Taxon最新文献

{"title":"Phylogeny and classification of the coffee family (Rubiaceae, Gentianales): Overview and outlook","authors":"Sylvain G. Razafimandimbison, Catarina Rydin","doi":"10.1002/tax.13167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13167","url":null,"abstract":"The use of molecular data in phylogenetic reconstruction during more than three decades has greatly improved our understanding of the macroevolutionary history of the coffee family (Rubiaceae) and has provided a solid basis for improvement of its classification. Based on the results of 130 studies, among them most recent phylogenomic works, we present a consensus phylogeny and a robust classification of Rubiaceae that shed light on the evolutionary success of this highly diverse angiosperm family and can serve as a framework for ecological and evolutionary studies. There are more than 14,000 species and about 580 accepted genera of Rubiaceae that are assigned to 71 tribes, of which 68 are classified in two subfamilies (Dialypetalanthoideae with 38 tribes and Rubioideae with 30 tribes). Three tribes (Acranthereae, Coptosapelteae, Luculieae) remain unclassified as to subfamily. Sixty‐three of these 71 tribes are assigned to nine informal alliances (four in Rubioideae and five in Dialypetalanthoideae). These tribes are listed in alphabetical order within their respective alliances. Five tribes, one (Coussareeae) in Rubioideae and four (Airospermeae, Jackieae, Retiniphylleae, Steenisieae) in Dialypetalanthoideae, are excluded from these alliances due to unclear or conflicting phylogenetic positions. Thirty‐six tribes retain their tribal status but receive new generic limits to remedy their previous para‐ or polyphyletic nature. Twenty‐nine tribes not implemented in previous classifications have been added, of which three (Chioneae, Glionnetieae, Temnopterygeae) are newly described here. Basic information on phylogenies, distributions, former classifications, and useful references to previous works are provided for all accepted tribes, and future perspectives are discussed.","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Delicata Krammer a validly published genus name? Trying to put light on Article 20.2","authors":"Weliton José da Silva","doi":"10.1002/tax.13174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13174","url":null,"abstract":"This paper delves into the intricacies of botanical nomenclature, specifically focusing on the interpretation and application of Art. 20.2 of the <i>International Code of Nomenclature</i> (<i>ICN</i>). It critically analyzes the case of <i>Delicata</i> Krammer, against the backdrop of Art. 20.2. The investigation shows that <i>Delicata</i> does not coincide with any established Latin technical term used in morphology and hence fulfills the <i>ICN</i> requirements, confirming its validity. This finding highlights the need for clearer guidelines in distinguishing descriptive Latin terms from technical terms used in morphology. This paper contributes to the ongoing discourse in botanical taxonomy by advocating for revised practices and interpretations of nomenclatural rules, ensuring stability and precision in the naming of taxa.","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny of Berberidopsidales based on nuclear and chloroplast loci, with the description of a new species of Berberidopsis endemic to Central Chile","authors":"Kora Menegoz, Alejandro E. Villarroel, Nicolás Lavandero","doi":"10.1002/tax.13170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13170","url":null,"abstract":"Berberidopsidales comprises two families: monotypic Aextoxicaceae (<jats:italic>Aextoxicon punctatum</jats:italic> in Chile and Argentina) and Berberidopsidaceae. The latter includes Australian monotypic <jats:italic>Streptothamnus</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>S. moorei</jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>Berberidopsis</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>B. beckleri</jats:italic> in Australia and <jats:italic>B. corallina</jats:italic> in Chile). A new <jats:italic>Berberidopsis</jats:italic> species from the Central Chilean Andes is here described. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear and chloroplast data clarified the relationships within Berberidopsidales. The new species, <jats:italic>Berberidopsis granitica</jats:italic>, is sister to the Chilean endemic <jats:italic>B. corallina</jats:italic>, and this clade is sister to the Australian <jats:italic>B. beckleri</jats:italic>. The dated molecular phylogeny places the split between the South American <jats:italic>B. corallina</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. granitica</jats:italic> into the late Miocene/early Pleistocene and the split between South American and Australian <jats:italic>Berberidopsis</jats:italic> to the late Miocene and Pliocene, suggesting transoceanic dispersal rather than vicariance. Climatic niche analyses show two distinct and non‐overlapping climatic niches for the Australian and southern South American species. <jats:italic>Berberidopsis granitica</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. corallina</jats:italic> also differ clearly in their habitat and morphology, in addition to their climatic niche. <jats:italic>Berberidopsis granitica</jats:italic> has a very restricted distribution area and grows in the Andes under montane climatic conditions, unique within Berberidopsidales.","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140587015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Pyrus phylogeny: Deep genome skimming‐based inference coupled with paralogy analysis yields a robust phylogenetic backbone and an updated infrageneric classification of the pear genus (Maleae, Rosaceae)","authors":"Zetao Jin, Dai-Kun Ma, Guang-Ning Liu, Richard G. J. Hodel, Yan Jiang, Bin‐Jie Ge, Shuai Liao, Lei Duan, Chen Ren, Chao Xu, Junyao Wu, Bing Liu","doi":"10.1002/tax.13163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13163","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of a robust phylogenetic backbone has posed significant challenges to proposing an infrageneric taxonomic classification of the pear genus, Pyrus, a widely distributed Eurasian lineage of Rosaceae. This issue has been exacerbated by limited informative loci and inaccessible taxon sampling. To address these limitations, we conducted extensive taxon sampling, encompassing 78 Pyrus ingroup individuals representing 32 species, along with 4 outgroup species. This comprehensive sampling strategy covers a wide range of morphological and geographical variations. To enable accurate phylogenomic inference, we assembled 801 single‐copy nuclear genes and 72 plastid coding sequences from deep genome skimming (DGS) data. Additionally, we employed a tree‐based method for nuclear orthology inference, which led to the generation of three orthologous datasets: one‐to‐one orthologs (1to1), monophyletic outgroups (MO), and rooted ingroups (RT). The results yielded from both nuclear and plastid analyses consistently support the monophyly of Pyrus, and two well‐supported clades, the Occidental and Oriental clades, were recovered in nine nuclear and three plastid trees. Integrating evidence from morphology and phylogenomics, we propose an updated infrageneric classification of Pyrus, which consists of two subgenera: P. subg. Pyrus and P. subg. Pashia stat. nov. This revised classification provides a more robust framework for understanding the evolutionary relationships within the pear genus.","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elias Magnus Fries's fungus exsiccati Scleromyceti Sueciae: New light on the obscure “fascicle nine”","authors":"J. Karakehian, Donald H. Pfister, A.N. Miller","doi":"10.1002/tax.13168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13168","url":null,"abstract":"Elias Magnus Fries's fungus exsiccati Scleromyceti Sueciae documents specimens cited in several of Fries's publications that are now considered sanctioning works in the nomenclature and taxonomy of several groups of fungi. The first eight fascicles of the first edition of the Scleromyceti Sueciae were issued periodically during the years 1819–1822. Each fascicle was issued as a bound booklet that included, among other information, a printed title page with a date, and an index followed by 30–40 specimens. A ninth fascicle that concluded the first edition was issued without a date. Scholars of the Scleromyceti Sueciae inferred an approximate date of issuance of mid‐1825 based on Fries's correspondence, but they were uncertain whether fascicle nine was issued as a booklet or on loose sheets. In addition, the location of the printed index to fascicle nine that they studied was unclear. We obtained images of a complete, original copy of fascicle nine from the collections of the Natural History Museum of Denmark of the University of Copenhagen. This copy proves that fascicle nine was issued as a bound booklet like the previous eight fascicles and contained a printed index and printed specimen labels. Because of the apparent rarity of a complete, original copy of fascicle nine, we describe the copy at the Natural History Museum of Denmark and provide images of the index. We discuss potential problems in typifying names from material issued in the Scleromyceti Sueciae second edition. Using an example from fascicle nine, we discuss Fries's omissions, errors, and lapses in citing specimens.","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(3023) Proposal to conserve the name Mimulus violaceus (Torenia violacea) with a conserved type against T. edentula (Linderniaceae) and associated lectotypification of T. peduncularis and T. exappendiculata","authors":"Aaratrik Pal, M. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1002/tax.13162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An updated infrageneric classification based on phylogenomics and character evolution in Hydrangea (Hydrangeaceae)","authors":"Xudong Yang, Tiantian Xue, Tiangang Gao, Yunfen Liang, Erik F. Smets, Sudhindra R. Gadagkar, Shengxiang Yu","doi":"10.1002/tax.13158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13158","url":null,"abstract":"The genus <jats:italic>Hydrangea</jats:italic> s.l. (Hydrangeaceae), a favorite among gardeners, comprises more than 80 species that are important understory plants in natural temperate and subtropical forests of the Northern Hemisphere. These species are hypervariable in morphology, especially in indumentum and floral characters, warranting a thorough exploration of the complex evolutionary history of morphological characters of the genus. Ideally, this is done within a robust phylogenetic framework with extensive taxon sampling. In this study, we propose a comprehensive taxonomic reassessment of <jats:italic>Hydrangea</jats:italic> based on a reconstruction of its molecular phylogeny based mainly on the chloroplast genome (plastome) and the most representative taxon sampling reported to date. Phylogenomic reconstruction yielded five well‐resolved major clades and three newly recognized subclades. Inspection of the 28 characters employed in traditional taxonomic revisions revealed homoplasy in many of these traits. Our results show that characters such as growth habit, woody stem type, number of enlarged marginal sepals, style and stamen number, fruit shape, and ovary position are useful for circumscribing infrageneric divisions. Unique synapomorphies are limited. For example, herb and subshrub growth habits are associated with all the species in <jats:italic>H.</jats:italic> sect. <jats:italic>Deinanthe</jats:italic> and sect. <jats:italic>Cardiandra</jats:italic>, respectively. Character state combinations are proposed for distinguishing infrageneric taxa. Based on a robust phylogenetic framework, our findings suggest a complex evolutionary history of <jats:italic>Hydrangea</jats:italic> morphological characters. Following the criterion of monophyly and considering the morphological consistency and synapomorphy of single and combined characters to diagnose relevant lineages, we update the classification of <jats:italic>Hydrangea</jats:italic> into 5 subgenera and 19 sections. Our proposed taxonomic scheme, based on a robust phylogenetic framework and in‐depth character study, provides an updated perspective on the infrageneric subdivision of <jats:italic>Hydrangea</jats:italic> s.l.","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(3021–3022) Proposals to conserve the names Brochoneura, with a conserved type, and Cephalosphaera (Myristicaceae)","authors":"Zacky Ezedin, Hervé Sauquet","doi":"10.1002/tax.13155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13155","url":null,"abstract":"<p>(3021) <b><i>Brochoneura</i></b> Warb. in Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 179. Jul 1895 [<i>Myristic</i>.], nom. cons. prop.</p>\u0000<p>Typus: <i>B. madagascariensis</i> (Lam.) Warb. (in Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 68: 234. Dec 1897) (<i>Myristica madagascariensis</i> Lam.), typ. cons. prop.</p>\u0000<p>(3022) <b><i>Cephalosphaera</i></b> Warb. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 383. 13 Mar 1903 [<i>Myristic</i>.], nom. cons. prop.</p>\u0000<p>Typus: <i>C. usambarensis</i> (Warb.) Warb. (<i>Brochoneura usambarensis</i> Warb.).</p>\u0000<p><i>Myristicaceae</i> is a pantropical family of angiosperms comprising 21 genera and ca. 500 species. Recently, Figueiredo &amp; Smith (in Phytotaxa 456: 299–300. 2020) proposed nomenclatural changes for the generic names <i>Brochoneura</i> and <i>Cephalosphaera</i>. Prior to their proposal, the name <i>Brochoneura</i> had been applied to a group of three species in Madagascar (Sauquet in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146: 351–368. 2004) whereas <i>Cephalosphaera</i> was exclusively applied to a single East African species. The proposed changes would have the name <i>Brochoneura</i> instead applied to the East African species while the Malagasy group would be renamed <i>Neobrochoneura</i> Figueiredo &amp; Gideon F. Sm. This proposed name swap by Figueiredo &amp; Smith followed their discovery of what may have been an unintentional name swap made by Otto Warburg, who originally published the name <i>Brochoneura</i> for the East African species (Warburg in Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 180. 1895) and subsequently expanded the genus to incorporate three Malagasy species originally included in <i>Myristica</i> (Warburg in Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 68: 237. 1897). Later, he published the monotypic East African genus <i>Cephalosphaera</i> (Warburg in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 383. 1903) for <i>B. usambarensis</i>, the original type of <i>Brochoneura</i>, while restricting <i>Brochoneura</i> to the Malagasy group. To rectify this centuries-old error by Warburg, the authors proposed to have <i>Brochoneura</i> reinstated for the monotypic East African genus and give the Malagasy group a new name, <i>Neobrochoneura</i>.</p>\u0000<p>Although the name switch only affects a handful of species, it is nonetheless not helpful and may result in confusion, especially since the names in their pre-2020 sense have become well-established in the taxonomic and floristic literature. The name <i>Brochoneura</i> has been applied to the Malagasy group for well over a century whereas it had only been applied to the East African taxon for a mere eight years, namely from 1895 to 1903. Both genera also have important economic uses.</p>\u0000<p>The East African <i>Cephalosphaera</i> (vernacular: mtambao) has historically been regarded as an economically valuable timber species, having been selectively logged since at least the mid-20th century (Waser &amp; al. in Tanzania J. Forest. Nat. Conserv. 82(2): 42–49. 2013). In the 1960s, it wa","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epitypification of the Linnaean Statice echioides (Plumbaginaceae) and notes on Smith's concepts of S. aristata and S. rorida","authors":"Duilio Iamonico","doi":"10.1002/tax.13165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13165","url":null,"abstract":"The typification of the Linnaean name <jats:italic>Statice echioides</jats:italic> (currently <jats:italic>Limonium echioides</jats:italic>) is discussed. An illustration from Magnol's <jats:italic>Botanicum Monspeliense</jats:italic> (“Limonium minus annuum bullatis foliis vel echioides”) was correctly designated as lectotype by Erben in 1978 according to Art. 7.11 of <jats:italic>Shenzhen Code.</jats:italic> However, this image lacks some of the important flower characters required for a critical identification of the species. An epitype (plate no. 299 in Sibthorp &amp; Smith's <jats:italic>Flora Graeca</jats:italic>) is selected to serve as an interpretative type of the lectotype of <jats:italic>S. echioides</jats:italic> (Art. 9.6). In addition, the name <jats:italic>S. aristata</jats:italic>, published in Sibthorp &amp; Smith's <jats:italic>Flora Graecae prodromus</jats:italic>, is discussed in depth and lectotypified on the above‐mentioned Magnol illustration, making this name homotypic with the Linnaean one. Finally, the concept of <jats:italic>S. echioides</jats:italic>, as described in <jats:italic>Flora Graecae prodromus</jats:italic>, is discussed, concluding that it refers to the currently recognized <jats:italic>Limonium roridum</jats:italic> (≡ <jats:italic>S. rorida</jats:italic>, as originally published in <jats:italic>Flora Graeca</jats:italic>).","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140167763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(3016) Proposal to reject the name Opuntia aulacothele (Cactaceae)","authors":"Urs Eggli, Felix F. Merklinger","doi":"10.1002/tax.13161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.13161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49448,"journal":{"name":"Taxon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140128180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}