Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Self-Stigma on the Hope of Chinese with Mental Illness: The Mediating Role of Family Function.","authors":"Lu-Yin Liang,&nbsp;Yi-Nan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2022.2154505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2022.2154505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>: This cross-sectional study examined the levels of self-stigma, hope, and family functioning among Chinese people with mental illness (MI). We also investigated the mediating role of family functioning in the relationship between self-stigma and hope. <i>Method</i>: Three-hundred thirty participants with MI (M_age = 42.73, SD = 14.11, 52.09% female, 61.74% schizophrenia) were surveyed. Hayes' PROCESS macro analysis (Model 4) was performed to verify the mediating effect. <i>Results</i>: The analysis revealed that 43.1% of the respondents had a high level of self-stigma, 68.5% indicated a low/moderate level of hope, and 54% had moderate/severe impairment in family functioning. This supports the partial mediating effect of family functioning on the relationship between self-stigma and hope. <i>Conclusions</i>: The self-stigmatizing experiences of Chinese people with MI adversely impair normal family functioning and reduce hope, limiting recovery prospects. Relevant results highlight the influence of the family environment on the psychological mechanisms of PMI. Limitations and future research directions are addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 2","pages":"112-123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9631985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Dissociation with Suicide Attempt and Non-Suicidal Self Injury in Adolescents with a History of Sexual Abuse.","authors":"Alperen Bikmazer,&nbsp;Zehra Koyuncu,&nbsp;Nese Kavruk Erdim,&nbsp;Muhammed Tayyib Kadak,&nbsp;Mahmut Cem Tarakcioglu,&nbsp;Enes Gokler,&nbsp;Vahdet Gormez,&nbsp;Omer Akil Ozer","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2022.2114268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2022.2114268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>: Dissociative symptoms are considered risk factors for suicide and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). In this study, the relationship between suicidal behaviors and NSSI with dissociative symptoms in adolescents with a history of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) was investigated. <i>Methods</i>: A total of 100 adolescents with a history of CSA were evaluated with a detailed forensic psychiatric interview. Dissociative symptoms were measured with the self-report Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale (A-DES) and the parent-reported Child Dissociative Checklist (CDC). <i>Results</i>: While dissociative symptoms did not differ between adolescents with and without suicide attempts (CDC; <i>p = </i>.068 and A-DES; <i>p = </i>.060), they were significantly higher in adolescents with non-suicidal self-harming behavior (CDC; <i>p < </i>.001 and A-DES; <i>p = </i>.001). Suicide attempts and NSSI were more common in those who reported genital touching as a type of sexual abuse (respectively, <i>p = </i>.003; <i>p = </i>.048). In regression analysis; history of psychiatric treatment (OR = 9.09 [95% CI = 1.52, 54.29]) and NSSI (OR = 8.18 [95% CI = 2.01, 33.23]) were independently associated with suicide attempts. In addition, parent-reported dissociative symptoms (CDC scores) (OR = 1.27 [95% CI = 1.06, 1.53] and suicide attempt (OR = 8.09 [95%CI = 1.96,33.42] showed independent association with NSSI. <i>Conclusions</i>: Dissociative symptoms may be predictive factors for NSSI and should be considered in risk assessment of adolescents with a history of CSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 1","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9389167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Call to Reduce the Stigma of Mental Illness and COVID-19 Worldwide.","authors":"Mao-Sheng Ran,&nbsp;Hans Rohlof,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;Albert Persaud,&nbsp;Tian-Ming Zhang,&nbsp;Roberto Lewis-Fernández","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2022.2113317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2022.2113317","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread across every country and hit our world on a scale not seen since the end of World War II. This year marked the beginning of the third year of this COVID-19 pandemic, government responses to the crisis have varied across countries, leading to a range of severe consequences. WHO reports 15 M excess deaths worldwide in the first two years of the pandemic (World Health Organization [WHO], 2022); 8 M of these occurred in lowand middle-income countries, dispelling the myth that high-income countries have borne the brunt of excess mortality and refuting any justification for vaccine hoarding. One-third of humanity has yet to receive a single vaccine dose. The inequalities in health systems across the globe have been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic (Stein, 2021). The pandemic has affected every aspect of life, including the relationship between stigma, mental illness, and COVID-19 infection. The global community must refocus resources to create and sustain healthy societies and build cultures of peace and justice (Branca et al., 2021; Snider and Flaherty, 2020). BOTH MENTAL ILLNESS AND COVID-19 LEAD TO STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION AND INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 2","pages":"87-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9627639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Personification of Chronic Pain: An Examination Using the Ben-Gurion University Illness Personification Scale (BGU-IPS).","authors":"Noga Tsur,&nbsp;Gal Noyman-Veksler,&nbsp;Idan Elbaz,&nbsp;Lilach Weisman,&nbsp;Silviu Brill,&nbsp;Hadar Shalev,&nbsp;Zvia Rudich,&nbsp;Golan Shahar","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2022.2129329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2022.2129329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> Relying on anthropomorphism research, Illness Personification Theory (ILL-PERF) posits that individuals living with a chronic illness ascribe human-like characteristics to their illness. Herein we examine the personification of chronic pain using a new measure: the Ben-Gurion University Illness Personification Scale (BGU-IPS). <i>Method:</i> Three samples of chronic pain patients (Sample 1 and 2 are distinct samples sharing similar characteristics, collected in the context of a cross-sectional design, Ns = 259, 263; Sample 3: a 2-waves longitudinal, N =163) completed the 12-item BGU-IPS, and measures of pain and related factors. <i>Results:</i> An orthogonal, two-factor structure was revealed for the BGU-IPS pertaining to negative vs. positive personifications. Negative personification was associated with pain intensity and illness-related distress (e.g., depression and low adjustment to pain). Positive personification was correlated with hope, pain-related sense of control, and low depression. However, positive personification also augmented the associations between negative personification and several risk factors. <i>Conclusions</i>: Pain personification, particularly as assessed via the BGU-IPS, plays a major role in (mal)adaptation to chronic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 2","pages":"137-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9682106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding a Time of High Risk for Suicide: Adversities Associated with Separation from Military Service among National Guard and Reserve Service Members.","authors":"Jing Wang,&nbsp;Robert J Ursano,&nbsp;Hieu Dinh,&nbsp;Jeffrey L Thomas,&nbsp;Gregory H Cohen,&nbsp;Laura A Sampson,&nbsp;Sandro Galea,&nbsp;Carol S Fullerton","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2188627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2023.2188627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose was to examine five types of adversity and their associations with separating from military service among a nationally representative sample of U.S. National Guard and Reserve (NGR) service members.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between separating from the service and adversities, and demographic differences in adversities experienced among those who had separated from the service and those who stayed in the service.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Those who left the military were more likely to report financial (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.01-2.70) and healthcare access problems (OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.10-4.46). Among those who left the military, female service members were more likely to experience interpersonal adversity (OR = 4.28, 95% CI = 1.15-15.87), and Army and Marine service members were more likely to experience job-employment adversity (OR = 4.92, 95% CI = 1.50-16.12) and financial adversity (OR = 6.46, 95% CI = 1.22-34.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Separating service members experience financial adversity and challenges with healthcare access. Interpersonal difficulties are particularly experienced by female service members, and job/employment difficulties experienced by Army and Marine veterans. Continued efforts are needed to facilitate service delivery for NGR separating service members who need them.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 2","pages":"124-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9683090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Child Abuse Experiences and Intolerance of Uncertainty in Young Adults.","authors":"Ayşe Hatun Dirican,&nbsp;Ekin Doğa Kozak,&nbsp;Önder Kavakcı,&nbsp;Berna Sönmez","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2205800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2023.2205800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>: Drawing upon the identity disruption model, we investigated the association between child abuse experiences (emotional, physical, and sexual) and intolerance of uncertainty. We also addressed demographic differences in uncertainty intolerance in this study. <i>Methods</i>: Using online survey questionnaires, we collected data from a sample of 302 young adults in Turkey. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, one-way analysis of variance, and independent samples t-test. <i>Results</i>: The results showed that of the three types of child abuse analyzed, only emotional abuse was significantly and positively associated with intolerance of uncertainty. In contrast, age was negatively associated with intolerance of uncertainty. Regarding demographic differences, we found that the level of intolerance of uncertainty differed based on young adults' gender, psychiatric diagnosis, and education. Specifically, our findings indicated that intolerance of uncertainty is significantly higher in females compared to males. It is also significantly higher in young adults with a diagnosis for psychiatric disorders than those without. Moreover, intolerance of uncertainty is significantly higher in young adults who have a high school graduate degree than their undergraduate and graduate counterparts. We discussed how child abuse is associated with heightened intolerance of uncertainty in young adulthood as well as why demographic differences may exist in uncertainty intolerance. <i>Conclusions</i>: The present study expanded the existing research on the psychological consequences of childhood abuse experiences by linking child abuse to intolerance of uncertainty. Particularly, exposure to emotional abuse in early life can be a risk factor to cope with uncertainty in later life.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 3","pages":"214-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10317922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Debunking the Myth of Panic.","authors":"Ann E Norwood","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2289815","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2289815","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 4","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChatGPT: \"To Be or Not to Be\" in Bikini Bottom.","authors":"Aaron B Weingrad,&nbsp;Stephen J Cozza","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2238617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2023.2238617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> In this report, we tested ChatGPT's ability to think abstractly and to integrate information about two seemingly disparate topics by requesting a well-articulated, intellectually stimulating essay in response to a complex and somewhat paradoxical task. <i>Method:</i> We asked ChatGPT to write a satirical essay comparing SpongeBob Squarepants to Shakespeare's Hamlet and examined its ability to create a cohesive essay using abstract thinking. <i>Findings:</i> ChatGPT's comparison of Hamlet and SpongeBob was successful, comprehensive, and convincing, demonstrating the ability to make judgments and to use appropriate metaphors and idioms. <i>Conclusions:</i> Our findings suggest that ChatGPT can respond to complex tasks using abstract thinking.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 3","pages":"249-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9965401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching Clinical Psychiatry in the Emergency Room: Is There a Room for Competency-Based Medical Education?","authors":"Suravi Patra,&nbsp;Upendra Hansda","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2238572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2023.2238572","url":null,"abstract":"Sir, The recent release of the World Mental Health report by the World Health Organization has again highlighted the grim picture of global mental health. According to the report, one billion of the world’s population suffers from mental disorders, and the treatment gap remains disparagingly high at more than 70% in Lowand Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). The report has urged the LMICs to develop community services and integrate mental health services with existing general medical setups to bridge unmet mental healthcare needs (Cuijpers et al., 2023). Defined by the American Psychiatric Association as “an acute disturbance in thought, mood, behaviour or social relationship, as defined by the patient, the family, or the social unit,” psychiatric emergency requires immediate intervention (Sood & Mcstay, 2009). Psychiatric emergencies in the Emergency Rooms (ER) include a suicide attempt, self-harm, aggression, acute psychosis, delirium, substance abuse or withdrawal. These crises provide a valuable opportunity for the resident to view the interface between medicine and psychiatry (Bruffaerts et al., 2008; McPherson, 1984). The sheer emergent nature of the clinical encounter demands selective assessment and multimodal management, which often involves psychological, familial, and social support and pharmacological interventions. Environmental modifications and psychological therapies in managing delirium and suicidality demonstrate the importance of these elements in the biopsycho-social approach of psychiatric management (Rusk, 1971). Medical disorders presenting as psychiatric crises and psychiatric disorders presenting with medical co-morbidities in the ER highlight the biomedical underpinnings of psychiatry. A comprehensive medical and psychiatric assessment carried out by a multidisciplinary team provides a unique mutual learning opportunity of immense value for medicine and psychiatry residents. With time, the psychiatry resident becomes an expert in assessing volatile affective states, providing crisis interventions, and being valued as an indispensable part of the multidisciplinary team. The structured clinical psychiatry teaching in the ER has immense value in integrating it with general medical settings. ER can be used as a setting for training ER physicians on the interface of psychological and physical impacts of disasters and calamities. The integration of mental health assessments and interventions, when routinely addressed during ER training, has the potential to identify individuals in need of psychological services, promote resilience, improve psychological interventions being","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 3","pages":"255-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9967633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Health Belief Model in the Context of Alcohol Protective Behavioral Strategies.","authors":"Ardhys N De Leon,&nbsp;Roselyn Peterson,&nbsp;Robert D Dvorak,&nbsp;Angelina V Leary,&nbsp;Matthew P Kramer,&nbsp;Emily K Burr,&nbsp;Ethan M Toth,&nbsp;Daniel Pinto","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2022.2114270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2022.2114270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>: Alcohol use continues to be prevalent and problematic among young adult samples. Protective behavioral strategies (PBS), which are harm reduction strategies utilized while drinking, have been linked to decreased alcohol use and subsequent alcohol-related problems. An individual's likelihood of adopting PBS and other health behaviors, according to The Health Belief Model (HBM), is dependent on perceived susceptibility to and severity of adverse health outcomes, as well as perceived benefits and barriers related to implementing those behaviors. The present study examined whether the perceived effectiveness of PBS in the context of the HBM leads to an increase in PBS use. <i>Method</i>: The analytic sample (<i>n</i> =694 college students, <i>M</i>_age =20.21, <i>SD</i> =4.37, 63.26% female, 72.05% Caucasian) self-reported demographics, weekly alcohol consumption (i.e., frequency, intensity, and quantity), alcohol-related problems, use of PBS, and perceived effectiveness of PBS use. A latent variable model was used to test the effect of perceived PBS effectiveness on PBS use, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related problems. <i>Results</i>: Perceived PBS effectiveness was associated with a higher likelihood of using PBS subtypes (Manner of Drinking, Stopping/Limiting Drinking, and Serious Harm Reduction), which in turn was associated with reductions in alcohol consumption and problems. <i>Conclusions</i>: These findings suggest that increasing perceptions of PBS effectiveness may lead to more PBS use, decreased alcohol consumption, and fewer alcohol-related problems. Future research could implement longitudinal methodology to assess attempts to increase perceived effectiveness of PBS use and potentially establish a causal link between these perceptions, PBS use, and alcohol-related outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":"86 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9078748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}