Surveys in Geophysics最新文献

{"title":"Dynamically Weighted Joint Full Waveform Inversion of Active and Ambient Noise Passive Body-Wave Seismic Data","authors":"Xujia Shang, Liguo Han, Pan Zhang, Donghao Zhang, Wensha Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09951-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-026-09951-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design Considerations for a Future Geospace System Observatory","authors":"Martin G. Mlynczak, Rolando R. Garcia, Jia Yue, Shaylah M. Mutschler, W. Kent Tobiska, Susan Nossal","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09947-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-026-09947-6","url":null,"abstract":"The atmosphere within Earth’s Geospace System, herein taken to be the region from the upper mesosphere (65 km) to the exobase (~ 600 km), is cooling and contracting due to increasing carbon dioxide in its lower regions. These changes will affect many aspects of future orbiting satellite operations in Geospace. Recent assessments place the value of the orbiting-satellite-driven “space economy” at US $1.8 × 10 <jats:sup>12</jats:sup> within a decade. To assess Geospace change in a quantitative way that can facilitate a sustainable space economy, a <jats:italic>Geospace System Observatory</jats:italic> (GSO) is essential. The GSO would generate <jats:italic>Geospace Data Records</jats:italic> (GDRs) from which the rate and long-term extent of Geospace change can be determined with sufficient statistical significance to expedite confident international decisions and agreements regarding satellite and other operations in Geospace. In this paper, we present specific attributes of measurements intended to serve as GDRs. Foremost among these is high absolute accuracy that is driven by the need to limit trend error to a fraction of the anticipated trend magnitude over multiple instruments spanning decades. High accuracy also provides the statistical significance to enable confident decisions and shortens the time required to confidently detect trends. Other GDR aspects (record length; overlap/continuity; SI traceability) are also discussed. Examples of a variety of trend errors from current and past satellite sensors are given as a guide to GSO design requirements. A method for developing Level 1 design requirements for the GSO, used for developing systematic satellite observations for the troposphere, concludes the paper.","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147586616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why is Energetic Particle Precipitation Important for Climate Research and Seasonal Forecasting?","authors":"Hilde Nesse, Timo Asikainen, Margot Decotte, Bernd Funke, V. Lynn Harvey, Jia Jia, Hanli Liu, Huixin Liu, Ville Maliniemi, Noora Partamies, Josephine A. Salice, Antti Salminen, Annika Seppälä, Claudia C. Stephan, Mikhail Vokhmyanin","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09946-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-026-09946-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147536468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Probabilistic Approaches to Acoustic Full-Waveform Inversion in Compressed Model and Data Spaces","authors":"Sean Berti, Fabio Macelloni, Mattia Aleardi, Eusebio Stucchi","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09949-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-026-09949-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147535856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Generation of Bouguer Anomalies on the Geoid Determination: A Case Study in a High-Mountainous Area","authors":"Ramazan Alpay Abbak,&nbsp;Kurt Seitz","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09948-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10712-026-09948-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Different types of gravity anomalies are engaged in geophysical and geodetic tasks. Whether they are used for regional or global applications, they require efficient calculations. All variants are based on the so-called free-air gravity anomalies. Mean free-air gravity anomalies on an equidistant grid are needed for gravity field modeling. Three possible ways of compiling mean free-air gravity anomalies are discussed in detail. One method is via simple Bouguer gravity anomalies, the second, more time-consuming method is via complete Bouguer gravity anomalies, and the third method is via topographic-isostatic reductions, which is a tedious task. In flat areas, the differences between using any of the three methods should not be significant. However, in mountainous regions, each dependency can negatively affect the interpolation process of gravity anomalies. The reduced gravity anomalies should be as smooth as possible in order to minimize the interpolation error which is inherent in the interpolation of the information in the arbitrarily distributed gravity observation points to obtain block average signals. This study investigates the effects of Bouguer and topographic-isostatic reductions on the accuracy of the mean gravity anomalies and the resulting gravimetric geoid model. The numerical results indicate that complete Bouguer approximations improve the accuracy of the geoid model by a few millimeters. Therefore, this method should be used to predict mean gravity anomalies, especially in mountainous regions, in few of the 1 cm geoid determination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"47 2","pages":"449 - 471"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10712-026-09948-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the Uncertainty of the Uncertainty and (Why) Does it Matter? Improving the Uncertainty Estimates of Merged Multi-satellite Soil Moisture Data Sets","authors":"Maud Formanek, Alexander Gruber, Pietro Stradiotti, Wouter Dorigo","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09944-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-026-09944-9","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to improve the uncertainty estimates of soil moisture datasets produced by merging various satellite products via inverse-variance weighting. In this scheme, the weight of each sensor depends on its specific uncertainty derived from Triple Collocation Analysis (TCA). However, the TCA-derived uncertainties are themselves uncertain due to finite sample sizes, introducing a second-order uncertainty we denote the ‘uncertainty of the uncertainty’. Here, we estimate it empirically by bootstrapping and find that it follows a power-law relationship as a function of the number of collocated observations, whose exponent is comparable to the analytical solution for simple error models. Furthermore, we propose an extended scheme that includes the resulting uncertainty of the weights in the uncertainty estimate of the merged dataset. The proposed scheme is tested on soil moisture retrievals from three different satellite sensors, the active Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT), the passive Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP), and the passive Soil Moisture And Ocean Salinity (SMOS) sensors. Comparing the improved uncertainty estimates to skill metrics calculated against the global reanalysis product ERA5-Land confirms that they indeed better describe (spatial) uncertainty variations of the merged soil moisture product against the reference dataset. The findings of this study underscore the necessity of advancing uncertainty quantification methods in satellite-retrieved climate data sets.","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confidently Uncertain: Validating Satellite ECV Measurement Uncertainty Estimates","authors":"Tijl Verhoelst, Adam C. Povey, Alexander Gruber, Claire E. Bulgin, Arno Keppens, Steven Compernolle, Jean-Christopher Lambert","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09939-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-026-09939-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147368025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handling Four Systematic Effects in Three Gravimetric Geoid Determination Methods from a Viewpoint of the Centimetre-Precise Geoid","authors":"R. Goyal,&nbsp;S. J. Claessens","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09940-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10712-026-09940-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past few decades, calculating a cm-precise geoid has been a major pursuit of geodesists. Numerous geoid modelling methods exist because geoid modelling theory was necessarily developed with some assumptions, which are handled differently by respective research groups. In the literature, numerous papers discuss in detail the theory of (aspects of) any one computational method. There are also numerous papers with empirical comparisons between different geoid modelling methods, where differences in excess of 1 cm are typically found. Almost all previous studies simply provide numerical comparisons of final geoid models, but more work is required to find out what causes the discrepancies. This study reviews the similarities and dissimilarities among three different geoid modelling methods: the approach followed at Curtin University of Technology, the Stokes-Helmert method, and the method of Least Squares Modification of Stokes formula with additive corrections. These methods may provide varying solutions due to, including but not limited to, choices of parameters and freely available data (Global Geopotential Models, Digital Elevation Models), kernel modifications, handling of the dataset (gridding, merging, interpolation etc.), etc. However, only the four following aspects are covered in this paper, i.e. the handling of 1) topographic masses, 2) atmospheric masses, 3) the ellipsoidal shape of the Earth, and 4) downward continuation. The major motivation behind this study is that with the pursuit of the cm-precise geoid, different geoid modelling methods should agree with one another within a given threshold because methods differ primarily in handling the discussed four aspects. Therefore, this study reviews these four aspects and compares them to identify the possible causes of discrepancies between the geoid modelling methods. Further, since no numerical comparisons are available on handling these corrections individually in different methods, this paper compares the mathematical formulations and suggests strategies as a roadmap to quantify the identified discrepancies among the methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"47 2","pages":"395 - 448"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147360007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Labels: A Survey of Label-Efficient Deep Learning Techniques in Seismic Exploration","authors":"Ming Li,&nbsp;Peng Xu,&nbsp;Xuesong Yan,&nbsp;Chengyu Hu,&nbsp;Qinghua Wu,&nbsp;Mingliang Hu","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09943-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10712-026-09943-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seismic exploration plays a pivotal role in subsurface characterization and has been greatly promoted by artificial intelligence techniques such as deep learning, yet its reliance on high-quality labeled data poses a significant challenge for conventional supervised learning methods. In recent years, label-efficient deep learning has emerged as a powerful solution to this bottleneck by leveraging unsupervised, self-supervised, semi-supervised, and weakly supervised paradigms. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of these learning paradigms and their growing impact on key stages of the seismic data processing workflow, including preprocessing, imaging and inversion, and geological interpretation. We first outline the theoretical foundations and representative architectures of each paradigm, highlighting their distinct supervision strategies and learning objectives. We then analyze recent advancements in applying label-efficient methods to tasks such as seismic denoising, interpolation, full waveform inversion, facies classification, fault detection, and salt body delineation. By systematically comparing methodologies across application scenarios, we identify their respective advantages, limitations, and domain-specific adaptations. Finally, we discuss the main challenges hindering large-scale deployment, including the lack of standardized benchmarks, difficulty in integrating geophysical constraints, and the interpretability gap, and we also suggest promising directions for future research. This review aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for geoscientists and machine learning practitioners seeking to harness label-efficient deep learning for intelligent and scalable seismic exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"47 2","pages":"359 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147360008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: The Footsteps of Research on Electrical Conductivity Distribution in Volcanically and Seismically Active Japan Arcs: Interpretation from the Perspective of Subduction Dynamics","authors":"Maki Hata","doi":"10.1007/s10712-026-09938-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-026-09938-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49458,"journal":{"name":"Surveys in Geophysics","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147287182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}