Phytoprotection最新文献_第7页

Antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamon, ginger, horseradish and nutmeg extracts against spoilage pathogens 肉桂、生姜、辣根和肉豆蔻提取物对腐败病原体的抗菌作用

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-06-28 DOI: 10.7202/044024AR

Hortense N. Mvuemba, S. E. Green, A. Tsopmo, T. Avis

{"title":"Antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamon, ginger, horseradish and nutmeg extracts against spoilage pathogens","authors":"Hortense N. Mvuemba, S. E. Green, A. Tsopmo, T. Avis","doi":"10.7202/044024AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/044024AR","url":null,"abstract":"In the search for alternatives to the use of synthetic fungicides, aqueous spice extracts were evaluated for their effects on the mycelial growth of various spoilage pathogens and their ability to control potato dry rot and carrot cavity spot in vivo. Results showed that cinnamon, ginger and nutmeg significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of Aspergillus niger (Ascomycota), Fusarium sambucinum (Ascomycota), Pythium sulcatum (Oomycota) or Rhizopus stolonifer (Zygomycota), whereas horseradish extract did not lead to the inhibition of any microorganism at the tested concentration. Among the most effective extracts, 0.05 g mL‑1 of cinnamon extract completely inhibited A. niger and P. sulcatum, and 0.10 g mL‑1 of cinnamon extract completely inhibited F. sambucinum. A concentration of 0.05 g mL‑1 of ginger extract also caused 100% inhibition of P. sulcatum. In vivo, cinnamon extract significantly reduced lesions of potato dry rot and carrot cavity spot, and ginger extract reduced lesions of carrot cavity spot. These results indicate that aqueous cinnamon and ginger extracts could provide an alternative to the use of synthetic fungicides to control these pathogens.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"26 1","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81532792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Differentiation of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycetes: Hypocreales) isolates by PCR-RFLP 昆虫病原真菌球孢白僵菌(子囊菌:下creales)分离物的PCR-RFLP分化

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-06-28 DOI: 10.7202/044022AR

Rachid Sabbahi, R. Lavallée, A. Merzouki, C. Guertin

{"title":"Differentiation of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycetes: Hypocreales) isolates by PCR-RFLP","authors":"Rachid Sabbahi, R. Lavallée, A. Merzouki, C. Guertin","doi":"10.7202/044022AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/044022AR","url":null,"abstract":"The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is a promising biological control agent of several insect pests in agriculture. Molecular approaches (PCR, DNA sequence analysis and PCR-RFLP) were used in our research as tools for the identification of different B. bassiana isolates. Our work consisted in identifying the 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 and 28S regions of B. bassiana ribosomal DNA. The DNA sequences of the amplified regions showed that the 18S rDNA is the most conserved unit, with a high homology (99.5%) between the isolates studied, while the 3’ end of the 28S rDNA has a great variability, which makes it possible to differentiate the isolates. The PCR-RFLP method was used to monitor isolates of B. bassiana and distinguish them in a target pest, Lygus lineolaris. This method involved two main steps. First, PCR was used to amplify a region of the 28S gene of B. bassiana. Second, this PCR product was digested using restriction endonucleases, and the fragments produced were compared using gel electrophoresis. Because of the high specificity and sensitivity of PCR-RFLP, it was possible to discriminate between B. bassiana isolates using spores scraped from the surface of an infected insect as samples.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"7 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90177354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

A new stripe rust resistance gene transferred from Thinopyrum intermedium to hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) 一种新的抗条锈病基因转介至六倍体小麦(Triticum aestivum)

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-06-28 DOI: 10.7202/044023AR

P. Luo, Xueyun Hu, Z. Chang, M. Zhang, H. Zhang, Z. Ren

引用次数: 16

Toxicity effects of an insecticidal soap on the green peach aphid [Homoptera: Aphididae] 一种杀虫皂对桃蚜的毒力研究[同翅目:蚜科]

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-01-27 DOI: 10.7202/038985AR

E. Tremblay, A. Bélanger, M. Brosseau, G. Boivin

引用次数: 4

Efficacy of fungicide mixtures for the management of Phytophthora infestans (US-1) on potato 混配杀菌剂对马铃薯马铃薯疫霉(US-1)的防治效果

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-01-27 DOI: 10.7202/038983AR

F. Muchiri, R. Narla, O. M. Olanya, R. Nyankanga, E. Ariga

{"title":"Efficacy of fungicide mixtures for the management of Phytophthora infestans (US-1) on potato","authors":"F. Muchiri, R. Narla, O. M. Olanya, R. Nyankanga, E. Ariga","doi":"10.7202/038983AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/038983AR","url":null,"abstract":"Fungicide application strategies (timing, frequency, rates and mixtures) are important for the control and resistance management of potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. The efficacy of fungicide mixtures consisting of fenamidone + mancozeb and propamocarb HCL + mancozeb at various rates and in spray regimes containing metalaxyl and mancozeb was evaluated for late blight control (US-1) at four locations in Kenya. Propamocarb HCL + mancozeb significantly (P < 0.05) reduced foliar blight compared with mancozeb and the untreated control under moderate to severe disease pressure. Disease severity was significantly lower following application of propamocarb HCL + mancozeb at a rate of 4L ha-1 than at rates of 2L and 3L ha-1 in 1999 and 2000, but it was not significantly lower following applications at a rate of 3L ha-1 in 2000 and 2001. There were no significant differences in mean final late blight score among the three rates of 0.9, 1.0 and 1.1 kg ha-1 of fenamidone + mancozeb. All fungicide mixtures and application sequences significantly reduced the area under the disease progress curve and final late blight scores as compared with the unprotected control. Total and marketable tuber yield significantly (P < 0.05) increased in all fungicide-treated plots.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"347 1","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77699852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Fumonisin B1 and zearalenone contamination of wheat in Croatia and influence of fungicide treatments 克罗地亚小麦伏马菌素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮污染及杀菌剂处理的影响

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-01-27 DOI: 10.7202/038984AR

D. Ivić, A. Domijan, M. Peraica, B. Cvjetković

引用次数: 8

Seasonal variation in Blueberry scorch virus concentration in highbush blueberry and implications for disease monitoring and management 高丛蓝莓中蓝莓焦病毒浓度的季节变化及其对疾病监测和管理的意义

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-01-27 DOI: 10.7202/038982AR

D. Raworth, S. Mathur

引用次数: 0

La malherbologie au coeur des enjeux du XXIe siècle malherbology是21世纪挑战的核心

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-01-27 DOI: 10.7202/038981AR

Anne Légère

{"title":"La malherbologie au coeur des enjeux du XXIe siècle","authors":"Anne Légère","doi":"10.7202/038981AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/038981AR","url":null,"abstract":"Ce texte a pour objectif de cerner la dimension malherbologique de nombreux enjeux contemporains, agricoles et autres, alors que paradoxalement les ressources scientifiques et techniques dans cette discipline se font de plus en plus rares. L’adoption recente des cultures transgeniques resistantes aux herbicides a permis de caracteriser les problemes agroecologiques associes aux flux geniques et a la persistance de transgenes dans l’environnement. Les questions concernant les cultures transgeniques de deuxieme generation restent cependant sans reponses. Les changements climatiques qui affectent les zones d’adaptabilite et la croissance des cultures modifient aussi celles des plantes nuisibles. Des adventices notoires beneficient deja de l’accroissement des concentrations atmospheriques d’ozone et de CO2. En contrepartie, des especes nuisibles sont pressenties comme sources de biocarburants et de nouvelles cultures malgre une connaissance incomplete des consequences de leur mise en culture. On tente aussi de reconnaitre la contribution de certaines mauvaises herbes a la biodiversite malgre une comprehension fort partielle des relations entre les mauvaises herbes et les autres organismes de l’ecosysteme agricole. La connaissance des plantes « nuisibles » revet plus que jamais une importance strategique, ces plantes etant au coeur de secteurs nevralgiques, economiques et environnementaux.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"25 1","pages":"5-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83062159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Note du rédacteur en chef / Editor’s Note 编辑的说明/编辑的说明

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.7202/1008538ar

D. Dostaler

引用次数: 0

« Un siècle de pathologie forestière au Québec, sur fond de grands pins » “魁北克一个世纪的森林病理学，在大松树的背景下”

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2009-11-20 DOI: 10.7202/038233AR

G. Laflamme

引用次数: 1