Adam Cheng, Walter Eppich, Aaron Calhoun, Michaela Kolbe, David Kessler, Ryan Brydges, Janice Palaganas, Marc Auerbach, Gabriel Reedy
{"title":"Application of the METRICS Framework to Build Programs of Healthcare Simulation Research.","authors":"Adam Cheng, Walter Eppich, Aaron Calhoun, Michaela Kolbe, David Kessler, Ryan Brydges, Janice Palaganas, Marc Auerbach, Gabriel Reedy","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary statement: </strong>The evidence base supporting the adoption of simulation in health care has not kept pace with the rapid growth of the field. Although there is a growing body of research in health care simulation, many published studies describe small-scaled, underpowered projects with insufficient methodological rigor to inform our understanding of simulation. This problem is indicative of a larger challenge: the lack of focused, cohesive programs of research designed to advance the science of simulation. The METRICS framework is a model of scholarship that categorizes scholarship into 7 intersecting domains: Metascholarship, Evaluation, Translation, Research, Innovation, Conceptual, and Synthesis. In this article, we aim to explore how the METRICS framework can serve as a roadmap for researchers to develop cohesive simulation research programs. We also describe how the METRICS framework applies to existing institutional and network-based programs of health care simulation research and discuss future implications for the global health care simulation community.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashley E Franklin, S Barry Issenberg, Beth A Rogers, Teresa Gore, Jared Kutzin
{"title":"Future of Biometric Technology in Healthcare Simulation.","authors":"Ashley E Franklin, S Barry Issenberg, Beth A Rogers, Teresa Gore, Jared Kutzin","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary statement: </strong>Biometric technology shows substantial promise to enhance patient safety and transform provider training. In patient care, biometric technology enables outpatient providers to optimize chronic disease by alerting providers to changes in patient conditions with real-time data. In provider training, biometric technology can inform training environments and curriculum. Certainly, there are hurdles to technology implementation including hardware fragility, cost, and software integration. Despite challenges, biometric technology has been effectively implemented in simulations and real patient settings.Looking forward, future developments focused on data security and privacy, standardizing data collection, and improving system compatibility will facilitate the wider adoption of biometric technology and improve health care quality, especially in resource-limited settings. Collaborative efforts among informatics experts, patient safety advocates, and health care providers are essential to overcome challenges and fully leverage biometric technology's potential in enhancing patient outcomes. The purpose of this commentary is to review current applications, identify key challenges, and offer recommendations to the simulation community for testing biometric technology, use in training programs, and facilitating systems integration to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra Jaramillo-Rincón, Aldo Beltran-Perez, María A Nieto, Ricardo A Peña-Silva, Juliana Galán-Giraldo
{"title":"The Role of Standardized Learners in the Acquisition of Teaching Skills Among Residents.","authors":"Sandra Jaramillo-Rincón, Aldo Beltran-Perez, María A Nieto, Ricardo A Peña-Silva, Juliana Galán-Giraldo","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical residents play a crucial role in educating other healthcare professionals; however, formal training programs to develop teaching skills remain limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a \"residents as teachers\" course incorporating standardized learners (SLs) to enhance teaching competencies among clinical residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single group pre-post intervention study was conducted with 38 second-year residents participating in the course between 2020 and 2023. Residents completed pre- and post-course assessments based on teaching entrustable professional activities (TEPAs). In addition, 26 residents completed a survey evaluating their perceptions of using SLs as a teaching and evaluation tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Residents in the 2023 study group showed notable improvements in most teaching competencies after the course. Median scores increased significantly in TEPA 01, 02, 03, 05, 06, and 08 (P < 0.05), while no significant changes were observed in TEPA 07, and a decrease was noted in TEPA 04. Boxplot analysis indicated not only performance gains but also greater consistency among residents after training. In addition, 92% of participants rated SLs as highly useful for developing teaching skills, supporting their use across various educational contexts such as student engagement, classroom teaching, and feedback delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrating SLs into resident training programs offers a highly accepted and effective strategy to strengthen teaching competencies and boost resident confidence in educational roles. Future studies should explore the long-term impact of SL-based training on residents' teaching practices and student learning outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Karam, Moath Baeshen, Tsz Hin Alexander Lau, Lojain Jamal, Khaldon Abbas, Marcele Falcao, Guillermo Rocha
{"title":"Efficacy of Simulation-Based Learning for Direct and Indirect Ophthalmoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Karam, Moath Baeshen, Tsz Hin Alexander Lau, Lojain Jamal, Khaldon Abbas, Marcele Falcao, Guillermo Rocha","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary statement: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of simulation-based training for direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy. The primary outcome was successful fundus identification rate. Secondary outcomes included the simulation favorability rate, posttest results, and perceived benefits. Of the 955 studies identified, 11 studies were included, comprising a total sample of 772 participants. Simulation training improved fundus identification success, with 63.1% of participants correctly identifying fundus structures and demonstrated a high favorability rate, with 75.6% of participants preferring simulation over traditional training methods. Participants also demonstrated improvements in posttest knowledge and technical skills, with enhanced confidence, realism, and ease of learning, underscoring simulation's role in effectively advancing practical ophthalmic skills. Overall, simulation-based training seems effective in enhancing examination skills within simulated settings. These findings support its integration into ophthalmology curricula to enhance training outcomes. Interpretation of fundus identification outcomes should be cautious due to limited study numbers and assessment heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dr. Howard S. Barrows: Innovator of the Standardized Patient and Problem-Based Learning Revolutions in Health Professions Education.","authors":"Cynthia J Mosher","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary statement: </strong>This special article explores the transformative contributions of Dr. Howard S. Barrows to health professions education, focusing on his pioneering development of two seminal methodologies: problem-based learning and standardized patients. Drawing on Barrows's work, educational literature, and the reflections of Gayle Gliva-McConvey, a leading pioneer in standardized patient methodology and close collaborator of Dr. Barrows, this article provides an in-depth historical account of how these innovations reshaped curriculum design, clinical reasoning, and simulation-based assessment. It also discusses the global adoption, theoretical underpinnings, and enduring impact of these learner-centered strategies, which continue to shape health professions education today.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mareeha Zaki, Aimen Mehmood, Huba Atiq, Tahir Munir, Muhammad Ali Asghar, Haroon Khan, Amber Sabeen, Masooma Aqeel, Muhammad Faisal Khan, Muhammad Sohaib, Iffat Khanum, Talha Shahzad, Faheem Shaikh, Ghufran Adnan, Sadaf Hanif, Rubina Barolia, Mehtab Jaffer, Shirin Rahim, Nasreen Rafiq, Zulekha Saleem, Ali Azim Daudpota, Kiran Sami, Ammarah Ghayas, Mohammad Moizul Hassan, Feroza Nazir, Sara Shakil, Syed Kashif Amin, Zainab Samad, Adil Haider, Asad Latif
{"title":"Assessing the Efficacy and Impact of Using a Simulation-Based Approach for Rapid Critical Care Capacity Development at Scale.","authors":"Mareeha Zaki, Aimen Mehmood, Huba Atiq, Tahir Munir, Muhammad Ali Asghar, Haroon Khan, Amber Sabeen, Masooma Aqeel, Muhammad Faisal Khan, Muhammad Sohaib, Iffat Khanum, Talha Shahzad, Faheem Shaikh, Ghufran Adnan, Sadaf Hanif, Rubina Barolia, Mehtab Jaffer, Shirin Rahim, Nasreen Rafiq, Zulekha Saleem, Ali Azim Daudpota, Kiran Sami, Ammarah Ghayas, Mohammad Moizul Hassan, Feroza Nazir, Sara Shakil, Syed Kashif Amin, Zainab Samad, Adil Haider, Asad Latif","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary statement: </strong>In response to the increased COVID-19 cases and staff limitations, the need to enhance critical care capacity was identified by the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH). We designed and delivered a series of in-person simulation-based workshops to rapidly upskill healthcare workers in Pakistan. The primary objective of our workshops was to train healthcare workers across various medical fields to serve as supplemental intensive care unit staff if needed. A total of 19 in-person workshops were organized, targeting physicians, nurses, and allied health workers from across Pakistan. Using high-fidelity medical simulation technology, these workshops provided hands-on exposure and addressed specific learning objectives such as diagnosis and management of COVID-19 patients, shock, arrythmias, respiratory failure, oxygen titration and noninvasive ventilation, mechanical ventilation, critical care pharmacy, interpretation of arterial blood gases, code simulation, prone positioning, central line placement, and video laryngoscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven B Greenberg, Nicholas B Clevenger, Andrew R Locke, John Cram, Kyle Petty, Chi Wang, Mohammed Minhaj
{"title":"Usability and Medication Error Rates of Pneumatic Versus Volumetric Pumps During a Perioperative Cardiac Surgery Simulation: A Prospective Pilot Study.","authors":"Steven B Greenberg, Nicholas B Clevenger, Andrew R Locke, John Cram, Kyle Petty, Chi Wang, Mohammed Minhaj","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study compares 2 commercially available infusion pumps in a simulated cardiac surgical perioperative setting to assess differences in usability, medication errors, and programming workload among experienced and trainee healthcare professionals. Perioperative medications are frequently administered to patients via infusion pumps. Major issues in the perioperative period include medication errors, usability challenges, and workflow inefficiencies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Simulation of a cardiac perioperative setting was used to observe 24 trainee and experienced healthcare professionals. The primary outcome was time to correct completion of each drug infusion task. Participants completed usability and workload surveys after each simulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were comparable with regard to demographics, prior work, and simulation experience. Results showed no significant difference with regard to time to correct completion of each drug infusion task. There was a significant increase in aggregate Systems Usability Scores among anesthesia professionals favoring use of the pneumatic pump. There were no significant differences in either cohort in aggregates score of the NASA Task Load Index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Aggregate System Usability Scoring among anesthesia professionals favored pneumatic pump use. However, there were no differences in time to complete infusion task or in medication errors in each pump group.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interprofessional Co-Debriefing in Simulation-Role Modeling Collaboration: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Laura R Joyce, Maggie Meeks, Susan G Somerville","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000859","DOIUrl":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Effective debriefing is a key element of simulation-based learning, providing an opportunity to facilitate critical reflection and promote constructive conversations, with generalization of the learning experience to real-life health care and collaborative practice. Co-debriefing, meaning a debrief involving more than 1 simulation facilitator, has potential benefits as well as challenges. Interprofessional co-debriefing, where 2 or more members of different professional groups debrief together, has not yet been fully explored in the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative approach was used to explore the benefits and challenges of interprofessional co-debriefing from a simulation faculty perspective. Individual semistructured interviews were recorded and transcribed, with data analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten interviews were conducted with health care professionals in Christchurch, New Zealand, who co-debrief simulation with faculty from other professions. Three major themes were identified: 1. Developing Debriefers-simulation faculty require opportunities to develop interprofessional co-debriefing skills; 2. Teaming and Collaboration-bringing co-debriefing teams together, role modeling interprofessional collaboration; 3. Logistics and Sustainability-top-down institutional/bottom-up champion support is required to overcome logistical barriers of bringing together multiple professional groups . The reported benefits and challenges of interprofessional co-debriefing were linked to these themes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This interprofessional group of simulation debriefers identified a number of benefits to interprofessional co-debriefing, along with several challenges. Debriefers require support to develop as role models of interprofessional collaboration. Peer mentoring and faculty development opportunities, along with consideration of the logistics that make this model of debriefing sustainable are needed for this nascent field of simulation-based education practice to evolve and mature.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Bichmann, Erin E Blanchard, Johannes Wittig, Desmond McEwan, Dylan Cooper, Scott Tannenbaum, Nancy Tofil, Eduardo Salas, Jennifer Weller, Sebastian Schnaubelt, John T Paige, Kasper G Lauridsen
{"title":"Impact of Team Composition on Learning Outcomes Following Simulation-Based Training of Teamwork Competencies: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Anna Bichmann, Erin E Blanchard, Johannes Wittig, Desmond McEwan, Dylan Cooper, Scott Tannenbaum, Nancy Tofil, Eduardo Salas, Jennifer Weller, Sebastian Schnaubelt, John T Paige, Kasper G Lauridsen","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000865","DOIUrl":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of team composition on learning outcomes following simulation-based training of teamwork competencies for healthcare professionals and healthcare students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched Ovid Embase, CINAHL, and OVID Medline from 2011 to July 3, 2023, and included randomized trials and observational studies with a control group. Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies tool. We did not conduct a meta-analysis because of heterogeneity. We evaluated certainty of evidence using GRADE methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We screened 14,309 abstracts and included 11 studies. We found 6 studies investigating uniprofessional (UP) versus multiprofessional (MP) teams, 3 studies investigating team size, 1 study investigating dynamic versus stable teams, and 1 study investigating the effect of gender composition. Studies overall found that team composition may affect team performance. Studies on UP versus MP teams investigated skill acquisition, knowledge acquisition, and self-efficacy, showing no difference between groups or a small benefit of MP team training. The certainty of evidence was very low.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We identified very low certainty evidence, suggesting that team composition affects team performance and MP team training should be considered as opposed to UP team training when providers are expected to work together across professions in clinical practice. Further research is needed to identify the optimal team composition for training of teamwork competencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellen L Duncan, Joanne M Agnant, Selin T Sagalowsky
{"title":"Development of a Tool to Evaluate Emotional Support for Patients and Families During Simulated Pediatric Resuscitations: A Modified Delphi Study.","authors":"Ellen L Duncan, Joanne M Agnant, Selin T Sagalowsky","doi":"10.1097/SIH.0000000000000866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Families overwhelmingly want to be present during pediatric resuscitations, and their presence offers myriad benefits. However, there is little evidence on how to teach and assess key patient- and family-centered communication behaviors. Our objective was to apply a modified Delphi methodology to develop and refine a simulation-based assessment tool focusing on crucial behaviors for healthcare providers providing emotional support to patients and families during pediatric medical resuscitations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified 4 behavioral domains and 14 subdomains through a literature review, focus groups with our institution's Family and Youth Advisory Councils, and adaptation of existing simulation-based communication assessment tools. A panel of 9 national experts conducted rounds of iterative revision and rating of candidate behaviors for inclusion, and we calculated mean approval ratings (1 = Do not include; 2 = Include with modifications; 3 = Include as is) for each subdomain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experts engaged in 5 iterative rounds of revision. None of the candidate behaviors were eliminated, and 1 (\"Option to step out\") was added to the \"Respect and Value\" domain. There was near-perfect consensus on the language of the final tool, with mean approval scores of 3.0 for all but 1 subdomain (\"Introductions\"), which had a mean score of 2.83 for minor grammatical edits; these were incorporated in the final assessment tool.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We created a novel simulation assessment tool based on a literature review, key stakeholder input, and a consensus of national experts through a modified Delphi method. Our final simulation assessment tool is behaviorally anchored, can be completed by a simulated participant or observer, and may serve to educate healthcare teams engaged in pediatric resuscitations regarding patient- and family-centered communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":49517,"journal":{"name":"Simulation in Healthcare-Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}