Zoologischer Anzeiger最新文献

{"title":"First evidence of sperm remains on penis after mating in Opiliones (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachyloides thorellii)","authors":"Estefanía Stanley ,&nbsp;Anita Aisenberg ,&nbsp;David E. Vrech ,&nbsp;Willians Porto ,&nbsp;Abel Pérez-González","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Male harvestmen penial armature has a remarkable morphology; however, it is poorly known regarding its functions. We examined the male genitalia of virgin and mated males of the gonyleptid <em>Pachyloides thorellii</em> under Scanning Electron Microscope looking for evidence that the penis could remove sperm from the female ovipositor lumen during mating<em>.</em> Micrographs show sperm agglutinations over and within the microsetae fields in six out of the 12 mated males studied. For the mating experiments we used only virgin females, therefore the sperm found in the penis was in all cases their own sperm. This self-sperm removal could be the extraction of sperm excess in cooperation (or not) with the females. This is the first study to show for the Order Opiliones direct evidence that a male penis contains structures that can effectively remove sperm from the female ovipositor. Further behavioral and morphological studies are needed to confirm the conditions of occurrence and participation of each sex in sperm removal processes in this species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 97-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141479558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latitudinal distribution of freshwater sponge species across European Russia","authors":"Agniya M. Sokolova ,&nbsp;Dmitry M. Palatov ,&nbsp;Valeria B. Itskovich","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study provides original faunistic data on freshwater sponge dispersal across a huge territory of European Russia from north to south, highlighting the northern limits of thermophilic and north-adapted species. The holarctic species <em>Ephydatia muelleri</em> and, especially, <em>Spongilla lacustris</em> were predominant in northern areas, while the cosmopolitan <em>Ephydatia fluviatilis</em> and <em>Eunapius fragilis</em> were less prevalent. Moving to the south, <em>E. fluviatilis</em> took the lead. The distributional pattern of northern sponges aligns with literature data from North Europe, confirming the prevalence of the holarctic species in high latitudes. <em>Tubella</em> (=<em>Trochospongilla</em>) <em>horrida</em>, <em>Eunapius carteri,</em> and <em>Radiospongilla cerebellata</em> are considered to be thermophilic species that could not tolerate the conditions in northern regions. Notable findings include the extension of <em>Eunapius carteri</em>'s known range and the first report of <em>R. cerebellata</em> within Russia, which is also the second record for Europe. Three potentially expected species were not found in the studied area, indicating regional rarity. We also provide molecular and morphological evidence for the synonymy of <em>Spongilla arctica</em> and <em>Spongilla lacustris</em>. Finally, we discuss the impacts of climate change and agricultural activities on northern and southern sponge habitats respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 88-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141400976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny and classification of Lepidodexia Brauer & Bergenstamm (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)","authors":"Paula Raile Riccardi ,&nbsp;Karlla Patrícia Silva,&nbsp;Josenilson Rodrigues dos Santos,&nbsp;Cátia Antunes de Mello-Patiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Lepidodexia</em> Brauer and Bergenstamm is one of the most speciose genera of flesh flies found in the Western Hemisphere. With approximately 200 species and 33 subgenera, <em>Lepidodexia</em> generic level diagnosis primarily relies on male terminalia features. However, the monophyly of <em>Lepidodexia</em> has been questioned, and for some taxa, the male terminalia are poorly known, leading to uncertainty about the genus delimitation and internal relationships. To address these issues, we performed the first comprehensive phylogeny of <em>Lepidodexia</em>, covering 85 % of its subgenera. Our results enabled us to establish a clear diagnosis for <em>Lepidodexia</em> and to identify 14 groups of subgenera based on key morphological features. The taxonomic status of the subgenera <em>Archimimus</em>, <em>Halliosca</em>, <em>Xylocamptops</em> and the species <em>Lepidodexia angustifrons</em> is addressed. Furthermore, our study provides a foundation for future taxonomic and evolutionary research on this diverse and ecologically important genus of flesh flies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 101-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141479557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative studies of Microtus hartingi and Microtus guentheri (Cricetidae, Arvicolinae) and taxonomic problem of Microtus elbeyli","authors":"Ahmet Yesari Selçuk ,&nbsp;Alaettin Kaya ,&nbsp;Haluk Kefelioğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, Taxonomic differences between <em>Microtus guentheri</em> and <em>Microtus hartingi</em>, which are similar in terms of external morphological features, were determined using linear morphometric, geometric morphometric, karyological and molecular analyses methods. Through classical morphometric (mean values) and geometric morphometric analyses of craniodental and mandible characters, influenced by various genetic, developmental, and functional processes, it was found that <em>M. hartingi</em> and <em>M. guentheri</em> exhibited notable differences in both mean linear measurements and shape. The Jackknife in classical morphometric analyses of samples, which underwent molecular and karyological species diagnoses, was higher than 88 % for each character. In geometric morphometric analyses, the Procrustes distance for shape follows the order Ventral &lt; Dorsal &lt; Mandible &lt; M3&lt;M2&lt;M1. Based on cross-validation, the accurate classification rate is between 73 and 100 %. In both mean linear measurements and centroid size, <em>M. hartingi</em> specimens exhibited significantly larger mandibles and craniodentals compared to individuals of <em>M</em>. <em>guentheri</em>. According to PLS results, there was a significant relationship between the shape of M1, M2 and M3 and environmental variables, while the relationship between their size and environmental variables was not significant. However, neither the shape nor the size of the other parts had an sufficient relationship with environmental variables. Both species exhibited karyological similarity with a chromosome number of 2n = 54, but display polymorphism in chromosome arm number. There were differences in the C-banding of autosomal chromosomes and X chromosome. The classification of species in classical and geometric morphometric analyses, diverges from the outcomes of karyological and molecular assessments. In both species, the intraspecific genetic distance remained below 1.35 %. The <em>cyt-b</em> exhibits significant differentiation between the two species (K2P = 6.55 %). The divergence time for <em>M. guentheri</em> from the clade containing <em>M. hartingi</em> + <em>M. qazvinensis</em> + <em>Microtus dogramacii</em> was estimated to be 0.73 million years ago. Since no sample of <em>Microtus elbeyli</em> with karyological and <em>cyt-b</em> characteristics was found in the samples taken from the type locality, the taxonomic status of <em>M. elbeyli</em> remains unclear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 131-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radula formation and development in Limapontia senestra (Quatrefages, 1844) (Heterobranchia, Gastropoda) from the White Sea","authors":"Anna Mikhlina ,&nbsp;Yulia Khramova ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Nikitenko ,&nbsp;Elena Vortsepneva","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sacoglossa is a monophyletic group of small suctorial herbivorous Нeterobranchia. Due to the biology of feeding, most sacoglossans (except <em>Cylindrobulla</em>) have a distinctive feeding apparatus, which includes a sucking muscular organ as well as a sacoglossan-type radula with one tooth in a transverse row, which pierces algal cells. Although there is obvious interest in the radular morphology and developmental modes of Sacoglossa, as these characters may provide some insight into the evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships of Sacoglossa, data on radula formation and morphogenesis in this group are sparse. This paper presents original data on the direct development, formation, and morphogenesis of the radula of <em>Limapontia senestra</em> (Quatrefages, 1844) from the White Sea. Based on the data obtained, we describe the development and formation of the radula. They fit into the general pattern of heterochrony in the radula anlage, characteristic of all gastropods. The small number of odontoblasts in the formation of the adult radula of <em>L. senestra</em> is a distinctive feature of the radula of Heterobranchia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 110-122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141593072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny and evolutionary history of Mavropanorpa n. gen. (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)","authors":"Rainer Willmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Mavropanorpa</em> n. gen. is an Asian genus of scorpionflies with about 17 species, evidenced as monophyletic mainly because of the crossing of its thin subsidia (accessorial structures of the aedeagus). The genus diversified in continental east Asia before one species reached Japan, founding an evolutionary branch including <em>Mavropanorpa japonica</em> (Thunberg, 1784). The sister species of <em>japonica</em> migrated back to continental China and developed into today's <em>M. kellogi</em>. Lack of a medigynial apodeme in female <em>M. japonica, lewisi</em> and close allies is not plesiomorphic, but a result of reduction. The same holds for the shape of the subsidia and the lack of their crossing in <em>M. japonica</em> and <em>M. kellogi</em>, for which there is a pre-stage in <em>M. nipponensis</em>. <em>Mavropanorpa</em> and the type species of <em>Panorpa, P. communis</em> are compared with each other. A new genus name (<em>Calliopanorpa</em>) is also proposed for <em>Panorpa takenouchii</em> Miyaké, 1908 which is only superficially similar to <em>Mavropanorpa</em>. – Some morphological structures are renamed to avoid confusion with terminology in other insect groups or because unjustified homology might be inferred.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 69-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044523124000330/pdfft?md5=214c28d29d3e91629d257c82dd65a4a2&pid=1-s2.0-S0044523124000330-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141132711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in pelvic size and shape in the striped field mouse from Slovakia","authors":"Alexander Csanády ,&nbsp;Branislav Tej ,&nbsp;Veronika Sochová ,&nbsp;Ivan Baláž ,&nbsp;Michal Ambros ,&nbsp;Viktória Majlátová ,&nbsp;Igor Majláth ,&nbsp;Michal Stanko","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Morphometric analysis and evaluation of 260 striped field mice (<em>Apodemus agrarius</em>) were carried out to identify sexual size dimorphism in pelvic bones regarding the age of individuals and the reproductive history of females. Pelvic size was found to differ between subadult and adult individuals of both sexes. A comparison using the Mann–Whitney U test between the right and left parts of the pelvis showed statistically non-significant differences between the pelvis dimensions. In the inter-sexual comparison of both ages (subadult, adult), statistically significant differences were found for only four traits in adults: length of the coxal bone (LP1), width of the <em>ischiopubis</em> (WP1), length of the <em>obturator foramen</em> (LSF) and width of the <em>obturator foramen</em> (WSF). The two indices (WSF/LSF and WP1/LP2) evaluated clearly reflected changes in the pelvic shape, which were most pronounced in adult mice. For the group of subadult males and females, the differences in measured traits and indices were not as pronounced. Several analyses, such as the Mann–Whitney U test, principal component analysis (PCA) as well as discriminant analysis (DFA), showed sex differences in pelvic morphology and shape, although the two sexes overlapped. Similarly, one-way ANCOVA showed that there was a significant difference between the sexes for the adjusted means. Analyses showed that for a given body mass, it appears that females tend to have larger pelvises. Thus, the sexual dimorphism of females was related to pelvic size and shape in <em>A. agrarius</em>. The breeding history showed differences in pelvic dimensions in following direction: the nulliparous &lt; primigravid &lt; primiparous direction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141593073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloacal microanatomy of tropical male butterfly lizards (genus Leiolepis) during the annual reproductive cycle","authors":"Akkanee Pewhom ,&nbsp;Nopparat Srakaew","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cloacal microanatomy of male <em>Leiolepis ocellata</em> during the reproductive cycle was examined using histochemistry and light microscopy. The cloaca is divided into three contiguous regions: the coprodeum, urodeum, and proctodeum. The coprodeum has anterior and posterior connections to the intestine and the urodeum, respectively. A bladder stalk and paired ampulla ureters open to the ventral and the dorsal urodeal walls, respectively. Paired, bilateral anterior dorsal recesses of the urodeum lie ventrally to ureters and ampulla ductus deferentes. A cloacal triad junction is indicated by confluence of the coprodeum, urodeum, and bladder stalk. The proctodeum is subdivided into the anterior and the posterior regions; the latter bears dorsal and ventral proctodeal glands. In general, similar histological profiles of each cloacal region are noticeable among animals from different reproductive periods. However, mucosal glycoconjugate production in the cloacae of reproductively inactive males is slightly less than that in the active males. Seasonal histological changes of proctodeal glands are appreciable, with the reproductively active males having structurally and functionally active glands. As expected, spermatozoa are found in the urodeal and the proctodeal lumina of the active males, while residual round germ cells are occasionally found in the cloacae of the inactive males. Overall, male <em>L. ocellata</em> exhibits seasonal cyclicity of microanatomy and histochemistry of the proctodeal glands, with marginal histological variability in other parts of the cloacae. Hence, the present study provides improved knowledge on dynamic microanatomical variation of the male reproductive system of reptiles in relation to the annual reproductive cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 48-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141429234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An interactive identification key to species of the kinorhynch orders Kentrorhagata, Xenosomata, and Anomoirhaga","authors":"Martin V. Sørensen ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yamasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new interactive DELTA key (DEscription Language for TAxonomy) for identification of kinorhynch species is made available. The key covers species of Kentrorhagata, Xenosomata, and Anomoirhaga, i.e., all non-Echinoderidae and non-Pycnophyidae kinorhynchs. Upon publication, the key includes 64 entries, but it will continuously be updated and expanded as new species are described. The present short note describes how to access key database, and how to use the identification tools.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 45-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044523124000470/pdfft?md5=d164ba0a93f97630246b22144801cad3&pid=1-s2.0-S0044523124000470-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141416501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and molecular data reveal the presence of exotic land snail species in Tierra del Fuego","authors":"María Gabriela Cuezzo ,&nbsp;Federico A. Dellagnola","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, we report for the first time the presence of <em>Vitrina pellucida</em> and <em>Arion silvaticus</em> as invasive species in Isla Grande of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Additionally, our research confirmed the presence in the same region of <em>Deroceras reticulatum</em> a previously reported invasive species from continental Patagonia. Taxonomic identification was achieved through morphological and molecular analyses (ribosomal 5.8S-ITS2-28S region and 16S rRNAgene). The finding of <em>V. pellucida</em> constitutes the first record of Vitrinidae for South America. This species is already naturalized in southern Tierra del Fuego and invaded natural areas of the National Park but still with small populations. In the case of <em>Arion silvaticus</em>, we observed a comparable situation, as this species has not only been collected from urban areas but also from within the forests of the protected area. These exotic species of land snails are exclusively cold-adapted Pulmonates. Their feeding types and diets range from herbivores on fresh plant material to omnivorous, occasionally on dead animals. The native micro snail species, coexisting in the same habitats, due to their minimal dispersal capacity and probable dependence on particular microhabitats, are particularly vulnerable not only to anthropogenic disturbances but also to the impacts and activities of these exotic species. Given the tourist impact in the region, the introduction of <em>V. pellucida</em> and <em>Arion silvaticus</em> in Tierra del Fuego has most likely occurred through accidental transport in soil by tourists arriving on the island. Another possible pathway of introduction is plant transportation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"311 ","pages":"Pages 34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}