Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-04-01eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-12
Francesco Ballarin, Yuri M Marusik, Ren-Chung Cheng, Katsuyuki Eguchi
{"title":"<i>Erranticosa</i> gen. nov.: a New Genus of Wolf Spiders from East Asia with Notes on its Separation from <i>Lycosa</i> and <i>Hogna</i> (Araneae Lycosidae: Lycosinae).","authors":"Francesco Ballarin, Yuri M Marusik, Ren-Chung Cheng, Katsuyuki Eguchi","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-12","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The taxonomy and systematic position of the Eastern Asian wolf spider <i>Lycosa coelestis</i> L. Koch, 1878 are revised using an integrative approach. Our study highlights distinctive morphological and molecular differences that separate this species from the generotypes of <i>Lycosa</i> Sundevall,1833 and <i>Hogna</i> Simon, 1885, to which <i>L. coelestis</i> was previously assigned. Based on these findings, we establish a new monotypic genus, <i>Erranticosa</i> gen. nov., to accommodate this species, namely <i>E. coelestis</i> comb. nov. We also discuss the results of a preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Lycosinae, including <i>Erranticosa</i> gen. nov. Additionally, based on morphological examination of the type material, we reject the synonymy of <i>Lycosa subcoelestis</i> Fox, 1935 with <i>E. coelestis</i> comb. nov., transferring it to <i>Trochosa</i> C.L. Koch, 1847 as a valid full species, and we establish the new combination, <i>i.e.</i>, <i>T. subcoelestis</i> (Fox, 1935) comb. nov. At the same time, we synonymize <i>Foxicosa</i> Roewer, 1960 (type species: <i>Lycosa subcoelestis</i> Fox, 1935), previously considered a junior synonym of <i>Lycosa</i>, with <i>Trochosa</i>. Our findings highlight the need for an integrative taxonomic and systematic revision of Asian lycosid taxa, as many may be overlooked or misclassified.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-04-01eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-09
Nanami Hashizoe, Jens T Høeg, Yasunori Kano, Yoichi Yusa
{"title":"Comparison of the Reproductive Characters of Six Species of Scalpellid Barnacles.","authors":"Nanami Hashizoe, Jens T Høeg, Yasunori Kano, Yoichi Yusa","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-09","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The family Scalpellidae is a large family of barnacles containing ca. 200+ nominal species. These barnacles inhabit a wide range of depths, although most species live in the deep sea. These species are dioecious (with large females and dwarf males) or androdioecious (with large hermaphrodites and dwarf males), with one or more dwarf males settling in a specific location (the receptacle) in the larger individuals. We studied the reproductive ecology of six dioecious scalpellid barnacle species in the deep sea, which differ in size and habitat depth. Intraspecific analyses revealed that there was a positive relationship between female size and egg number in all the species, but no significant relationship existed between female size and egg size. No trade-off was detected between the size and number of eggs in a brood. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between female size and the number of dwarf males in three species that possess receptacles that carry more than one male. On the other hand, interspecific analyses suggested that female size was positively related to egg size, egg number, and the number of dwarf males. Considering the large variety of reproductive traits and the many species in this group, further research is needed to elucidate how reproductive traits have evolved in scalpellids.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-04-01eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-17
Jen-Pan Huang
{"title":"Perspective: A Fitness Landscape Perspective on Species Boundary and Gene Flow for Taxonomic Practitioners in the Genomic Era.","authors":"Jen-Pan Huang","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-17","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Speciation can be conceptualized as evolution across dynamic fitness landscapes, where groups of individuals occupy peaks or plateaus that change across space and time. Within such landscapes, gene flows between species can be expected outcomes, which result in the episodic and temporal permeability of species boundaries. Because species recognition and gene flow both arise from the same underlying fitness landscape dynamics, they are emergent, instead of causally linked, properties. Therefore, despite their frequent correlation, studies in systematics should decouple species recognition from the presence or absence of gene flow.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-03-25eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-11
Ching Wen Huang, Chia-Hao Chang, Tzu-Yen Liu, Bertil Borg, Yi Ta Shao
{"title":"Interaction Between Photoperiod and Gonadal Feedback on <i>cck</i> Expressions in Three-spined Stickleback, <i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>.","authors":"Ching Wen Huang, Chia-Hao Chang, Tzu-Yen Liu, Bertil Borg, Yi Ta Shao","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-11","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone that plays crucial roles not only in the digestive system but also in the central nervous system as a neurotransmitter. Recent research indicate that it is involved in the reproductive endocrine system, inducing the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in medaka, <i>Oryzias latipes</i>. The present study tested whether <i>cck</i> expression is involved in the control of maturation in three-spined stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>). To that end, castrated and sham-operated males were exposed to short-day (8L:16D) or long-day (16L:8D) photoperiods for 3 or 30 days. Pituitary <i>fsh</i>β was strongly elevated in castrated fish, particularly under short-day conditions, whereas <i>lh</i>β increased only in sham-operated fish after 30 days under long-day conditions. Castration increased hypothalamic <i>cck</i>a and <i>cck</i>b expression under short days, but decreased <i>cck</i>a after long-day exposure for 30 days. Photoperiod influenced whole-brain and hypothalamic <i>cck</i>s expression differently. Whole-brain <i>cck</i>s levels were generally higher under short days and lower under stimulatory long days, whereas these photoperiodic effects were largely absent in the hypothalamus. These findings suggest that hypothalamic <i>cck</i> genes may participate in feedback regulation on the BPG axis of the stickleback; however, FSH secretion and photoperiodic reproductive control likely involve additional factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-03-20eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-02
Zahra Latifi, Mansour Aliabadian, Omid Mirshamsi
{"title":"Review of <i>Calocheiridius</i> Beier & Turk, 1952 (Pseudoscorpiones: Olpiidae) of Iran with Descriptions of Two New Species.","authors":"Zahra Latifi, Mansour Aliabadian, Omid Mirshamsi","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-02","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diversity of <i>Calocheiridius</i> Beier & Turk, 1952 in Iran is still thought to be uncommon; with only two species reported recently: <i>C. centralis</i> (Beier, 1952), and <i>C. iranicus</i> Nassirkhani, 2014. The current research is devoted to representatives of the genus <i>Calocheiridius</i> from Iran, and led to the identification and description of two novel species: <i>Calocheiridius</i> <i>rectilineatus</i> sp. nov. and <i>C. persicus</i> sp. nov. The novel species were differentiated from their relatives using molecular and morphological analyses, based mainly unique morphometric features, variations in the number of setae along tergite I and the posterior end of the carapace and, trichobothrial patterns, among others. Furthermore, these species exhibit a mitochondrial DNA <i>COI</i> K2P genetic distance that varies from 12.7% to 14% when compared to the nearest relative, <i>C. centralis</i>. Phylogenetic analyses utilising the mitochondrial <i>COI</i> gene and nuclear 28S rDNA, and molecular species delimitation methods, further support description of these new species as separate taxonomic entities. An updated interactive identification key for all species of the genus <i>Calocheiridius</i>, created using DELTA software and based on various numeric and multistate characters, is also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-03-17eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-14
Chao Huang, Bernhard Bein, Junda Zhao
{"title":"Two New Sympatric Aquatic Freshwater Crab Species, <i>Megapleonum taishanense</i> sp. nov. and <i>Cantopotamon chixiense</i> sp. nov. (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae), from Taishan, Guangdong, China.","authors":"Chao Huang, Bernhard Bein, Junda Zhao","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-14","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two new species of freshwater crabs are described from a hillstream in Chixi Town, Taishan City, Guangdong Province, China: <i>Megapleonum taishanense</i> sp. nov. and <i>Cantopotamon chixiense</i> sp. nov. The two new species are sympatric and are similar in size, colour and superficial appearance in the field. Inspection of key morphological characters sets them apart as undescribed species from two different genera. <i>Megapleonum taishanense</i> sp. nov. and <i>Cantopotamon chixiense</i> sp. nov. can immediately be separated from their respective congeners by their unique G1 morphology but also their combination of carapace, maxilliped 3 and male pleon characters. A phylogeny constructed using the mitochondrial <i>COI</i> gene places <i>Cantopotamon chixiense</i> sp. nov. in its own clade as sister to <i>C. yangxiense</i> Huang, Ahyong & Shih 2017 and a previous 16S rRNA gene study has already shown that <i>Megapleonum taishanense</i> sp. nov. represents an independent clade within <i>Megapleonum</i> Huang, Shih & Ahyong 2018, supporting the current taxonomic treatment of both new species.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-03-17eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-08
Pan-Wen Hsueh, You-Wei Tzeng
{"title":"Biodiversity and New Records of Subtidal Brachyuran Crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Taiwan.","authors":"Pan-Wen Hsueh, You-Wei Tzeng","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-08","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines subtidal brachyuran crabs collected from the offshore sewage discharge site of the Bali wastewater treatment plant, which serves the great Taipei metropolitan areas in Taiwan. It reports seven taxa of brachyuran crabs from Taiwan: three newly recorded species and four others identified only to genus level as the specimens obtained were either adult but partially damaged or juveniles. These species belong to six families and seven genera, including three new genera recorded for the first time in Taiwan: <i>Ceratocarcinus</i> White, 1847, <i>Mariaplax</i> Rahayu and Ng, 2014, and <i>Xenophthalmus</i> White, 1846. The identified species are: <i>Paradorippe</i> sp. (family Dorippidae H. Milne Edwards, 1837), <i>Mariaplax</i> <i>chenae</i> Rahayu and Ng, 2014 (family Hexapodidae Miers, 1886), <i>Nursia</i> sp. (family Leucosiidae Samouelle, 1819, subfamily Ebaliinae Stimpson, 1871), <i>Seulocia</i> sp. (family Leucosiidae Samouelle, 1819, subfamily Leucosiinae Samouelle, 1819), <i>Pinnotheres</i> sp. (family Pinnotheridae De Haan, 1833), <i>Xenophthalmus</i> <i>pinnotheroides</i> White, 1846 (family Xenophthalmidae Stimpson, 1858), and <i>Ceratocarcinus</i> <i>frontodentata</i> (Shen, Dai and Chen, 1982) (family Pilumnidae Samouelle, 1819). <i>Ceratocarcinus</i> <i>frontodentata</i>, <i>M</i>. <i>chenae</i>, and <i>X</i>. <i>pinnotheroides</i> are reported in Taiwan for the first time.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-02-12eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-05
Zhi-Xuan Zeng, Cheng-Jiang Tan, Ben-Lin Zhang, E Zhang
{"title":"Descriptions of Two New Species of the Cyprinid Genus <i>Hongshuia</i> (Pisces: Cypriniformes) from the Pearl River Basin, Southwest China, with a Re-evaluation of the Taxonomic Status of <i>H. paoli</i>.","authors":"Zhi-Xuan Zeng, Cheng-Jiang Tan, Ben-Lin Zhang, E Zhang","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-05","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two new species of the labeonin cyprinid genus <i>Hongshuia</i>, <i>H. boulobos</i> and <i>H. wangi</i>, are here described from tributaries of the Pearl River Basin, Southwest China. Both share with <i>H. brevibarba</i> the presence of a lower lip with a sector-shaped median lobe (the maximum width positioned at anterior potion of median lobe), distinguishing them from <i>H. microstomata</i> and <i>H. megalophthalmus</i>, which have a roughly rounded median lobe. <i>Hongshuia wangi</i> is distinct from <i>H. brevibarba</i> and <i>H. boulobos</i> in having wider median lobe of lower lip (width 47.8-57.6% of head width vs. 40.5-43.4% in <i>H. brevibarba</i> and 38.5-44.0% in <i>H. boulobos</i>). <i>Hongshuia boulobos</i> further differs from all other congeners in having a lower lip with larger lateral lobes (width more vs. less than one-third of the median lobe width). The study also considers <i>H. paoli</i> as a junior synonym of <i>H. megalophthalmus</i> based on morphological and molecular evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12926807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147285684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-02-12eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-04
Lai Him Chow, Jeffery C F Chan, June Hoi Ching Leung, Ling Ming Tsang
{"title":"Three New Cryptic Species of the Freshwater Shrimp Genus <i>Caridina</i> (Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae) from Hong Kong, with Notes on the <i>C. serrata</i> Species Group.","authors":"Lai Him Chow, Jeffery C F Chan, June Hoi Ching Leung, Ling Ming Tsang","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-04","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three new species of freshwater atyid shrimp, namely <i>Caridina chui</i> sp. nov., <i>C. bauhinia</i> sp. nov. and <i>C. argilla</i> sp. nov., are described from Hong Kong, southern China using an integrative taxonomic approach. All three species belong to the <i>C. serrata</i> species group and differ from the other members in characteristics of the rostrum, pereiopods, and male first and second pleopods. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial <i>COI</i> and 16S rRNA sequences show that the <i>C. serrata</i> species group is polyphyletic and comprises at least four lineages. The validity of the <i>C. serrata</i> species group is discussed and more detailed diagnosis of the species group is proposed. The <i>C. serrata</i> species group <i>sensu stricto</i> is restricted to the nominal lineage containing <i>C. serrata</i> and closely related species, distinguished from other species of the <i>C. serrata</i> species group mainly by having relatively stout carpus of first pereiopod, stout appendix masculina of male second pleopod, and large number of spiniform setae on the uropodal diaeresis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12926808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147285631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoological StudiesPub Date : 2026-02-07eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2026.65-25
Andrey V Adrianov, Anastassya S Maiorova, Anastasia P Grigorenko, Irina Yu Adrianova
{"title":"Redescription of <i>Echinoderes filispinosus</i> Adrianov, 1989 - the Brackish Water Mud Dragon (Kinorhyncha) from the Extreme Environment in the Sea of Japan, with Discussion of Transoceanic Distribution Estuarine Species.","authors":"Andrey V Adrianov, Anastassya S Maiorova, Anastasia P Grigorenko, Irina Yu Adrianova","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2026.65-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2026.65-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A brackish water mud dragon species <i>Echinoderes filispinosus</i> is redescribed from the type locality in the Sea of Japan. The species should be considered part of the <i>Echinoderes coulli</i> species group. This species is characterized by presence of a single minute middorsal spine on trunk segment 4, minute lateroventral spines on trunk segments 6-7, long lateroventral tubes on trunk segments 5 and 8, sexually dimorphic laterodorsal tubes on trunk segment 10, numerous glandular cell outlets type 2 modified into minute fringed tubes, large elongated sieve plates with posterior pore, and strongly reduced lateral terminal accessory spines. The paper documents newly found morphological characters of <i>E. filispinosus</i>, suggesting an emended classification of <i>Echinoderes ohtsukai</i> as junior synonym of <i>E. filispinosus</i>. DNA sequence also reveals that <i>E. ohtsukai</i> is completely conspecific with <i>E. filispinosus</i>. This estuarine species demonstrates outstanding ability to survive under the record seasonal variations of temperature and salinity. Transoceanic distribution of this species in the North Pacific is also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"65 ","pages":"e25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}