Sexual dimorphism of plateau brown frog in Haibei region of Qinghai in China

IF 1.5 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jcz.2024.12.003

Xuze Zhang , Xiaodong Ma , Fei Peng , Yi Yu , Xinrong Lin , Jinliang Wei , Yingfang Shen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Rana kukunoris (plateau brown frog) is an amphibian species endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In this study, 60 adult specimens (30 ♀, 30 ♂) were collected from the Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Positioning Station of the Chinese Academy of Science and measured for 25 morphological traits, including adult body weight and body length. The morphological indexes of male and female individuals were compared and analysed. The results showed that 11 morphological traits in females, including body length and interorbital spacing, were significantly higher in value than those in males. The mean SVL of famales (50.10 ± 1.04) was larger than of males (48.43 ± 1.38), the sexual index was 0.033. The mean weight of females (10.93 ± 0.67) was 1.168 times that of males (9.36 ± 0.70). Among all traits, 23 morphological characteristics in females and 22 in males showed allometric effects. Covariance analysis of morphological features with snout–vent length as the covariate demonstrated significant correlations between body weight, internal distance, interorbital distance, forearm width, interior metatarsal, mouth-to-spat distance, third finger length, and first finger length, indicating that, when considering snout–vent length, significant differences were observed. Our results showed that females were larger than males in terms of sexual dimorphism. Such sexual dimorphism may be a result of the combined effects of fecundity selection theory and environmental factors. The measured values also provide a reference to explore sexual dimorphic traits between sexes and their adaptation to the cold environments.

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青海省海北地区高原褐蛙的两性二态性

高原褐蛙是青藏高原特有的一种两栖动物。本研究在中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统定位站采集了60只成虫（♀、♂各30只），测定了成虫体重、体长等25个形态特征。对雌雄个体的形态指标进行了比较分析。结果表明，雌性的体长和眼眶间距等11个形态性状值显著高于雄性。女性的平均SVL（50.10±1.04）大于男性（48.43±1.38），性指数为0.033。女性平均体重（10.93±0.67）是男性（9.36±0.70）的1.168倍。在所有性状中，雌性有23个，雄性有22个表现出异速生长效应。以鼻口长度为协变量的形态学特征协方差分析显示，体重、内距、眶间距离、前臂宽度、内侧跖骨、口到口距、第三指长度和第一指长度之间存在显著相关性，表明在考虑鼻口长度时，观察到显著差异。结果表明，在两性二态性方面，雌性比雄性大。这种两性二态性可能是繁殖力选择理论和环境因素共同作用的结果。这些测量值也为探讨两性间的两性二态特征及其对寒冷环境的适应提供了参考。

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来源期刊

Zoologischer Anzeiger 生物-动物学

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology is devoted to comparative zoology with a special emphasis on morphology, systematics, biogeography, and evolutionary biology targeting all metazoans, both modern and extinct. We also consider taxonomic submissions addressing a broader systematic and/or evolutionary context. The overall aim of the journal is to contribute to our understanding of the organismic world from an evolutionary perspective. The journal Zoologischer Anzeiger invites suggestions for special issues. Interested parties may contact one of the editors.