Polish Polar Research最新文献_第4页

Soil bacterial community structure, metabolic adaptations and their functional interactions to abiotic factors in Antarctica 南极土壤细菌群落结构、代谢适应及其对非生物因子的功能相互作用

4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2021.138588

Kunal Jani, Anoop Mahajan, Swapnil Kajale, Aditee Ashar, Avinash Sharma

{"title":"Soil bacterial community structure, metabolic adaptations and their functional interactions to abiotic factors in Antarctica","authors":"Kunal Jani, Anoop Mahajan, Swapnil Kajale, Aditee Ashar, Avinash Sharma","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2021.138588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2021.138588","url":null,"abstract":": Antarctica features one of the most ancient, largest glacier reserves and the most pristine environment left on the earth. However, in the last few decades disturbances due to industrialization and release of greenhouse gases have led to serious consequences such as melting of polar ice sheets, changing atmospheric chemistry and ozone depletion. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing to understand the impact of subtle changes in environmental parameters on bacterial communities. We observed dominance of Cyanobacteria (41.93%) followed by Bacteroidetes (14.8%), Acidobacteria (13.35%), Proteobacteria (9.67%), Actinobacteria (7.79%), Firmicutes (3.46%) among all the samples collected every alternate day for 20 days. Additionally, metagenomic imputations revealed a higher abundance of gene families associated with DNA repair and carotenoid biosynthesis enabling bacterial communities to resist and function under the high UV radiations. We further observed bacterial communities are dependent on the single carbon metabolism as a strategy for nutrient uptake in such nutrient deprived conditions.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"14 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135544599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Handheld ED-XRF spectrometers in geochemical investigation: Comparative studies for glacial deposits from Spitsbergen 手持ED-XRF光谱仪在地球化学调查中的应用:斯匹次卑尔根冰川沉积物的比较研究

4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2021.137141

Lidia Kozak, Juliana Silva Souza, Adam Nawrot, Jędrzej Proch, Marcin Kaźmierski, Agnieszka Zawieja, Przemysław Niedzielski

{"title":"Handheld ED-XRF spectrometers in geochemical investigation: Comparative studies for glacial deposits from Spitsbergen","authors":"Lidia Kozak, Juliana Silva Souza, Adam Nawrot, Jędrzej Proch, Marcin Kaźmierski, Agnieszka Zawieja, Przemysław Niedzielski","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2021.137141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2021.137141","url":null,"abstract":": This study presents the determination of the content of selected metals (Ba, Ca, Fe, Nb, Rb, Sr, Y, Zn, and Zr) in postglacial deposits from two glacial valleys (Ebbadalen and Elsadalen) in the Petunia Bay (southern Spitsbergen). The aim of the research was to experimentally check the usefulness of the handheld energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique in the study of samples from the polar zone, before performing the future field tests. Deposit analyses were performed (in parallel) with two handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometers from different manufacturers, to investigate the accuracy and reliability of the instruments. The statistical analysis of the results indicated that the measurements carried out with two spectrometers were statistically significantly different, which was probably due to the different calibration characteristics used by the manufacturers. However, the analysis of the spatial distribution of element concentrations using Geographic Information System tools showed that the distribution maps of elements concentrations were similar regardless of the spectrometer used in the analyses.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"20 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135545559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cell response of Antarctic strain Penicillium griseofulvum against low temperature stress 南极菌株灰黄青霉对低温胁迫的细胞响应

4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2021.138587

{"title":"Cell response of Antarctic strain Penicillium griseofulvum against low temperature stress","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2021.138587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2021.138587","url":null,"abstract":": During the evolution organisms are subjected to the continuous impact of environmental factors. In recent years an increasing number of studies have focused on the physicochemical limits of life on Earth such as temperature, pressure, drought, salt content, pH, heavy metals, etc. Extreme environmental conditions disrupt the most important interactions that support the function and structure of biomolecules. For this reason, organisms inhabiting extreme habitats have recently become of particularly great interest. Although filamentous fungi are an important part of the polar ecosystem, information about their distribution and diversity, as well as their adaptation mechanisms, is insufficient. In the present study, the fungal strain Penicillium griseofulvum isolated from an Antarctic soil sample was used as a study model. The fungal cellular response against short term exposure to low temperature was observed. Our results clearly showed that short-term low temperature exposure caused oxidative stress in fungal cells and resulted in enhanced level of oxidative damaged proteins, accumulation of reserve carbohydrates and increased activity of the antioxidant enzyme defence. Ultrastructural changes in cell morphology were analysed. Different pattern of cell pathology provoked by the application of two stress temperatures was detected. Overall, this study aimed to observe the survival strategy of filamentous fungi in extremely cold habitats, and to acquire new knowledge about the relationship between low temperature and oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"21 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135634551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil microbiomes of reclaimed and abandoned mines of the Yamal region 亚马尔地区复垦和废弃矿山土壤微生物组

4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2020.132571

{"title":"Soil microbiomes of reclaimed and abandoned mines of the Yamal region","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2020.132571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2020.132571","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Here we investigate the microbiomes of the soil samples from the Yamal Peninsula (the surroundings of Salekhard city, Russian Federation) using a high-throughput sequencing approach. The main goal was to investigate the impact of mining on soils within the following regeneration, both during the reclamation practice and natural self-growth. Several quarries were studied, engaged in sand, clay and chromatic ores mining. The taxonomic analysis of the soil microbiomes revealed 50 bacterial and archaeal phyla; among the dominant phyla were: Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chroloflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, AD3, and Nitrospirae. Compared to the typical tundra soil, which was chosen as a control, the disturbed soils had increased biodiversity and total counts for soil bacteria, archaea, and fungi, especially in the cryosolic horizon. The different mining strategies caused significantly different transformations of soil microbiomes, which was less pronounced for self-growth compared to reclaimed quarries. This isolation of the reclaimed quarry was mainly associated with the increase of the amount of acidobacteria (fam. Koribacteraceae and Acidobacteriaceae and order Ellin6513), some proteobacterial taxa (fam. Syntrophobacteraceae), and Chloroflexi (fam. Thermogemmatisporaceae). The study also revealed bacteria, which tend to be specific for marine tundra environments: gemmatimonadetes from the order N1423WL and Chloroflexi bacteria from the order Gitt-GS-136.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"2017 29","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Environmental aspects of molecular composition of humic acids isolated from lake sediments of a permafrost-affected area of the Arctic 从北极永久冻土层影响地区的湖泊沉积物中分离出的腐植酸分子组成的环境方面

4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2021.137142

{"title":"Environmental aspects of molecular composition of humic acids isolated from lake sediments of a permafrost-affected area of the Arctic","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2021.137142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2021.137142","url":null,"abstract":": Humic substances are ubiquitous in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Humic acids (HAs) actively interact with organic and inorganic components of lake sediments. This interaction depends on the molecular structure and elemental composition of HAs. The presented research focuses on the investigation of the composition and molecular structure of humic acids isolated from lakes located in the Lena Delta in the Russian Arctic. The findings of the research are needed to estimate the potential capacity of humic acids to bind microelements, particularly toxic metals, in stable compounds. Surface sediment samples (0–10 cm) were collected from 8 lakes by Van Veen grab during the summer period of the “Expedition LENA 2019”. We analyzed elemental composition of the HAs samples. The results showed that the studied HAs of lake sediments are characterized by low nitrogen content and prevalence of aliphatic fragments in their molecular structure. Furthermore, it was found that the studied humic acids are less mature, showing mineralization processes dominant over humification, and have relatively low potential to complexation compared with soils of the Lena Delta as well as lake sediments of territories with more boreal climate conditions.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"2007 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135636021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Changes in Chlorophyll a fluorescence and DNA as a plant response to UV-B radiation in Gnaphalium vira-vira 叶绿素a荧光和DNA的变化作为植物对紫外- b辐射的响应

4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2022.140368

{"title":"Changes in Chlorophyll a fluorescence and DNA as a plant response to UV-B radiation in Gnaphalium vira-vira","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2022.140368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2022.140368","url":null,"abstract":": Ozone depletion at southern latitudes has recently increased the fluence of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation striking the ground. This phenomenon has sparked much interest in unravelling the effects of this harmful radiation on living systems. UV-B radiation triggers several responses that affect plant physiology, morphology and biochemistry. In this study, the effect of supplemental UV-B radiation on DNA profile and chlorophyll a (CHl a ) fluorescence characteristics were analyzed. An increase in the genetic variability of irradiated plants was observed in the Inter Sequence Simple Repeats products. The effect on photosynthesis was studied through fluorescence emissions. The obtained data showed that photochemical quenching (qP) decreased in irradiated plants. This effect may be attributed to a decrease in the number of open reaction centers of photosystem II (PSII) as suggested by the decreased values of minimal and maximal fluorescence. Likewise, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) increased in both control and irradiated groups, but treated plants presented lower NPQ values than controls. The heat dissipation mechanism was also altered, probably due to a decrease i in the yield of the maximal fluorescence in light-adapted leaves (Fm´). According to these findings, UV-B radiation affects the CHl a fluorescence mechanisms and modifies","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"2008 28","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135636270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diatom colonization and community development in Antarctic marine waters – a short-term experiment 南极海域硅藻定殖和群落发展-短期实验

4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2020.133012

{"title":"Diatom colonization and community development in Antarctic marine waters – a short-term experiment","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2020.133012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2020.133012","url":null,"abstract":": Main aim of the study was to search for possible differences in diatom colonization and their communities under the influence of glacier meltwater inflow and when unaffected by glacier meltwater, and also to define the time needed for the development of diatom communities on newly submerged substrates at small depths in Antarctica. We used artificial substrates (Plexiglass© tiles), submerged at a depth of 1 m below the sea surface at two locations at the South Bay of Livingston Island: (1) Johnsons Dock – a cove, known to receive glacier meltwater with sediments, and (2) outside the cove, generally unaffected by glacial meltwater. Samples from the natural epilithon at similar depth were also taken as a reference for diatom community structure. Statistical testing the differences between the two sites was not possible this time, but the samples allowed us to compare the sites in terms of diatom growth, species richness, diversity and evenness changes in diatom communities along the time of the experiment at both sites and with the natural epilithon at similar depths. Diatom colonization followed the three-phases scheme (colonization, logarithmic growth and equilibrium) as in other latitudes. Based on the valve density and community indices e.g. species richness, diversity (1-D) and evenness (J’), we consider that at least three weeks might be necessary to obtain sufficiently representative for the environment diatom communities on new substrates at small depths in Antarctica, in conditions similar to those of South Bay. No particular differences between the sites were noted in the colonization scheme, but the diversity (1-D) and evenness (J’) were higher at glacier influenced site, as well as the number of the valves on the substrates . Sea ice diatoms prevailed at the glacier influenced site. We suggest that species exchange between the sea ice and other hard substrates do exist, at least for some taxa, and such species might be indicative for variations in both salinity and water transparency, related to glacial meltwater inflow.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"2013 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135636963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Nothofagus and the associated palynoflora from the Late Cretaceous of Vega Island, Antarctic Peninsula 南极半岛维加岛晚白垩世的孢粉植物及其伴生孢粉植物

IF 1.3 4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/PPR.2019.129672

E. Romero, C. Amenábar, Maria C. Zamaloa, A. Concheyro

引用次数: 2

The effect of sodium fluoride on seeds germination and morphophysiological changes in the seedlings of the Antarctic species Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl.and the Subantarctic species Colobanthus apetalus (Labill.) Druce 氟化钠对南极种石竹种子萌发及幼苗形态生理变化的影响。和亚南极种的无瓣花(唇形)。Druce

IF 1.3 4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2019.129673

J. Dulska, J. Wasilewski, P. Androsiuk, Wioleta Kellmann-Sopyła, K. Głowacka, R. Górecki, K. Chwedorzewska, I. Giełwanowska

{"title":"The effect of sodium fluoride on seeds germination and morphophysiological changes in the seedlings of the Antarctic species Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl.and the Subantarctic species Colobanthus apetalus (Labill.) Druce","authors":"J. Dulska, J. Wasilewski, P. Androsiuk, Wioleta Kellmann-Sopyła, K. Głowacka, R. Górecki, K. Chwedorzewska, I. Giełwanowska","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2019.129673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2019.129673","url":null,"abstract":"The phytotoxic effects of fluoride and its derivatives on the seeds and seedlings of the Colobanthus apetalus and Colobanthus quitensis were studied. This is a first study to evaluate the influence of sodium fluoride (NaF) on the morphophysiological and biochemical processes on two Colobanthus species. The influence of various concentrations of NaF (9 mM, 19 mM, 29 mM) on the germination capacity and germination rate of seeds, seedlings growth and the proline content of plant tissues was analyzed under laboratory conditions (20/10°C, 12/12 h). The seeds of C. apetalus were collected from a greenhouse, whereas the seeds of C. quitensis were collected in Antarctica and in a greenhouse (Olsztyn, Poland). The tested concentrations of NaF did not suppress the germination of C. apetalus seeds, but the germination of C. quitensis seeds was inhibited. Sodium fluoride mainly inhibited root growth of C. apetalus and C. quitensis. In both analyzed species, the free proline content of seedlings increased significantly under exposure to NaF. The results of this study clearly indicate that C. apetalus and C. quitensis are highly resistant to NaF stress.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68952459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Molecular composition of humic substances isolated from selected soils and cryconite of the Grønfjorden area, Spitsbergen 斯匹次卑尔根Grønfjorden地区特定土壤和冰晶中腐殖质物质的分子组成

IF 1.3 4区地球科学

Polish Polar Research Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.24425/PPR.2019.128369

V. Polyakov, E. Zazovskaya, E. Abakumov

引用次数: 13