Polina Shcherbakova, Alexandra Klyukina, Alexander Elcheninov, Liliya Gavirova, Elizaveta Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Ilya Kublanov, Elena Vortsepneva
{"title":"Microbial Associations of the Arctic Nudibranch Mollusk Cadlina laevis (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) Inhabiting the White Sea Subtidal Environment","authors":"Polina Shcherbakova, Alexandra Klyukina, Alexander Elcheninov, Liliya Gavirova, Elizaveta Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Ilya Kublanov, Elena Vortsepneva","doi":"10.1111/maec.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Symbioses between invertebrates and prokaryotes are widespread across various environments. This study focused on a stable microbial community localized in the buccal apparatus (teeth of the radula and jaws) of the nudibranch <i>Cadlina laevis</i> found near the MSU White Sea Biological Station. Distinct methodologies have been applied to characterize this microbial community. Electron microscopy revealed a morphologically uniform layer of bacteria consistently associated with the radular teeth of <i>C. laevis</i>. Sequencing of the V4 region of the <i>16S rRNA</i> gene identified that representatives of the genus <i>Polaribacter</i> accounted for up to 95.2% of the dense biofilm on the buccal apparatus. This finding supports a specific association of <i>Polaribacter</i> representatives with the buccal apparatus, in contrast to the more heterogeneous microbiomes of other mollusk organ samples. Comparative genomic analysis revealed significant differences between the genomes of <i>C. laevis</i>-associated <i>Polaribacter</i> and other available genomes of <i>Polaribacter</i> representatives, indicating that a host-associated lifestyle may require additional adaptations in bacteria. Metagenomic analysis revealed chitinase genes, rare in previously known <i>Polaribacter</i>-affiliated genomes, within the genome of these bacterial associates, suggesting their role in degrading chitin that covers the buccal apparatus. This observation of a stable microbial community in the <i>C. laevis</i> buccal apparatus could suggest that <i>Polaribacter</i> benefits from its ability to degrade chitin within the buccal apparatus, whereas the benefits to the mollusk remain unclear and will be the subject of further studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148174191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ecology of Shipwrecks Around Mauritius Island: Implications for Optimizing Shipwreck Performance for Marine Biodiversity","authors":"Marwyn Anasamy, Brihatee Mattapullut, Homesha Bhurosah, Vasisht Seetapah, Ashfaaq Muhammad Korimbocus, Kamakshi Ramkalam, Ranjeet Bhagooli, Shakeel Yavan Jogee, Deepeeka Kaullysing","doi":"10.1111/maec.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Shipwrecks can function as artificial reefs that enhance marine biodiversity and productivity by providing structurally complex habitats. However, ecological assessments of shipwrecks in the Western Indian Ocean, including Mauritius Island, remain scarce. This study presents the first systematic ecological evaluation of five shipwrecks around Mauritius, focusing on their ecological performance in terms of fish assemblages and benthic composition, and identifying environmental thresholds that favour biodiversity enhancement. Belt transects (2 m × 1.5 m) laid across the full width of each wreck were used to quantify fish assemblages, while benthic cover was assessed using line intercept transects. Environmental parameters including light, depth, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, and nutrient concentrations were recorded at each site. Fish biomass and community composition varied significantly among wrecks, with the highest mean biomass (138.6 ± 13.2 g m<sup>−2</sup>) and density recorded at shallower, well-illuminated, structurally degraded wrecks. In contrast, coral cover peaked (21.9% ± 3.9%) on structurally intact wrecks under similar light regimes. Linear mixed-model analysis identified light availability and pH as key drivers of fish biomass, while structural integrity supported coral cover. Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) further indicated that depth, nitrate, and pH were key factors structuring both coral and fish assemblages. Building on these patterns, an exploratory framework termed the Optimal Ecological Performance Thresholds (OEPT) was derived to identify indicative environmental and spatial ranges representing conditions that can maximize coral cover and fish biomass. These thresholds provide a preliminary, science-based reference for guiding future shipwreck deployments and ecosystem-based coastal management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148173985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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