Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine最新文献_第4页

Artificial intelligence in neonatal hemodynamics: Cerebral autoregulation 新生儿血流动力学中的人工智能：大脑自动调节。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101686

Piyawat Arichai , Tai-Wei Wu , Istvan Seri , Shahab Noori

引用次数: 0

Central line-associated blood stream infections in newborns: From vulnerability to prevention 新生儿中央静脉相关血流感染：从易感性到预防。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101665

Varvara Dimopoulou , Kirsten Glaser , Eric Giannoni

{"title":"Central line-associated blood stream infections in newborns: From vulnerability to prevention","authors":"Varvara Dimopoulou , Kirsten Glaser , Eric Giannoni","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Newborns, especially preterm infants, are vulnerable to invasive infections due to their developing immune system and frequent need for central venous catheters. Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are among the most common invasive infections in this population and represent the leading cause of neonatal bloodstream infection in many settings. Neonatal CLABSI is associated with substantial mortality, long-term morbidity, and increased healthcare costs. Most importantly, CLABSI is preventable. Bundles centered on rigorous hand hygiene combined with standardized practices for catheter insertion, maintenance and removal have proven effective in reducing infection rates in neonates. Benchmarking and quality improvement initiatives enable neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to track progress and share best practices. While no novel prevention strategies with robust evidence have emerged, sustained declines in CLABSI rates in many NICUs and networks over the past decades highlight the importance of a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to implement and maintain best practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 101665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Respiratory syncytial virus. What's new in prevention? 呼吸道合胞病毒。预防方面有什么新进展？

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101667

Nestor E. Vain , Paolo Manzoni , Kee Thai Yeo

引用次数: 0

Probiotic supplementation – does it prevent or cause neonatal sepsis? 益生菌补充-它是预防还是导致新生儿败血症？

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101668

Nicholas D. Embleton , Chris H.P. van den Akker , Belal N. Alshaikh

{"title":"Probiotic supplementation – does it prevent or cause neonatal sepsis?","authors":"Nicholas D. Embleton , Chris H.P. van den Akker , Belal N. Alshaikh","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Probiotic supplementation in preterm infants is one of the most extensively studied interventions in neonatal medicine, with over 50 randomised controlled trials. This paper examines the relationship between probiotic supplementation and late onset sepsis (LOS), considering mechanistic pathways, clinical evidence, and safety profile.</div><div>Multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses consistently show that probiotics reduce necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) incidence and all-cause mortality in preterm infants, establishing them as one of the most beneficial interventions in neonatology. Current evidence suggests modest effects on LOS, with Cochrane systematic reviews reporting relative risk 0.89 (95 % CI 0.82–0.97) but with low certainty. Mechanisms supporting LOS reduction include competitive pathogen exclusion, enhanced epithelial barrier function, improved immune responses, and reduced time to full enteral feeding with decreased intravenous access requirements.</div><div>The safety profile of probiotics is reassuring, with serious adverse events being exceptionally rare. Probiotic-induced sepsis probably occurs in less than 0.5 % of treated infants, representing a very low risk that must be weighed against the likely substantial benefits for NEC and mortality reduction. Product contamination and other quality issues exist but appear manageable with appropriate quality control.</div><div>Given the robust evidence for NEC and mortality reduction, probiotics represent a valuable intervention for preterm infants but may have limited, if any impact on sepsis. While their specific role in LOS prevention and impacts on the resistome requires further investigation, the overall benefit-risk profile strongly favors their use. Future research will further refine understanding of optimal strain selection and implementation strategies for maximizing clinical benefits while maintaining safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 101668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancements and potential in the prevention of congenital CMV infection 预防先天性巨细胞病毒感染的进展和潜力。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101662

Yarlini Vipulanandan, Suresh Boppana, Karen B. Fowler, David W. Kimberlin

引用次数: 0

The role of parents to prevent infections in the neonatal intensive care unit 父母在新生儿重症监护病房预防感染中的作用。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101669

Isabelle Ommert , Caroline-Aleksi Mägi , Siri Lilliesköld , Ylva Thernström Blomqvist , Anna Axelin , Agnes Linnér

引用次数: 0

Antibiotic stewardship in the neonatal intensive care unit and prevention of antimicrobial resistance 新生儿重症监护病房的抗生素管理和抗菌素耐药性的预防。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101666

Ashraf Kharrat , Najla Tabbara , Prakesh S. Shah

引用次数: 0

Herpes simplex virus – state of the art of prevention and treatment 单纯疱疹病毒——预防和治疗的最新进展。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101664

Kia Hee Schultz Dungu , Emma Louise Malchau Carlsen , Olav Bjørn Petersen , Nadja Hawwa Vissing , Ulrikka Nygaard

引用次数: 0

Neonatal skin: barrier, immunity and infection prevention in the NICU 新生儿皮肤：新生儿重症监护病房的屏障、免疫和感染预防。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101681

Tobias Strunk , Jakob Steer , Andrew Currie

引用次数: 0

Antifungal prophylaxis-Where are we today? 抗真菌预防——我们今天在哪里？

IF 2.8 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101682

David A. Kaufman

{"title":"Antifungal prophylaxis-Where are we today?","authors":"David A. Kaufman","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the past decades more infants of lower gestational ages (GAs) have developed invasive <em>Candida</em> infection (ICI) from nonmodifiable risk factors of immature immunity and underdeveloped immune barriers (skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts). Rates of ICI vary secondary to modifiable clinical practices, resuscitation practices and the nonmodifiable factor of the number of infants cared for at the lowest GAs of 22–24 weeks. Standardization of ICI definitions and reporting by each GA are needed to optimally elucidate actual rates, outcomes and differences across units, countries and regions. In extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1000 g at birth) infants with ICI, mortality and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) have remained high despite appropriate antifungal therapy and (if candidemia) prompt removal of central venous catheters (CVC). Targeted fluconazole prophylaxis (3 or 6 mg/kg) twice a week in high-risk ELBW infants has been shown to be effective in preventing ICI and is safe without the emergence of azole resistance. Compared to nystatin, fluconazole prophylaxis for ELBW infants is more effective in preventing ICI and since it can be given intravenously, it is not dependent on enteral feeding status. Risk factors (e.g., receiving treatment with antibiotics or parenteral nutrition, presence of a CVC, vaginal delivery) can be used to both identify high-risk patients and define the time period when antifungal prophylaxis is beneficial. Independently of GA, high-risk infants also include those receiving third and fourth generation cephalosporins or carbapenems and those with complex gastrointestinal conditions (e.g. necrotizing enterocolitis, bowel perforation, gastroschisis).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 101682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0