Science & Justice最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Quantification of smokeless powder (SLP) additives on hands after direct handling of bulk samples via a filter-and-shoot method” [Sci. Justice (2025) 101262]","authors":"Troy Standley , Carissa Putruele , Gwladys Lambert , Corin Kelly , Jana Liechti , Zara Redshaw , Nadia T. Stephaniuk , Nathalie Mai , Matteo D. Gallidabino","doi":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 101282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BM1: Events Guide","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1355-0306(25)00112-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1355-0306(25)00112-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 101328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Please mind the gap: A taxonomy for addressing the issue of linking person, account and device","authors":"Hannes Spichiger","doi":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Courts throughout several jurisdictions have dismissed cases on the basis that the link between a device or account and the accused person had not sufficiently been established. This core challenge of digital forensic science is named here the “Person-Device Gap” or the “Person-Account Gap” respectively. The gap illustrates the challenge of linking a person to a specific account or device, either in general or at the moment of interest. This article aims to explain this problem through modelling relevant identities and explains traces that have the potential to bridge the gap.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 101314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the ACE-V latent fingerprint examination process in the Indonesian National Police","authors":"Saesario Putra ,&nbsp;Ruth M. Morgan ,&nbsp;Sherry Nakhaeizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the implementation of ACE-V (Analysis, Comparison, Evaluation, and Verification) as the standard protocol for fingerprint examination in the Identification Centre of the Indonesian National Police. An online questionnaire-based survey was developed, and 71 Indonesian fingerprint examiners participated. The results showed significant variation in the sequential steps used during the examination process, suggesting the value of exploring more standardized procedures and improving transparency. The findings revealed considerable disparities in compliance with the ACE-V, with each participant adhering to a different sequence of processes during the examination. Several significant deviations from the ACE-V standard protocol were also identified. These included apparent oversights in the examination of discrepancies between the fingermark and reference print, the failure to assess the adequacy of the reference print, and the omission of analysis of distortion in the fingermark.</div><div>An absence of consensus was noted among examiners in this study when assessing suitability of fingermarks of moderate quality, which is consistent with the findings of other published studies. The data also indicate that the fingerprint examiner participants adjusted their confidence levels regarding the presence of minutiae in a fingermark after scrutinizing the reference print. These findings indicate the importance of improving detailed documentation of minutiae annotation during the analysis and comparison phase. It is suggested that to ensure that examiners are equipped with a comprehensive understanding of friction ridge skin characteristics and incorporating approaches to ensure the transparency and consistency of the examination process, current training and agency certification processes should be considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 101316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prelim 3: Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1355-0306(25)00110-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1355-0306(25)00110-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 101326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing underrepresented homicide and climate data in forensic science: The case for new human taphonomy facilities in tropical regions","authors":"Sofia Vráblová ,&nbsp;Vasiliki Louka","doi":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review explores the geographical distribution of human taphonomy facilities (HTFs) in connection to climate and homicide rates from the 50 most impacted cities worldwide. Existing HTFs depict temperate climates, omitting tropical and arid areas. This underrepresentation impairs accurate post-mortem interval (PMI) estimates and limits the applicability of findings to global contexts.</div><div>A comprehensive review of the status quo and research in existing HTFs and an analysis of climate data were conducted, including their climate classifications, annual temperatures, and precipitation. This was compared with climate data of the 50 cities with the highest homicide rates. Homicides are the most commonly encountered context for which the estimation of PMI is crucial and has close connection to research conducted in HTFs. Several of these cities (54%) are in tropical climates, and 10% are in arid climates, both lacking adequate representation in taphonomic research.</div><div>To narrow down a list of suitable locations for future HTFs to address the gap, the analysis examines average annual temperature and rainfall. A notable lack of taphonomy studies in regions with high temperatures and significant rainfall was identified. Consequently, this review highlights five cities in South and Southeast Asia—Colombo, Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Mumbai, and Singapore—as optimal locations for establishing new HTFs based on high average annual temperatures (26–30 degrees Celsius) and substantial annual precipitation (over 2,000 mm). These represent model conditions for studying the rapid decomposition processes typical of tropical climates.</div><div>The status of the suggested cities and their suitability for the establishment of a new HTF was discussed and compared with the existing taphonomic facilities in North America, Europe and Australia. Regional, cultural and legal implications were considered as well as available frameworks for body donations in the countries and cities of choice. The establishment of a potential HTF in one of the selected cities and countries would promote the development of taphonomic research in these areas, contribute with new climate datasets and address existing casework problems in these areas and neighbouring countries. By expanding research to include a variety of climate types, it would be possible to develop accurate and region-specific PMI estimation models and improve the reliability of forensic investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 101299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IFC: Editorial Board and IFC: Aims and Scope","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1355-0306(25)00070-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1355-0306(25)00070-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 4","pages":"Article 101286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic biomarker discovery: Utilising metabolomics to elucidate prospective fatigue biomarkers for eventual roadside detection","authors":"Aaron Hamilton ,&nbsp;Luke Whiley ,&nbsp;Maria Kadyrov ,&nbsp;Brendan Chapman","doi":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Approximately 20% of road fatalities can be attributed to driver fatigue; however, there are relatively few options available for police to specifically address this danger. Salivary biomarkers are a promising solution as saliva collection is non-invasive, quick, and easy to perform in roadside settings. Metabolomics is emerging as a useful tool for biomarker detection because it allows for the comprehensive profiling of small molecules, providing insights into subtle biochemical changes that may be 8associated with fatigue. This pilot study aims to explore the potential of metabolomic approaches in discovering fatigue biomarkers in saliva.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Saliva samples were collected from participants (n = 12) at baseline (well-rested) and following sleep deprivation. Participants also provided subjective ratings of perceived fatigue and cognitive inhibition was assessed via the three-minute psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). Saliva samples were analysed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. 1H NMR data was interrogated using multivariate (O-PLS) and univariate (Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman’s Correlation) analyses to identify metabolites associated with fatigue.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>O-PLS identified seven metabolites as potential biomarkers of fatigue, but only scyllo-inositol reached statistical significance when interrogated univariately. No significant correlation was observed between PVT scores and self-reported fatigue, raising questions about the validity of specifically the three-minute PVT, compared to either the five or ten-minute variety, as a measure of cognitive inhibition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This pilot study highlights scyllo-inositol as a potential salivary biomarker for fatigue, but further validation in larger cohorts is necessary. Additionally, recommendations are made for improving similar research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 4","pages":"Article 101278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of smokeless powder (SLP) additives on hands after direct handling of bulk samples via a filter-and-shoot method","authors":"Troy Standley ,&nbsp;Carissa Putruele ,&nbsp;Gwladys Lambert ,&nbsp;Corin Kelly ,&nbsp;Jana M. Liechti ,&nbsp;Zara Redshaw ,&nbsp;Nadia T. Stephaniuk ,&nbsp;Nathalie Mai ,&nbsp;Matteo D. Gallidabino","doi":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smokeless powders (SLPs) are easily available energetic materials that are often used in the construction of improvised explosive devices. Following a bombing incident, hand swabs are routinely collected from persons of interest (POIs) to assess potential SLP handling. However, the evidential significance of analytical findings remains difficult to assign due to the lack of systematic data on residue transfer. This study aimed to address this gap by determining the quantities transferred to hands (<em>q_T</em>) of three common SLP additives – diphenylamine (DPA), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and ethyl centralite (EC) – following direct handling of bulk samples, with the specific goal of enabling the estimation of expected <em>q_T</em> ranges on a POI’s hands under the hypothesis that they had handled SLP. A streamlined filter-and-shoot method was developed for residue collection and analysis, allowing direct chromatographic analysis without preconcentration steps. The results showed that <em>q_T</em> values typically ranged from the high nanogram to low microgram level, with DBP exhibiting the highest values and EC the lowest, mirroring their relative concentrations in the SLP formulations. The total mass of SLP handled (<em>M_SLP</em>) and the handler variability (<em>H_ID</em>) were identified as significant factors influencing <em>q_T</em>, whereas the type of SLP (<em>T_SLP</em>) had a much weaker effect. Notably, a strong linear dependence between <em>q_T</em> and <em>M_SLP</em> was observed for all the three compounds. Based on these findings, regression models were developed to estimate expected <em>q_T</em> ranges (including means and standard deviations) at different <em>M_SLP</em> values, providing a practical tool to refine interpretation where information on the amount of SLP handled is available. By establishing empirical data on SLP residue transfer, this study fills a critical knowledge gap in the literature, enhancing the ability to assess the significance of forensic findings and ultimately contributing to more robust interpretations in cases involving suspected SLP handling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 4","pages":"Article 101262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do future police officers want to pursue a crime scene examiner career? Exploring stability and change in police recruits’ interest in crime scene investigation","authors":"Vincent Mousseau ,&nbsp;Annie Gendron ,&nbsp;Frédéric Ouellet ,&nbsp;Rémi Boivin","doi":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scijus.2025.101281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recruitment of high-calibre crime scene investigation candidates is a complex and important task for police managers. Genuine interest in a crime scene examiner (CSE) position might be a good indicator for recruitment strategies, as research has shown that good fits between vocational interest and work position can lead to better retention, motivation, commitment, job satisfaction and performance. Still, knowledge of the dynamics of interest in a CSE position among the pool of potential candidates remains scarce. Thus, this study uses a longitudinal research design to explore the evolution of 300 police recruits’ interest in a CSE position throughout their police training curriculum. It shows that police recruits’ interest in such a position is notably lower than their interest in other police roles. Findings also suggest that for many recruits, interest in a CSE position tends to decline over the course of their training, varying by gender, initial level of interest for the job, and the evolution of interest in other police functions. Accordingly, this research calls for further studies on police officers’ aspirations to pursue a CSE career and advises caution in using genuine interests as a recruitment indicator, as a candidate’s interest at a given moment may not reliably predict their long-term work orientation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49565,"journal":{"name":"Science & Justice","volume":"65 4","pages":"Article 101281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}