Júlia R. Neves, Satie Taniguchi, Márcia C. Bícego, Paulo Y. G. Sumida, Miguel Mies
{"title":"Symbiodiniaceae-Derived Fatty Acids Are Stored Differentially Across Giant Clam Species and Organs","authors":"Júlia R. Neves, Satie Taniguchi, Márcia C. Bícego, Paulo Y. G. Sumida, Miguel Mies","doi":"10.1111/maec.12845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12845","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Giant clams are invertebrates that form mutualistic associations with Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates. Despite their ecological significance, gaps persist regarding our understanding of their trophic ecology. Specifically, it is unknown whether Symbiodiniaceae-derived photosynthates are metabolized differently according to species and organ. Therefore, we maintained <i>Tridacna derasa</i> and <i>T. noae</i> for 3 months in a well-lit recirculated system without food supply. Samples were taken from eight organs and underwent lipid extraction and fatty acid esterification before analysis of three symbiont-derived fatty acids (stearidonic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid—SDA, DPA, and DHA, respectively) using gas chromatography. Results show considerable variation in fatty acids concentration among species and organs. SDA was found in higher concentrations in <i>T. noae</i>, especially in the adductor muscle. DPA was detected in low concentrations across <i>T. noae</i> organs and absent for <i>T. derasa</i>. DHA did not vary significantly among species and organs. Our findings indicate that Symbiodiniaceae supply clams with fatty acids, which are stored differentially according to species and organs. This demonstrates that these compounds are translocated to multiple organs throughout the complex giant clam anatomical system, in contrast to simpler hosts like corals. These results advance our understanding of the physiological dynamics of the mollusk-algae association.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preventing Bleaching in Tropical Corals by Using Thermally Resilient Symbiont Zooxanthellae: All Hands-On Deck!","authors":"Sven Thatje","doi":"10.1111/maec.12843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12843","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current rapid climate warming is expected to cause an ocean temperature increase of 3°C–5°C by 2100, leading to deoxygenated and acidified tropical seas. Without mitigation measures, the total loss of tropical corals is inevitable. Already, one-third of tropical reefs are considered permanently lost. Coral bleaching initiated by the loss of symbionts, the photosynthetic zooxanthellae, is the main process whereby corals respond to thermal stress, followed by recovery. However, increased thermal stress and frequency of bleaching have caused widespread coral recovery failure. Zooxantheallae of the genus <i>Symbiodinium</i> are considered the thermally vulnerable part of the coral symbiosis. In recent decades, warming has displaced genotypes of lower thermal resilience to subtropical latitudes; few genotypes of higher temperature tolerance remain abundant in tropical seas, but these will not withstand warming predictions either. Interestingly, high temperatures in the Red Sea have selected for exceptionally heat-resistant coral genotypes and for the highest known thermal resilience in endemic zooxanthellae at the same time. Actions to overcome the coral bleaching crisis have been proposed by combining coral ecophysiology and mass culturing of thermally resilient Red Sea symbionts for naturalisation to the global tropical ocean, including restoration of collapsed reefs using corals with thermally resilient symbiont genotypes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endolithic Algae (Ostreobium) Diversity in Porites Corals at the Western Atlantic and Tropical Eastern Pacific","authors":"Juan Sebastián Giraldo-Vaca, Juan Armando Sánchez","doi":"10.1111/maec.12832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12832","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Ostreobium</i> comprises endolithic algae commonly seen in conjunction with scleractinian corals. In the past, it was solely recognized as a coral skeleton bioeroder. Their relationship with corals is critical because they give photosynthetic byproducts and help the coral when it loses its primary symbionts due to stress. The variety of these algae in coral species of the genus <i>Porites</i> in the Tropical Eastern Pacific and western Atlantic was investigated. <i>Ostreobium</i> samples from seven <i>Porites</i> species including two from the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) (<i>P</i>. <i>panamensis</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>lobata</i>) and five from the Caribbean (<i>P. furcata</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>porites</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>colonensis</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>branneri</i>, and <i>P</i>. <i>astreoides</i>) were extracted. Published <i>rbcL</i> sequences from algae found within various coral species from other parts of the world were also compared. A biogeographic analysis and two methodologies, PTP (Poisson tree process) and GMYC (general mixed Yule-coalescent), were used to delineate the different species. The findings revealed a significant degree of genetic diversity within <i>Ostreobium</i>, with more than 15 groups of not more than three individuals and 40 individual lineages. Its origins date back to the Ordovician, 500 Ma, and it does not appear to preserve host specificity. The sampled locations still have a wide variety of <i>Ostreobium</i>. Biogeographically patterns were also confirmed, making it impossible to pinpoint the precise origins of most clades. The ancestry analyses revealed convergent events for not only the emergence of <i>Ostreobium</i> in a few genera of local corals, but also the phenomenon occurred in genera from far-off places.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Another Kid on the Block”: Testing the Effects of Artificial Substrates on the Recruitment of Juvenile Fishes in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico","authors":"Stefany Salinas, Carlos E. Cintra-Buenrostro","doi":"10.1111/maec.12840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12840","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most artificial reefs (ARs) in the Gulf of Mexico are considered intermediate to high vertical relief structures which have recruited large predatory species indicating a lack of juvenile habitat. Small, inexpensive ARs, standard monitoring units for the recruitment of reef fishes (SMURFs), were deployed at eight treatment stations at −20 m as habitat for juvenile fishes to understand and determine the effects of substrate type on the recruitment of juvenile fishes. Each treatment station contained four SMURFs with four treatments: small and large concrete rubble (~10 and ~20 cm), oyster shells, and bare. Surveys conducted from July 2017 to July 2019 yielded 39 different juvenile species, including one of the most economically important species, <i>Lutjanus campechanus</i>, present across all replicates. There were 5238 individual fishes collected, and the family Lutjanidae accounted for ~49% of these. The highest species richness and diversity occurred in SMURFs containing oysters or small concrete rubble while bare treatment had the lowest. Both concrete rubble and oyster shells might offer shelter to numerous body shapes and sizes of juvenile fishes as a result from a variety of crevice sizes. This study suggests that the deployment of low-relief structures with different substrate materials might affect recruitment of select species and provide further information useful to designing ARs, aiding fisheries production. Because enhancing fisheries is one of the goals of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Artificial Reef Program it is here recommended to continue developing other designs of low-relief to be allocated in between existing high-relief ARs that should serve as stepping stones for the survival of species of fisheries interest (e.g., <i>L. campechanus</i>).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Growth Rate in Cultured Crustose Coralline Algae of the Genus Phymatolithon and Sporolithon From Taiwan","authors":"Chiao-Feng Lai, Aafaq Nazir, Tzu-Yen Liu, Yung-Che Tseng, Yoshiyuki Iizuka, Jen-Chieh Shiao","doi":"10.1111/maec.12839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12839","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coastal algal reef ecosystems, which are formed by the skeletal carbonate of crustose coralline algae (CCA), provide vital habitats for a diverse range of marine organisms and serve as valuable archives of long-term environmental data. Despite the importance of these reef ecosystems, there is currently a lack of available information regarding the accretion rates of CCA in subtropical intertidal zones in the Taoyuan algal reef. We measured the vertical accretion and horizontal growth of CCA cultured in two aquaculture tanks over a 9-month period. The vertical accretion and horizontal growth rate of CCA was approximately 0.29–0.43 and 5.5 μm·day<sup>−1</sup> (the extrapolated annual value is equivalent to 0.11–0.16 and 2.0 mm·year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively). Newly colonized CCA had faster horizontal growth of approximately 110 μm·day<sup>−1</sup> (equivalent to 40.2 mm·year<sup>−1</sup>). These results highlight the slow and gradual process of algal reef ecosystem formation in the subtropical intertidal zones. The CCA had a faster lateral growth rate as seen in the newly settled CCA. These findings contribute to our understanding of the overall growth dynamics of CCA.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mass Mortality of the Invasive Sea Urchin Diadema setosum in Türkiye, Eastern Mediterranean Possibly Reveals Vibrio Bacteria Infection","authors":"Ezgi Dinçtürk, Fikret Öndes, Vahit Alan, Emre Dön","doi":"10.1111/maec.12837","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12837","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The invasive <i>Diadema setosum</i> (Leske, 1778) long-spined sea urchin has been in the Mediterranean Sea since 2006, and then, it has been known that its population density has reached high values on the southern Aegean coasts of Türkiye. This study aimed to report the mass mortality event of <i>D. setosum</i> with the determined agent on the Aegean coast of Türkiye. In addition, it was targeted to provide information on the current status of its density based on seasonal SCUBA diving observations for the period between January 2023 and November 2023. The results showed that the mass mortality of <i>D. setosum</i> was determined in Muğla, Aegean Sea, in August 2023. Spine loss, the mucoid layer at the bottom of the appendages, and the outer body surface were observed as the clinical symptoms of the diseased samples. Bacterial growth was detected on Vibrio-selected TCBS agar plates, while no other parasitic agents were determined in the coelomic fluid of sea urchins. The results of the biochemical (API 20E) and molecular tests confirmed the isolated bacteria as <i>Vibrio</i> spp. The density of <i>D. setosum</i> showed statistically significant temporal changes, and the highest and lowest mean density values were recorded in autumn and spring, respectively. Environmental stressors, such as increasing sea temperature levels, affect the marine ecosystem and lead to opportunistic pathogens. Long-term monitoring of disease outbreaks is necessary to understand the interactions between species and the ecosystem.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melania Agulló, Sandra Heras, Alba Abras, José Luis García-Marín, María Inés Roldán
{"title":"Genetic Differentiation Between Sympatric Crustacean Decapods Inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea: Implications to Avoid Larval and Adult Misidentification","authors":"Melania Agulló, Sandra Heras, Alba Abras, José Luis García-Marín, María Inés Roldán","doi":"10.1111/maec.12834","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12834","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The conservation of species, especially those with high levels of exploitation and economic interest, relies on the knowledge of their biology and geographical distribution. In the marine realm, similar morphology between species is a common difficulty in identifying sympatric species, especially in early stages of development. Therefore, genetic identification of crustacean species has been shown to be the only way to identify the species. We used a 451-bp fragment of the 16S rDNA gene to differentiate nine species of decapod crustaceans, five of which are sympatric and heavily exploited in the Mediterranean Sea: <i>Aristeus antennatus</i> (blue and red shrimp), <i>A. virilis</i> (stout red shrimp), <i>A. varidens</i> (striped red shrimp), <i>Aristaeomorpha foliacea</i> (giant red shrimp), <i>Aristaeopsis edwardsiana</i> (scarlet shrimp), <i>Gennadas elegans</i> (graceful blunt-tail prawn), <i>Gennadas valens</i> (valuable blunt-tail prawn), <i>Parapenaeus longirostris</i> (deep-water rose shrimp) and <i>Penaeus kerathurus</i> (camarote prawn). Analysis of the 16S rDNA gene provides clear evidence of genetic differentiation to be used as an easy method to identify these species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Fatty Acid Profile of the Deep-Sea Gastropod Parvaplustrum wareni Indicates a Dominant Role of Chemosynthesis in the Nutrition of the Hydrothermal Vent Ecosystem (Piip Volcano)","authors":"S. A. Rodkina","doi":"10.1111/maec.12833","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12833","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gastropod <i>Parvaplustrum wareni</i> (Parvaplustridae) is an important faunal component in the ecosystem of deep-sea hydrothermal vents of the Piip submarine volcano, Bering Sea. To highlight trophic relationships in this ecosystem, the fatty acid (FA) composition of the hydrothermal gastropod <i>P. wareni</i> has been studied. This is one of the few studies analyzing FA compositions of gastropods in a hydrothermal vent ecosystem. The major polyunsaturated FAs of this mollusk are represented by n-3 and n-6 FAs: arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), docosatetraenoic acid (22:4n-6), and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3). The low level of FA markers of phytoplankton suggests an insignificant role of organic matter created by photosynthesis in the nutrition of <i>P. wareni</i>. A high level of monounsaturated FAs (more than 70% of total FAs) dominated by palmitoleic (16:1n-7) and cis-vaccenic (18:1n-7) FAs indicates the bacterial nutrition of the mollusk. In general, the analysis of the <i>P. wareni</i> FA composition has allowed a conclusion that the organic matter created by chemosynthesis provides a favorable basis for the <i>P. wareni</i> population to thrive in the hydrothermal vents of the Piip volcano.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meiofaunal Dynamics in Oceanic Islands: Insights From Spatial Distribution, Substrate Influence and Connectivity","authors":"Adrián Torres-Martínez, Rodrigo Riera","doi":"10.1111/maec.12829","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12829","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is an apparent contradiction between the sedentary lifestyle and direct development of meiofaunal organisms and their widely observed distribution. This study is situated within the theoretical framework of ecological connectivity, metacommunities, and the impact of substrate type, particularly in the unique context of oceanic islands, offering a crucial perspective to unravel the complexities of meiofaunal dispersal and connectivity. We here studied the spatial distribution of meiofauna on natural and artificial beaches of an oceanic island, that is, Gran Canaria (Canary Is., NE Atlantic Ocean). The results revealed higher abundance and richness of meiofauna on artificial substrates compared to natural ones, with nematodes, copepods, and annelids being the dominant groups. The meiofaunal community composition differed significantly between natural and artificial beaches, suggesting colonisation of artificial beaches by natural beach communities. Notably, certain species were exclusively found on artificial beaches. The study highlighted the importance of substrate type in influencing meiofaunal composition, with artificial beaches providing new ecological niches and resources for meiofauna. The dissimilarity between beaches was attributed to morphospecies exclusive to either artificial or natural substrates, emphasising the role of dispersal mechanisms. These findings contribute to understanding the metacommunity dynamics of meiofauna in oceanic islands and call for further research on dispersal potential and biogeography.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maec.12829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alberto Colletti, Antonia Chiarore, Sara De Benedictis, Erika Fabbrizzi, Giulio Franzitta, Luca Licciardi, Simone Musumeci, João Neiva, Chiara Silvestrini, Simonetta Fraschetti
{"title":"Occurrence of Phyllariopsis brevipes (C. Agardh) E.C. Henry & G.R. South 1987 in the Gulf of Naples","authors":"Alberto Colletti, Antonia Chiarore, Sara De Benedictis, Erika Fabbrizzi, Giulio Franzitta, Luca Licciardi, Simone Musumeci, João Neiva, Chiara Silvestrini, Simonetta Fraschetti","doi":"10.1111/maec.12828","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12828","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The first record of the kelp species <i>Phyllariopsis brevipes</i> in the Campania Region (Tyrrhenian Sea, South Italy) is here reported. The species has been observed in October 2021 in four sites along Sorrento Peninsula and Capri Island coast during scuba diving surveys. <i>P. brevipes</i> grew on living thalli of crustose coralline algae from 32 up to 55 m depth, occasionally forming dense aggregations with a maximum cover of about 0.2 m<sup>2</sup>. The DNA barcoding analysis on the basis of the cox1 gene supported the identification, with 98.36% of similarity between the sample collected in this study (NCBI accession number: PP622796) and a sequence obtained from a specimen from Provence, Mediterranean France (NCBI accession number: GQ368264). The study area can be considered a stepping stone for the species dispersion. The occurrence of <i>P. brevipes</i> can be related to upwelling and good water quality and the monitoring of its health status might be a sentinel of environmental changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maec.12828","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}