Science of Computer Programming最新文献_第5页

Certified control for train sign classification 列车标志分类认证控制

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103323

Jan Roßbach, Michael Leuschel

引用次数: 0

Toward a prioritization approach for third-party software library updates 面向第三方软件库更新的优先级方法

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103331

Abdalrahman Aburakhia , Mohammad Alshayeb

{"title":"Toward a prioritization approach for third-party software library updates","authors":"Abdalrahman Aburakhia , Mohammad Alshayeb","doi":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Third-party libraries (TPLs) have been widely used in software development. Recent studies showed that software developers struggle to manage the dependencies between third-party libraries for many reasons, such as unknown update efforts and the lack of awareness about related security issues. To overcome these limitations, in this paper, we propose a TPL update prioritization approach, which provides valuable insights for mobile app developers to help improve the decision-making process. We investigate mobile app developers’ behavior while updating TPLs through a survey with 39 practitioners. The results clearly show the need for a prioritization approach. To gain more insight into TPL, we propose five TPL categories (Compatibility, Accessibility, Maintenance, Business Value, and Security) and propose metrics to measure the related factors of each category. We utilize the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) methods to rank the libraries for the update and automate the approach via a chatbot. We conducted a case study with 7 participants. Most participants (82 %) found the bot’s results useful; moreover, the bot can save software developers around 4 min per task, with an average of 18 s per task compared to 243 s by the baseline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49561,"journal":{"name":"Science of Computer Programming","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 103331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Your AI is impressive, but my code does not have any bugs” managing false positives in industrial contexts “你的人工智能令人印象深刻，但我的代码没有任何漏洞”，在工业环境中管理误报

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103320

Szymon Stradowski , Lech Madeyski

引用次数: 0

Selected papers from the Rigorous State-Based Methods, 7th International Conference, ABZ 2023, Nancy, France, May 30–June 2, 2023 论文选自《严格的基于状态的方法》，第七届国际会议，ABZ 2023, Nancy, France， 2023年5月30日至6月2日

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103321

Dominique Méry, Rosemary Monahan

引用次数: 0

Investigating quality aspects for UX evaluation of IoT-based applications in smart cities: A literature review 研究智能城市中基于物联网应用的用户体验评估的质量方面：文献综述

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103319

Joelma Choma, Luciana Zaina

{"title":"Investigating quality aspects for UX evaluation of IoT-based applications in smart cities: A literature review","authors":"Joelma Choma, Luciana Zaina","doi":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Internet of Things (IoT) has increasingly gained prominence in developing smart cities. IoT technologies are essential resources to make smart cities more efficient and sustainable. Recent research in Software Engineering (SE) has investigated the characteristics of IoT systems and the most appropriate approaches to their design and development. The development of systems based on IoT technologies enables a continuous flow of communication in the context of a smart city by allowing different systems to interact and adjust automatically to optimize the city's operation. In an urban environment, IoT connects a vast network of devices such as environmental sensors, public transportation systems, smart traffic lights, security cameras, and more. These characteristics make these applications complex and difficult to evaluate, particularly regarding User Experience (UX) design. Recently, we performed a rapid systematic review to examine the methods and practices commonly employed for evaluating the UX in these scenarios. In our previous work, we analyzed 43 studies covering different types of IoT-based applications and areas of smart cities. In this study, we extend our analysis by exploring which quality aspects have been considered for UX evaluation and categorizing the typical applications evaluated. Our findings revealed the need for more appropriate UX instruments to assess quality aspects that consider specific features of non-traditional interfaces (e.g., haptics, gesture, speech) and smart technologies within specific interaction contexts (e.g., smart environments based on ubiquitous computing). These instruments can be expanded from established guidelines or developed from scratch as long as they are validated in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49561,"journal":{"name":"Science of Computer Programming","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 103319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing MoWebA's adaptability across architectures 分析MoWebA跨架构的适应性

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103318

Magalí González, Luca Cernuzzi

{"title":"Analyzing MoWebA's adaptability across architectures","authors":"Magalí González, Luca Cernuzzi","doi":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Specifying architectural properties is still an open issue for Model Driven Web Engineering to address portability, adaptability, and evolution. Several Model-Driven Web methods and methodologies consider extensions that enrich the Platform Independent Model (PIM) or the Platform Specific Model (PSM) to include elements of a particular platform or architecture. However, the degree of independence of the model is critical to achieving adaptability and evolution. Therefore, some authors have proposed a new layer called an Architecture Specific Model (ASM) to model architectural properties. Some evidence suggests that adopting ASM as an intermediate stage between PIM and PSM is a way to facilitate the evolution of web system. This paper focuses on the Architecture Specific Model (ASM) of MoWebA (Model Oriented Web Approach), and analyzes its impact on adaptability across different architectural styles. A case study is presented to validate this issue by extending MoWebA to three different architectures. In such extensions, we analyze the degree of adaptability of MoWebA and the automation of PIM-ASM, as well as the degree of independence of the PIM metamodel. In addition, through three types of questionnaire and other quantitative data, the study analyzes user satisfaction with the adoption of MoWebA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49561,"journal":{"name":"Science of Computer Programming","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 103318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing non-commutativity of reduce functions with multi-column inputs 测试多列输入约简函数的非交换性

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103317

Xiangyu Mu , Xuan Zhang , Chenlu Zhu , Ning Li , Peng Zhang , Lei Liu

{"title":"Testing non-commutativity of reduce functions with multi-column inputs","authors":"Xiangyu Mu , Xuan Zhang , Chenlu Zhu , Ning Li , Peng Zhang , Lei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous development of the MapReduce programming model, it is necessary to ensure the reliability of MapReduce programs. In practice, the non-commutativity of Reduce functions seriously affects the reliability of the MapReduce program, which is difficult to debug and even causes errors. Current researches on the non-commutability detection of Reduce function consider the case that the input value is a single attribute. However, such researches ignore the situation where inputs to most reduce functions in practical applications consist of multiple columns (such as a table). To test the commutativity of reduce functions where each input record may contain several input attributes, a new testing method is proposed. This approach uses symbolic execution tools to help generate a few input records, and breaks their data dependencies to generate an original test case t<sub>0</sub>, with a dynamic program slicing technique to lessen the scale of t<sub>0</sub>. And the ultimate test suite is consisted of different permutations of records in t<sub>0</sub>. In the end, experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our testing method and that the permutation method Gm is helpful to reduce its complexity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49561,"journal":{"name":"Science of Computer Programming","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 103317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formal specification and SMT verification of quantized neural network for autonomous vehicles 用于自动驾驶汽车的量化神经网络的形式化规范和 SMT 验证

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103316

Wahiba Bachiri , Yassamine Seladji , Pierre-Loïc Garoche

{"title":"Formal specification and SMT verification of quantized neural network for autonomous vehicles","authors":"Wahiba Bachiri , Yassamine Seladji , Pierre-Loïc Garoche","doi":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complexity of Autonomous Vehicles imposes significant challenges to their formal specification and verification, especially when incorporating AI controllers based on quantized neural networks (QNNs), which use fixed-point arithmetic to accommodate the limited computational capabilities of embedded systems. Despite the advantages of QNNs, verification of these networks, whether using integers or bit vectors, has proven to be <span>PSPACE</span>-hard.</div><div>Our approach focuses on exhaustively verifying abstract scenarios expressed as Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) proof objectives. We propose a formal verification method for QNNs that involves analyzing a rational approximation of the network with perturbations to ensure that the output sets of the perturbed rational neural network include those of both the QNN and its rational neural network approximation.</div><div>The distance between these output sets is computed using the <em>p</em>-norm. To evaluate our methodology, we used the <span>Highway-env</span> autonomous vehicle simulator and z3 SMT solver.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49561,"journal":{"name":"Science of Computer Programming","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 103316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A mechanized semantics for component-based systems in the HAMR AADL runtime HAMR AADL运行时中基于组件的系统的机械化语义

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103312

Stefan Hallerstede , John Hatcliff

{"title":"A mechanized semantics for component-based systems in the HAMR AADL runtime","authors":"Stefan Hallerstede , John Hatcliff","doi":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many visions for model-driven component-based development emphasize models as the “single source of truth” by which different forms of analysis, specification, verification, and code generation are integrated. Such visions depend strongly on a clear modeling language semantics that provides different tools and stakeholders with a common understanding of a model's meaning. In this paper, we report on a mechanization in the Isabelle theorem prover of a formal semantics for key aspects of the SAE standard AADL modeling language. A primary goal of this semantics is to support component-oriented contract specification and verification as well as code generation implemented in the HAMR AADL model-driven development tool chain. We provide formal definitions of run-time system state, execution steps, reachable states, and property verification. Use of the mechanization for real-world applications is supported by automated HAMR translation from AADL models into the Isabelle specifications. In addition to general verification support, we define well-formedness properties and associated proofs for models, system states, and traces that are automatically proven for HAMR-generated Isabelle models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49561,"journal":{"name":"Science of Computer Programming","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 103312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A provably safe controller for the needle-steering problem using online strategy synthesis 基于在线策略综合的可证明的针转向问题安全控制器

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.scico.2025.103314

Sascha Lehmann , Antje Rogalla , Maximilian Neidhardt , Alexander Schlaefer , Sibylle Schupp

{"title":"A provably safe controller for the needle-steering problem using online strategy synthesis","authors":"Sascha Lehmann , Antje Rogalla , Maximilian Neidhardt , Alexander Schlaefer , Sibylle Schupp","doi":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scico.2025.103314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autonomous systems often address complex planning problems, which require both prospective action planning and retrospective data evaluation. Timed games could aid since they automatically synthesize strategies that, provably correct, solve those planning problems; yet, they assume a static model of the environment, which is not realistic for autonomous systems. However, many autonomous systems are control applications, which employ sensors that capture system behavior at run time and can thus compensate for incomplete knowledge at modeling time. In this paper, we propose an <em>online strategy synthesis</em>, which, based on offline strategy synthesis on the one hand and on sensor information about the current state of the physical world on the other hand, derives formal safety guarantees while reacting and adapting to environment changes. We formalize the needle-steering problem from medical robotics, i.e., the problem of navigating a (flexible and beveled) needle through partially unknown tissue towards a target without damaging its surroundings, by interpreting it as a timed game. Further, we introduce a new representation of its environment through different region types that determine the acceptance of action plans and trigger local correcting actions. We present an algorithm for online strategy synthesis and, for the given region representation, formally prove that it returns safe online controllers. The algorithm is implemented on top of Uppaal Stratego. For two medical applications of needle steering, <em>peridural anesthesia</em> and <em>predefined needle trajectory</em>, we demonstrate the necessity of online adjustments in a series of simulations with various degrees of initial knowledge about the environment, and show that the overhead of online synthesis remains practical.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49561,"journal":{"name":"Science of Computer Programming","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 103314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0