Mehr, Angela K Ulrich, Raman Velayudhan, Josephine P Golding, Petra C Fay, Ana Cehovin, Jurai Wongsawat","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00794-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00794-1","url":null,"abstract":"The 2015–16 Zika virus epidemic emerged in the Americas and rapidly spread throughout the region and beyond, showing the epidemic potential of this mosquito-borne <em>Orthoflavivirus</em> and its capacity to cause severe congenital malformations and neurological sequelae. WHO declared the Zika virus epidemic a public health emergency of international concern in 2016. Despite this declaration, there are no licensed Zika virus vaccines, therapeutics, or diagnostic tests appropriate for routine antenatal screening. To address this absence of essential tools to detect and mitigate the threat of future Zika virus outbreaks, a group of global experts developed a priority agenda for Zika virus research and development. This Series paper summarises crucial challenges and knowledge gaps and outlines a comprehensive strategy to advance research, surveillance, global capacity, policy, and investment for Zika virus preparedness and response.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}