The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research最新文献

{"title":"SEXUAL ASSAULTS AND THE PSYCHOSOCIAL MALADJUSTMENT OF ADOLESCENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN CAMEROON","authors":"Shien Vera","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue07-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue07-04","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual assault is a vice that is alarming in secondary schools in Cameroon. It’s a severe crime and call for concern especially in schools due to vulnerability of students. Nowadays, the rate at which adolescent students are involved in sexual assaults is alarming. They engage in physical, sexual and relational victimisation which may have adverse psychosocial effects on the victims. Though they are diverse forms of victimisation among adolescents such as obvert victimisation, relational, property crime and power imbalance, this paper focuses on how sexual assaults (sexual violence, groping, rape, forced virginal or oral penetration,) leads to psychosocial maladjustment among adolescents in secondary schools in Cameroon. Mixed method was used in collecting data. Purposive and stratified sampling techniques were used to select a sample which comprised of adolescent students (577), counsellors (12) and discipline masters (12) from some schools in the North West, South West, Centre, and Adamawa Region (613). The instruments used for data collection were a closed-ended questionnaire for students, a focus group discussion with students, and an interview for counsellors and discipline masters/mistresses. Data obtained were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using cross-tabulations, percentages, and multiple response sets. Findings showed that sexual assaults significantly predict psychosocial maladjustment (P < 0.001). The positive sign of the correlation (R= 0.641**) implied that adolescents are more likely to suffer from psychosocial maladjustments. When there was a persistent occurrence of relational victimisation in the school environment. The findings implies that when there is persistent sexual violence, groping, rape, forced virginal or oral penetration from social groups, the victim turn to suffer from psychosocial maladjustment. In order to reduce the adverse effects of sexual victimisation and promote positive psychosocial maladjustments among adolescent the various stakeholders especially parents, teachers, school administrators, and counsellors should play unique roles in organising forums to advice and counsel the students peer victimisation.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"2 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE CONTRIBUTION OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE TO THE PROGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS","authors":"S.I. Sadikova, N. S. Khodjaeva","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue06-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue06-02","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of insulin resistance syndrome, which encompasses changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, liver-related issues are now being closely examined alongside cardiovascular diseases. Our research aimed to evaluate the predictive importance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) for identifying the likelihood of early atherosclerotic alterations in the carotid arteries. We discovered a connection between NAFLD and initial signs of atherosclerosis. By ranking prognostic factors that affect changes in the carotid artery wall, we've been able to develop a method for estimating individual atherosclerosis risk in people who are otherwise healthy. The practical value of our findings underscores the need for in-depth evaluation of individuals with NAFLD to identify risk factors that may contribute to the advancement of both liver and cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141404998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMBRACING HARMONY IN ONE HEALTH: NAVIGATING ZOONOTIC CHALLENGES AND HUMAN HEALTH SOLUTIONS WORLDWIDE","authors":"Z. Piracha, U. Saeed, Nouman Tariq, Syed Shayan Gilani, Maria Rauf, Hussian Ghyas, Nouman Ahmad Aulakh, Abrisham Akbariansaravi, Aiman Riaz, Ahmad Shareef, Muhammad Ishaque, Huzaifa Khatak, Hafsa Khurshid","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-04","url":null,"abstract":"The One Health paradigm, emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. Recognizing that disruptions in one domain affect others, the study underscores the importance of collaborative efforts across disciplines to address complex health issues. Herein we have highligted the challenges posed by diseases such as Bovine TB, Brucellosis, Q fever, Leptospirosis, rabies, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, and others. The narrative extends to global warming, environmental impacts, and the intricate relationships between climate change, agriculture, and health in low-income countries. 60% of infectious diseases are zoonotic, emphasizing the need for a One Health strategy. One Health initiative in various countries, including the Netherlands, the U.S., Kenya, Thailand, Australia, Norway, and Canada has remained successful. The study delves into the challenges faced by low-income countries, in implementing the One Health approach amidst climate-induced events, floods, and disease outbreaks. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of health education, surveillance, and prevention strategies for mitigating the impact of zoonotic diseases on public health, animal health, and the environment in low-income nations. The complex interplay of environmental changes, agricultural dynamics, and socio-economic factors underscores the need for a comprehensive and transdisciplinary approach to address zoonotic challenges effectively.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARTING IMMUNE DEFENSE: ANALYZING ANTI-SARS-COV-2 SPIKE ANTIBODY LEVELS POST SPUTNIK V VACCINATION IN PAKISTAN","authors":"M. Uppal, Dr. Umar Saeed, R. Uppal, M. R. Uppal, Z. Piracha","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-07","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid ramp up of immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 during pandemic enables adequate prevention and treatment for COVID-19. Estimating levels of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies post vaccination is crucial for designing mass-vaccination strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of Sputnik V first dose in Pakistan. A cross-sectional study of 1000 participants was conducted for examining Gam-COVID-Vac or Sputnik V first dose effects at 21st days post administration at Islamabad Diagnostic Center, Islamabad, Pakistan. From 1000 real-time PCR negative (SARS-CoV-2 RNA) individuals, samples were collected and analyzed for antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) (Elecsys # 09289267190 Roche, USA). 85% of the participants showed strong positive results with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies >1.5 AU/ml. The individuals with antibody titer >250 AU/ml were 34.9%. While participants with >100 AU/ml of antibodies were 12.7%. However 9.5% showed antibody titer of >25 AU/ml. 27% of participants had antibody titers of >1.5-2.5 AU/ml. While antibody titers of <1.5 AU/ml were observed among 15.9% of participants. Majority of the individuals represented significantly strong antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 even before second booster dose of Ad5 based Sputnik V vaccine. Continuous monitoring of antibody levels among COVID-19 vaccinated populations are deemed to assess humoral immunity status against SARS-CoV-2 infections.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DECODING CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLEXITIES IN VIRAL INFECTIONS: COMPREHENSIVE INSIGHTS","authors":"Z. Piracha, Syed Shayan Gilani, Muhammad Nouman Tariq, U. Saeed, Azka Sohail, Umer Ali Abbasi, Abrisham Akbariansaravi, Muhammad Shahmeer Fida Rana, Ayesha Basra, Faizan Faisal, Madeeha Rasool, Misbah Ghazal, Mubeen Ur Rehman, Hussain Ghyas, Mahoor Rehman Gilani","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-05","url":null,"abstract":"The intricate interplay between viral infections and cardiovascular complications has become a focal point of research attention. This period of extensive investigation has uncovered substantial connections between various viruses and cardiovascular diseases, including cytomegalovirus (CMV), coxsackievirus, influenza, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as well as coxsackievirus A and B, enteroviruses, adenovirus, and parvovirus B19. These viruses exert diverse influences on cardiovascular health through multiple pathways, contributing to endothelial dysfunction, causing direct damage to cardiac tissue, and triggering inflammatory responses. The intricate interplay between viral infections and cardiovascular health emphasizes the importance of considering viral pathogens in the context of cardiovascular disease development, clinical management practices, and future research initiatives. This systematic review thoroughly examines the cardiovascular impacts resulting from various viral infections, shedding light on their underlying mechanisms and associated clinical implications. These valuable insights can inform clinical management strategies, preventive measures, and further investigations into the complex connection between viral infections and cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the necessity for ongoing research and vigilance in understanding and managing these pathogen-induced cardiac manifestations.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RISING BURDEN OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) IN PAKISTAN: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON MULTITRANSFUSED BETA THALASSEMIA TYPE MAJOR PATIENTS","authors":"Z. Piracha, M. Uppal, U. Saeed, M. R. Uppal, Seneen Noor, Elyeen Noor","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a serious health issue which infected 3.3% of world’s population. The major transmission route of this virus is blood and blood products. Thalaseemic patients are dependent upon blood transfusions throughout their life and are at high risk of getting HCV infections. Objectives: The aim of the study was to estimate the presence of hepatitis C virus in multitransfused thalaseemic population of capital twin cities of Pakistan. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted from November 2021 to April 2022 and 262 multitransfused beta thalaseemic from the capital twin cities of Pakistan were enrolled for analysis. The presence of hepatitis C virus, alanine amino transferase (ALT) level, serum creatinine, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and splenectomy were analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of Hepatitis C virus was 55.73% observed with 100% of patients greater than 20 years of age have HCV infection. The average ALT in HCV positive thalaseemic patients was observed 98U/L and average creatinine values were 0.39 mg/dl. 82.20% of HCV positive thalaseemic patients have hepatomegaly with average increase of 4.33 cm in liver size. Splenomegaly was observed in 67.12% of HCV positive thalaseemic patients with average increase of 4.46 cm in spleen size. Splenectomy was observed in 15.75% of cases. Conclusion: The presence of HCV is very high in thalaseemic population of Pakistan. The chance of getting HCV infections also increases with the increase in age of thalaseemic patient. Raised ALT and hepatomegaly was observed in majority of HCV positive thalaseemic patients. There is a strong need to properly screen the blood before transfusions to decrease the future load of HCV from Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"84 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREDICTORS OF THE FORMATION OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN PREMATURE INFANTS","authors":"Jurabekova Aziza Tahirovna, Jalalitdinova Shakhnoza Akbarjon kizi, Vaseeva Umida Khamidovna, Mammadova Antika Allahverdieva","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-09","url":null,"abstract":"Premature newborns requiring observation and examination and treatment in the intensive care unit are at high risk for the development of perinatal brain lesions. Congenital pneumonia and early neonatal sepsis are one of the most common causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality in premature infants. According to various authors, the incidence of congenital pneumonia and early neonatal sepsis in children ranges from 4 to 20 per 1,000 live births.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"218 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140470247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHOFUNCTIONAL POLYMORPHISM OF THE MUCOSA IN CHRONIC LARINGITIS","authors":"Samieva Gulnoza Utkurovna, Bakhranova Malika Shavkatovna, Bakiev Shavkat Sherzodovich","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-11","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic laryngitis, characterized by inflammation of laryngeal tissue, is the most commonly diagnosed organic voice disorder, but treatments targeting putative etiologic factors have shown limited effectiveness. A major obstacle to the development of improved treatments for chronic laryngitis is a fundamental gap in knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of laryngeal inflammation. This article provides a review of the literature on the polymorphism of chronic laryngitis.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"1217 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMMUNOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PECULIARITIES OF PROGNOSIS AND PROPHYLAXIS OF PURULENT-SEPTIC COMPLICATIONS OF LIVER ECHINOCOCCOSIS","authors":"Khamdamov Bakhtiyor Zarifovich, Safarov Sunnat Sattorovich, Abdurakhmanov Mamur Mustafayevich, Khamdamov Alisherjon Bakhtiyorovich","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-13","url":null,"abstract":"The application of the developed therapeutic and diagnostic algorithms allowed, in the main group of patients in comparison with the control group, to increase the number of good treatment results from 30.9% to 35.1%, satisfactory - from 53.4% to 56.4% and to reduce unsatisfactory treatment results from 14.8% to 8.1%, and lethality - from 1.0% to 0.3%.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"43 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TIMING OF ONSET AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ATTACKS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION OF VARIOUS LOCALIZATIONS","authors":"Asror Olimkulovich Lakhanov, Tashkenbaeva Eleonora Negmatovna","doi":"10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume06issue02-12","url":null,"abstract":"Atrial fibrillation is not uncommon in the general population and is associated with a significant deterioration in quality of life and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease can coexist: 17-47% of patients with atrial fibrillation also have coronary heart disease, and 1-5% of patients with coronary heart disease also have atrial fibrillation.","PeriodicalId":494509,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of medical sciences and pharmaceutical research","volume":"284 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}