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Air Quality in Moscow during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Comparison with Other Regions of the World COVID-19 封锁期间莫斯科空气质量与世界其他地区的比较
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-27 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924020079
Yu. O. Shuvalova, A. S. Ginzburg
{"title":"Air Quality in Moscow during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Comparison with Other Regions of the World","authors":"Yu. O. Shuvalova, A. S. Ginzburg","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924020079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924020079","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>An analysis of the changes in the carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>) mass concentrations in the atmosphere near highways and residential areas over Moscow during the spring lockdown in 2020 against of the mass concentrations in the previous years (2015–2019) is presented. In the lockdown period, a decrease in the CO mass concentrations was about 40% near highways and only 10% in residential areas. A decrease in the PM<sub>10</sub> mass concentrations by about 10% was found during that period. The closeness of lockdown effects in Moscow and other megacities is shown by the comparison of trends in the traffic intensity and pollutant mass concentrations. The special importance of motor vehicles as a source of carbon monoxide emissions in the analyzed megacities is demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Trends in the Health Risks from Air Pollution and in Changing Levels of Weather and Climate Comfort in Russia until 2050 2050 年前俄罗斯空气污染的健康风险趋势以及天气和气候舒适度的变化趋势
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-27 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924020092
A. A. Makosko, A. V. Matesheva, S. V. Emelina
{"title":"On Trends in the Health Risks from Air Pollution and in Changing Levels of Weather and Climate Comfort in Russia until 2050","authors":"A. A. Makosko, A. V. Matesheva, S. V. Emelina","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924020092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924020092","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The authors explore the trends in the human health risks caused by air pollution and changing levels of weather and climate comfort on the territory of Russia in 2020–2050 under two climate change scenarios. Generally, the dynamics of risks is expected to be moderate. It will presumably be characterized by inter-scenario variability and dispersion by the country’s climate zones. In certain areas, primarily in Siberia, very noticeable trends have been revealed. The paper shows a need for additional attention when planning the measures of adaptation to climate change in southern and central regions of European Russia, most of Western Siberia, the Magadan oblast and Kamchatka.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wind Speed Trend Effects on the Length of the Thermal Comfort Period in European Russia in Recent Decades 近几十年来风速变化对俄罗斯欧洲地区热舒适期长度的影响
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-27 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924020031
A. S. Ginzburg, I. N. Belova, S. A. Dokukin, V. A. Falaleeva
{"title":"Wind Speed Trend Effects on the Length of the Thermal Comfort Period in European Russia in Recent Decades","authors":"A. S. Ginzburg, I. N. Belova, S. A. Dokukin, V. A. Falaleeva","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924020031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924020031","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The combination of the parameters of temperature, humidity, and wind conditions of surface air, solar radiation fluxes, human metabolism under various modes of physical exertion and clothing properties characterize the thermal comfort. Under conditions of global warming, the climate characteristics that affect the quality of life, health, and well-being of people, in particular, the length of thermal comfort periods, are changing. Bioclimatic indices that determine the thermal comfort conditions depend not only on temperature changes, but also on humidity and wind speed trends. When comparing the results of the calculations of the thermal comfort period length with the use of air temperature observations and major bioclimatic indices, the authors have revealed a significant difference in the effect of changes in average wind speed on the length of the thermal comfort period in different regions of European Russia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Water Balance of Belarus and Its Changes due to Global Warming 白俄罗斯的水资源平衡及其因全球变暖而发生的变化
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924010072
S. A. Lysenko, V. F. Loginov, I. V. Buyakov, Yu. A. Brovka
{"title":"Water Balance of Belarus and Its Changes due to Global Warming","authors":"S. A. Lysenko, V. F. Loginov, I. V. Buyakov, Yu. A. Brovka","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924010072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924010072","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Estimates of the water balance components (precipitation, evaporation, zonal and meridional advection of moisture) on the territory of Belarus for the cold (October–March) and warm (April–September) seasons have been obtained on the basis of the balance calculations of precipitation recycling and the ERA5 reanalysis data. It has been shown that the precipitation on the territory of Belarus results from westerlies in 77–84% of cases, from southerlies in 14–20% of cases, and from local evaporation in 2–4% of cases. Annual total precipitation exceeds annual evaporation by 18–30% (the maximum excess is observed in the north, and the minimum is registered in the southeast). During the warm seasons, there is a negative water balance in entire Belarus: evaporation exceeds precipitation by 8–23%. Over the period of global warming, the annual difference between precipitation and evaporation has decreased by 12–15%. The water balance for the warm season has decreased to negative values at the beginning of the current century due to the activation of summer warming. An increase in the amplitude of the water balance fluctuations has been revealed for the cold season, which indicates strengthening climate extremity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prospects of Using Satellite Data for Determining Water Levels in Large Lakes and Reservoirs: A Case Study for Russian Water Bodies 利用卫星数据确定大型湖泊和水库水位的前景：俄罗斯水体案例研究
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924010011
V. S. Vuglinskii, J. F. Cretaux, A. V. Izmailova, S. I. Gusev, L. S. Kurochkina
{"title":"Prospects of Using Satellite Data for Determining Water Levels in Large Lakes and Reservoirs: A Case Study for Russian Water Bodies","authors":"V. S. Vuglinskii, J. F. Cretaux, A. V. Izmailova, S. I. Gusev, L. S. Kurochkina","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924010011","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Over the past two decades, the volume and quality of information received from satellites to determine the water level of large lakes and reservoirs have significantly increased. At the same time, due to insufficient accuracy, the results of satellite measurements need an adjustment based on the comparison with ground-based observations. The latter not only allow evaluating errors in satellite data, but also serve as a kind of a benchmark for the development and adaptation of the methods of their correction. Such a methodology is being developed for several years jointly by the Laboratory of Space Geophysical and Oceanographic Studies (LEGOS, France) and the State Hydrological Institute. The paper analyzes the causes and sources of errors in satellite and ground data, the techniques for comparing and analyzing long-term series of these data, and the methods for adapting the results of satellite observations in order to improve their accuracy. The directions of further development of satellite altimetry are considered to increase the reliability of satellite data on the water level of inland water bodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experience of Applying the Ice Sheet Model for Predicting Ice Formation Dates in Modern Information Environment: A Case Study for Rivers of Northeastern Siberia 在现代信息环境中应用冰盖模型预测冰层形成日期的经验：西伯利亚东北部河流案例研究
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924010047
M. I. Sil’nitskaya
{"title":"Experience of Applying the Ice Sheet Model for Predicting Ice Formation Dates in Modern Information Environment: A Case Study for Rivers of Northeastern Siberia","authors":"M. I. Sil’nitskaya","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924010047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924010047","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The ice sheet model developed by L.G. Shulyakovskii for calculating ice formation dates on water bodies is presented. A possibility of applying this model for predicting ice formation dates based on the information system of the Hydrometcenter of Russia is shown. The model is implemented in the Automated Operational Data Processing System for the large navigable rivers of northeastern Siberia. Forecast sites at which the morphometric parameters of the model were obtained from long-term observations are distinguished on these rivers. The analysis of the state of the information databases used to automate calculations revealed a possibility to increase the lead time of the forecasts of the ice phenomena onset up to 10 days. The verification of the floating ice formation date forecasts produced using the model in operational mode over 2014–2022 is performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140574152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Applicability of Simulated Precipitation for the Rainfall Flood Forecasting in the Amur Basin 模拟降水量在阿穆尔河流域降雨洪水预报中的适用性
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924010035
E. M. Verbitskaya, S. V. Ageeva, L. V. Gonchukov, S. O. Romanskii
{"title":"Applicability of Simulated Precipitation for the Rainfall Flood Forecasting in the Amur Basin","authors":"E. M. Verbitskaya, S. V. Ageeva, L. V. Gonchukov, S. O. Romanskii","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924010035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924010035","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The studies of the applicability of simulated precipitation in hydrological calculations and forecasts are presented on the example of the Amur basin rivers. It is shown that the use of simulated precipitation has a positive effect on forecasting rainfall floods in case of a sparse observational network. There is an especially noticeable lack of hydrological and precipitation data on the catchments of the Amur right-bank tributaries located in China (the Songhua River and its tributaries), whose runoff is a significant contributor to the water balance of the Middle and Lower Amur. It is revealed that the catchment-averaged fluctuations in simulated 5-day total precipitation above and below a certain threshold are linked to the temporal variations in water levels at the outlets of the Amur partial catchments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"2011 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140603095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of the Methods for Hydrometric Computation and Coordination of Streamflow 制定水文计算方法和协调河流流量的方法
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924010059
Yu. V. Iz’yurova, T. I. Yakovleva
{"title":"Development of the Methods for Hydrometric Computation and Coordination of Streamflow","authors":"Yu. V. Iz’yurova, T. I. Yakovleva","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924010059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924010059","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The paper provides an overview of the methods for hydrometric streamflow computation in the regime and real-time variants developed at the State Hydrological Institute and intended for inclusion in the technologies for automated processing and generalization of hydrological observations, which were included in the Roshydromet regulatory documents put into effect in 2017–2022. The results of further development of the methodological basis for water discharge calculations in the conditions of variable backwater are given on the example of the reach of the Ob River from Barnaul to Kamen-on-Ob. To control the reliability of streamflow computation at gauging sections, it is proposed to use the computation and analysis of dynamic (short-term) channel water balances as the most effective tool. The effectiveness of using the improved methods for streamflow computation and coordination is shown through examples.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transition Period in the Transformation of the Catchment Moisture Circulation System (according to the Data of the Kamennaya Step’ Water Balance Station) 集水区水分循环系统转变的过渡时期（根据卡门纳亚阶梯水量平衡站的数据）
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924010023
A. S. Zhuravin, E. V. Gurevich, M. L. Markov
{"title":"Transition Period in the Transformation of the Catchment Moisture Circulation System (according to the Data of the Kamennaya Step’ Water Balance Station)","authors":"A. S. Zhuravin, E. V. Gurevich, M. L. Markov","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924010023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924010023","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The aspects of adaptating the moisture circulation system at the catchments of small watercourses to climate change based on the observational data from the Kamennaya Step’ water balance station are considered. It is demonstrated that the transformation of the moisture circulation system results from the changes in the balance between the groundwater recharge and leakage with a decrease in the contribution of cryogenic factors to the river basin water regime formation. It is suggested that the transition period in the moisture circulation restructuring in river basins can be divided into two periods: with predomination of groundwater recharge and with predomination of its leakage. The length of the transformation phase in the steppe zone depending on the cryogenic factor is about 40 years. The final stabilization of the hydrological regime will depend on setting the groundwater balance under the specific hydrogeological conditions and anthropogenic load.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydrological Consequences of Typhoon Hinnamnor in Primorsky Krai in September 2022 2022 年 9 月台风 "肉桂 "对滨海边疆区的水文影响
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学
Russian Meteorology and Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3103/s1068373924010102
D. I. Shkolnyi, E. I. Bakhareva, V. A. Semakov, D. K. Shkolnaya, D. A. Yatsumira
{"title":"Hydrological Consequences of Typhoon Hinnamnor in Primorsky Krai in September 2022","authors":"D. I. Shkolnyi, E. I. Bakhareva, V. A. Semakov, D. K. Shkolnaya, D. A. Yatsumira","doi":"10.3103/s1068373924010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068373924010102","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The features of precipitation and its spatial distribution over the territory of the Primorsky krai during the passage of Typhoon Hinnamnor (September 4–7, 2022), as well as the characteristics of the flood caused by the typhoon, are studied based on ground observational data and the ERA5-Land reanalysis. A list of the settlements affected by the flood and an assessment of the impact of the disaster on transport infrastructure are given. The relationship between the precipitation maxima and the movement of storm cells is shown. Deformations were recorded for 30% of the length of the Primorsky krai river channels as a result of the typhoon passage. The relationship among the changes in the channels, spatial characteristics of precipitation (including their intensity) and the slope of the catchment were determined. Areas of extreme channel deformations (including mudflows) and their magnitudes on rivers of different scales are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":49581,"journal":{"name":"Russian Meteorology and Hydrology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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